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added a 'deps' directory and moved w32-pthreads into it

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2011-03-26 Ross Johnson <ross at homemail dot com dot au>
* pthread_nutex_init.html (robust mutexes): Added
descriptions for newly implemented interface.
* pthread_mutexattr_init.html (robust mutexes): Likewise.
* pthread_getsequence_np.html: New.
* index.html: Updated.
2008-06-30 Ross Johnson <ross at callisto.canberra.edu.au>
* pthread_setschedparam.html: Fix "see also" links.
2005-05-06 Ross Johnson <ross at callisto.canberra.edu.au>
* PortabilityIssues.html: Was nonPortableIssues.html.
* index.html: Updated; add table of contents at top.
* *.html: Add Pthreads-win32 header info; add link back to the
index page 'index.html'.
2005-05-06 Ross Johnson <ross at callisto.canberra.edu.au>
* index.html: New.
* nonPortableIssues.html: New.
* pthread_attr_init.html: New.
* pthread_attr_setstackaddr.html: New.
* pthread_attr_setstacksize.html: New.
* pthread_barrierattr_init.html: New.
* pthread_barrierattr_setpshared.html: New.
* pthread_barrier_init.html: New.
* pthread_barrier_wait.html: New.
* pthreadCancelableWait.html: New.
* pthread_cancel.html: New.
* pthread_cleanup_push.html: New.
* pthread_condattr_init.html: New.
* pthread_condattr_setpshared.html: New.
* pthread_cond_init.html: New.
* pthread_create.html: New.
* pthread_delay_np.html: New.
* pthread_detach.html: New.
* pthread_equal.html: New.
* pthread_exit.html: New.
* pthread_getw32threadhandle_np.html: New.
* pthread_join.html: New.
* pthread_key_create.html: New.
* pthread_kill.html: New.
* pthread_mutexattr_init.html: New.
* pthread_mutexattr_setpshared.html: New.
* pthread_mutex_init.html: New.
* pthread_num_processors_np.html: New.
* pthread_once.html: New.
* pthread_rwlockattr_init.html: New.
* pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared.html: New.
* pthread_rwlock_init.html: New.
* pthread_rwlock_rdlock.html: New.
* pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock.html: New.
* pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock.html: New.
* pthread_rwlock_unlock.html: New.
* pthread_rwlock_wrlock.html: New.
* pthread_self.html: New.
* pthread_setcancelstate.html: New.
* pthread_setcanceltype.html: New.
* pthread_setconcurrency.html: New.
* pthread_setschedparam.html: New.
* pthread_spin_init.html: New.
* pthread_spin_lock.html: New.
* pthread_spin_unlock.html: New.
* pthread_timechange_handler_np.html: New.
* pthread_win32_attach_detach_np.html: New.
* pthread_win32_test_features_np.html: New.
* sched_get_priority_max.html: New.
* sched_getscheduler.html: New.
* sched_setscheduler.html: New.
* sched_yield.html: New.
* sem_init.html: New.

718
deps/w32-pthreads/manual/PortabilityIssues.html vendored Normal file
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="CONTENT-TYPE" CONTENT="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<TITLE>PORTABILITYISSUES manual page</TITLE>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="OpenOffice.org 1.1.3 (Linux)">
<META NAME="CREATED" CONTENT="20050505;322600">
<META NAME="CHANGED" CONTENT="20050506;11580000">
</HEAD>
<BODY LANG="en-GB" BGCOLOR="#ffffff" DIR="LTR">
<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<H4><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></H4>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P STYLE="font-weight: medium">Portability issues</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>Thread priority</B></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<H3>Thread priority</H3>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm">POSIX defines a single contiguous range
of numbers that determine a thread's priority. Win32 defines priority
classes - and priority levels relative to these classes. Classes are
simply priority base levels that the defined priority levels are
relative to such that, changing a process's priority class will
change the priority of all of it's threads, while the threads retain
the same relativity to each other.</P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm">A Win32 system defines a single
contiguous monotonic range of values that define system priority
levels, just like POSIX. However, Win32 restricts individual threads
to a subset of this range on a per-process basis.</P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm">The following table shows the base
priority levels for combinations of priority class and priority value
in Win32.</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DD>
<TABLE WIDTH=742 BORDER=0 CELLPADDING=0 CELLSPACING=0 STYLE="page-break-inside: avoid">
<COL WIDTH=50>
<COL WIDTH=356>
<COL WIDTH=336>
<THEAD>
<TR VALIGN=TOP>
<TD WIDTH=50>
<P ALIGN=CENTER><BR>
</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356>
<P ALIGN=LEFT><B>Process Priority Class</B></P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336>
<P ALIGN=LEFT><B>Thread Priority Level</B></P>
</TD>
</TR>
</THEAD>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="1" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>1</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_IDLE</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="1" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>1</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_IDLE</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="1" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>1</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_IDLE</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="1" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>1</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_IDLE</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="1" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>1</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_IDLE</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="2" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>2</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="3" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>3</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="4" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>4</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="4" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>4</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="5" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>5</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="5" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>5</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="5" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>5</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>Background NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="6" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>6</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="6" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>6</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="6" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>6</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>Background NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="7" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>7</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="7" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>7</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>Background NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="7" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>7</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>Foreground NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="8" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>8</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="8" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>8</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="8" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>8</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>Foreground NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="8" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>8</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="9" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>9</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="9" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>9</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>Foreground NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="9" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>9</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="10" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>10</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>Foreground NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="10" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>10</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="11" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>11</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>Foreground NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="11" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>11</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="11" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>11</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="12" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>12</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="12" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>12</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="13" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>13</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="14" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>14</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="15" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>15</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="15" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>15</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="15" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>15</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="15" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>15</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="15" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>15</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="15" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>15</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="16" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>16</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_IDLE</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="17" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>17</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="-7" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=LEFT>-7</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="18" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>18</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="-6" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=LEFT>-6</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="19" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>19</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="-5" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=LEFT>-5</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="20" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>20</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="-4" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=LEFT>-4</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="21" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>21</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="-3" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=LEFT>-3</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="22" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>22</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="23" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>23</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_BELOW_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="24" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>24</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="25" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>25</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_ABOVE_NORMAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="26" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>26</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="27" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>27</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="3" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=LEFT>3</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="28" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>28</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="4" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=LEFT>4</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="29" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>29</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="5" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=LEFT>5</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="30" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>30</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="6" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=LEFT>6</P>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50 VALIGN=BOTTOM SDVAL="31" SDNUM="3081;">
<P ALIGN=CENTER>31</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=356 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS</P>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=336 VALIGN=TOP>
<P ALIGN=LEFT>THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL</P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TBODY>
</TABLE>
</DL>
</DL>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm">Windows NT: Values -7, -6, -5, -4, -3, 3,
4, 5, and 6 are not supported.</P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm">As you can see, the real priority levels
available to any individual Win32 thread are non-contiguous.</P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm">An application using Pthreads-w32 should
not make assumptions about the numbers used to represent thread
priority levels, except that they are monotonic between the values
returned by sched_get_priority_min() and sched_get_priority_max().
E.g. Windows 95, 98, NT, 2000, XP make available a non-contiguous
range of numbers between -15 and 15, while at least one version of
WinCE (3.0) defines the minimum priority (THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST) as
5, and the maximum priority (THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST) as 1.</P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm">Internally, pthreads-win32 maps any
priority levels between THREAD_PRIORITY_IDLE and
THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST to THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST, or between
THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL and THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST to
THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST. Currently, this also applies to
REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS even if levels -7, -6, -5, -4, -3, 3, 4, 5,
and 6 are supported.</P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm">If it wishes, a Win32 application using
pthreads-w32 can use the Win32 defined priority macros
THREAD_PRIORITY_IDLE through THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Author</A></H2>
<P>Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">See also</A></H2>
<P><BR><BR>
</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Author</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">See also</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<H4 CLASS="western">POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE -
<A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<H3 CLASS="western">Table of Contents</H3>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">POSIX
threads API reference</A><BR><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Miscellaneous
POSIX thread safe routines provided by Pthreads-w32</A><BR><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Non-portable
Pthreads-w32 routines</A><BR><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Other</A></P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">POSIX threads API
reference</A></H2>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_destroy</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_getdetachstate</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_getinheritsched</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_getschedparam</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_getschedpolicy</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_getscope</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_setstackaddr.html"><B>pthread_attr_getstackaddr</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_setstacksize.html"><B>pthread_attr_getstacksize</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_init</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_setdetachstate</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_setinheritsched</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_setschedparam</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_setschedpolicy</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_setscope</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_setstackaddr.html"><B>pthread_attr_setstackaddr</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_attr_setstacksize.html"><B>pthread_attr_setstacksize</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_barrierattr_init.html"><B>pthread_barrierattr_destroy</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_barrierattr_setpshared.html"><B>pthread_barrierattr_getpshared</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_barrierattr_init.html"><B>pthread_barrierattr_init</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_barrierattr_setpshared.html"><B>pthread_barrierattr_setpshared</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_barrier_init.html"><B>pthread_barrier_destroy</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_barrier_init.html"><B>pthread_barrier_init</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_barrier_wait.html"><B>pthread_barrier_wait</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_cancel</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_cleanup_push.html"><B>pthread_cleanup_pop</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_cleanup_push.html"><B>pthread_cleanup_push</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_condattr_init.html"><B>pthread_condattr_destroy</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_condattr_setpshared.html"><B>pthread_condattr_getpshared</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_condattr_init.html"><B>pthread_condattr_init</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_condattr_setpshared.html"><B>pthread_condattr_setpshared</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_cond_init.html"><B>pthread_cond_broadcast</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_cond_init.html"><B>pthread_cond_destroy</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_cond_init.html"><B>pthread_cond_init</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_cond_init.html"><B>pthread_cond_signal</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_cond_init.html"><B>pthread_cond_timedwait</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_cond_init.html"><B>pthread_cond_wait</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_create.html"><B>pthread_create</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_detach.html"><B>pthread_detach</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_equal.html"><B>pthread_equal</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_setconcurrency.html"><B>pthread_getconcurrency</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_setschedparam.html"><B>pthread_getschedparam</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_getunique_np.html"><B>pthread_getunique_np</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_key_create.html"><B>pthread_getspecific</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_join.html"><B>pthread_join</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_key_create.html"><B>pthread_key_create</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_key_create.html"><B>pthread_key_delete</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_kill.html"><B>pthread_kill</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutexattr_init.html"><B>pthread_mutexattr_destroy</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutexattr_init.html"><B>pthread_mutexattr_getkind_np</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutexattr_setpshared.html"><B>pthread_mutexattr_getpshared</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutexattr_init.html"><B>pthread_mutexattr_getrobust</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutexattr_init.html"><B>pthread_mutexattr_gettype</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutexattr_init.html"><B>pthread_mutexattr_init</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutexattr_init.html"><B>pthread_mutexattr_setkind_np</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutexattr_setpshared.html"><B>pthread_mutexattr_setpshared</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutexattr_init.html"><B>pthread_mutexattr_setrobust</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutexattr_init.html"><B>pthread_mutexattr_settype</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutex_init.html"><B>pthread_mutex_consistent</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutex_init.html"><B>pthread_mutex_destroy</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutex_init.html"><B>pthread_mutex_init</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutex_init.html"><B>pthread_mutex_lock</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutex_init.html"><B>pthread_mutex_timedlock</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutex_init.html"><B>pthread_mutex_trylock</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_mutex_init.html"><B>pthread_mutex_unlock</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_once.html"><B>pthread_once</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_rwlockattr_init.html"><B>pthread_rwlockattr_destroy</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared.html"><B>pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_rwlockattr_init.html"><B>pthread_rwlockattr_init</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared.html"><B>pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_init.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_destroy</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_init.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_init</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_rdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_rdlock</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_rdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_wrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_trywrlock</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_unlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_unlock</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_wrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_wrlock</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_self.html"><B>pthread_self</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_setcancelstate</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_setcanceltype</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_setconcurrency.html"><B>pthread_setconcurrency</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_setschedparam.html"><B>pthread_setschedparam</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_key_create.html"><B>pthread_setspecific</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_kill.html"><B>pthread_sigmask</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_spin_init.html"><B>pthread_spin_destroy</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_spin_init.html"><B>pthread_spin_init</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_spin_lock.html"><B>pthread_spin_lock</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_spin_lock.html"><B>pthread_spin_trylock</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_spin_unlock.html"><B>pthread_spin_unlock</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_testcancel</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="sched_get_priority_max.html"><B>sched_get_priority_max</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="sched_get_priority_max.html"><B>sched_get_priority_min</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="sched_getscheduler.html"><B>sched_getscheduler</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="sched_setscheduler.html"><B>sched_setscheduler</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="sched_yield.html"><B>sched_yield</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><B>sem_close</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="sem_init.html"><B>sem_destroy</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="sem_init.html"><B>sem_getvalue</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="sem_init.html"><B>sem_init</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><B>sem_open</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="sem_init.html"><B>sem_post</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="sem_init.html"><B>sem_post_multiple</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="sem_init.html"><B>sem_timedwait</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="sem_init.html"><B>sem_trywait</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><B>sem_unlink</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="sem_init.html"><B>sem_wait</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_kill.html"><B>sigwait</B></A></P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Non-portable
Pthreads-w32 routines</A></H2>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthreadCancelableWait.html"><B>pthreadCancelableTimedWait</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthreadCancelableWait.html"><B>pthreadCancelableWait</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_delay_np.html"><B>pthread_delay_np</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_getw32threadhandle_np.html"><B>pthread_getw32threadhandle_np</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_num_processors_np.html"><B>pthread_num_processors_np</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_win32_test_features_np.html"><B>pthread_win32_test_features_np</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_timechange_handler_np.html"><B>pthread_timechange_handler_np</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_win32_attach_detach_np.html"><B>pthread_win32_process_attach_np</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_win32_attach_detach_np.html"><B>pthread_win32_process_detach_np</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_win32_attach_detach_np.html"><B>pthread_win32_thread_attach_np</B></A></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="pthread_win32_attach_detach_np.html"><B>pthread_win32_thread_detach_np</B></A></P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Other</A></H2>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><A HREF="PortabilityIssues.html"><B>Portability
issues</B></A></P>
</BODY>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P STYLE="font-weight: medium">pthreadCancelableTimedWait,
pthreadCancelableWait – provide cancellation hooks for user Win32
routines</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthreadCancelableTimedWait (HANDLE </B><I>waitHandle</I><B>,
DWORD </B><I>timeout</I><B>);</B></P>
<P><B>int pthreadCancelableWait (HANDLE </B><I>waitHandle</I><B>);</B></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>These two functions provide hooks into the <A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_cancel</B></A>()
mechanism that will allow you to wait on a Windows handle and make it
a cancellation point. Both functions block until either the given
Win32 <B>HANDLE</B> is signalled, or <A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_cancel</B></A>()
has been called. They are implemented using <B>WaitForMultipleObjects</B>
on <I>waitHandle</I> and the manually reset Win32 event handle that
is the target of <A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_cancel</B></A>().
These routines may be called from Win32 native threads but
<A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_cancel</B></A>() will
require that thread's POSIX thread ID that the thread must retrieve
using <A HREF="pthread_self.html"><B>pthread_self</B></A>().</P>
<P><B>pthreadCancelableTimedWait</B> is the timed version that will
return with the code <B>ETIMEDOUT</B> if the interval <I>timeout</I>
milliseconds elapses before <I>waitHandle</I> is signalled.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Cancellation</A></H2>
<P>These routines allow routines that block on Win32 HANDLEs to be
cancellable via <A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_cancel</B></A>().</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Return Value</A></H2>
<P><BR><BR>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthreadCancelableTimedWait</B> function returns the
following error code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>ETIMEDOUT</B>
</DT></DL>
</DL>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm">
The interval <I>timeout</I> milliseconds elapsed before <I>waitHandle</I>
was signalled.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Author</A></H2>
<P>Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">See also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_cancel()</B></A>,
<A HREF="pthread_self.html"><B>pthread_self()</B></A></P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Cancellation</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4"></A><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Return
Value</A><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4"></A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Author</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">See also</A>
</P>
</UL>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_attr_init, pthread_attr_destroy,
pthread_attr_setdetachstate, pthread_attr_getdetachstate,
pthread_attr_setschedparam, pthread_attr_getschedparam,
pthread_attr_setschedpolicy, pthread_attr_getschedpolicy,
pthread_attr_setinheritsched, pthread_attr_getinheritsched,
pthread_attr_setscope, pthread_attr_getscope - thread creation
attributes
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_attr_init(pthread_attr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_attr_destroy(pthread_attr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_attr_setdetachstate(pthread_attr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int </B><I>detachstate</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_attr_getdetachstate(const pthread_attr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int *</B><I>detachstate</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_attr_setschedpolicy(pthread_attr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int </B><I>policy</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_attr_getschedpolicy(const pthread_attr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int *</B><I>policy</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_attr_setschedparam(pthread_attr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
const struct sched_param *</B><I>param</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_attr_getschedparam(const pthread_attr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
struct sched_param *</B><I>param</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_attr_setinheritsched(pthread_attr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int </B><I>inherit</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_attr_getinheritsched(const pthread_attr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int *</B><I>inherit</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_attr_setscope(pthread_attr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int </B><I>scope</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_attr_getscope(const pthread_attr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int *</B><I>scope</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>Setting attributes for threads is achieved by filling a thread
attribute object <I>attr</I> of type <B>pthread_attr_t</B>, then
passing it as second argument to <A HREF="pthread_create.html"><B>pthread_create</B>(3)</A>
. Passing <B>NULL</B> is equivalent to passing a thread attribute
object with all attributes set to their default values.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_attr_init</B> initializes the thread attribute object
<I>attr</I> and fills it with default values for the attributes. (The
default values are listed below for each attribute.)
</P>
<P>Each attribute <I>attrname</I> (see below for a list of all
attributes) can be individually set using the function
<B>pthread_attr_set</B><I>attrname</I> and retrieved using the
function <B>pthread_attr_get</B><I>attrname.</I>
</P>
<P><B>pthread_attr_destroy</B> destroys a thread attribute object,
which must not then be reused until it is reinitialized.
</P>
<P>Attribute objects are consulted only when creating a new thread.
The same attribute object can be used for creating several threads.
Modifying an attribute object after a call to <B>pthread_create</B>
does not change the attributes of the thread previously created.
</P>
<P>The following thread attributes are supported:
</P>
<H3><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">detachstate</A></H3>
<P>Control whether the thread is created in the joinable state (value
<B>PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE</B>) or in the detached state (
<B>PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED</B>).
</P>
<P>Default value: <B>PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE</B>.
</P>
<P>In the joinable state, another thread can synchronize on the
thread termination and recover its termination code using
<A HREF="pthread_join.html"><B>pthread_join</B>(3)</A> . When a
joinable thread terminates, some of the thread resources are kept
allocated, and released only when another thread performs
<A HREF="pthread_join.html"><B>pthread_join</B>(3)</A> on that
thread.
</P>
<P>In the detached state, the thread's resources are released
immediately when it terminates. <A HREF="pthread_join.html"><B>pthread_join</B>(3)</A>
cannot be used to synchronize on the thread termination.
</P>
<P>A thread created in the joinable state can later be put in the
detached thread using <A HREF="pthread_detach.html"><B>pthread_detach</B>(3)</A>
.
</P>
<H3><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">schedpolicy</A></H3>
<P>Select the scheduling policy for the thread: one of <B>SCHED_OTHER</B>
(regular, non-real-time scheduling), <B>SCHED_RR</B> (real-time,
round-robin) or <B>SCHED_FIFO</B> (real-time, first-in first-out).
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> only supports <B>SCHED_OTHER</B> - attempting
to set one of the other policies will return an error ENOTSUP.</P>
<P>Default value: <B>SCHED_OTHER</B>.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> only supports <B>SCHED_OTHER</B> - attempting
to set one of the other policies will return an error ENOTSUP.</P>
<P>The scheduling policy of a thread can be changed after creation
with <A HREF="pthread_setschedparam.html"><B>pthread_setschedparam</B>(3)</A>
.
</P>
<H3><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">schedparam</A></H3>
<P>Contain the scheduling parameters (essentially, the scheduling
priority) for the thread.</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> supports the priority levels defined by the
Windows system it is running on. Under Windows, thread priorities are
relative to the process priority class, which must be set via the
Windows W32 API.</P>
<P>Default value: priority is 0 (Win32 level <B>THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL</B>).
</P>
<P>The scheduling priority of a thread can be changed after creation
with <A HREF="pthread_setschedparam.html"><B>pthread_setschedparam</B>(3)</A>
.
</P>
<H3><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">inheritsched</A></H3>
<P>Indicate whether the scheduling policy and scheduling parameters
for the newly created thread are determined by the values of the
<I>schedpolicy</I> and <I>schedparam</I> attributes (value
<B>PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED</B>) or are inherited from the parent
thread (value <B>PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED</B>).
</P>
<P>Default value: <B>PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED</B>.
</P>
<H3><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">scope</A></H3>
<P>Define the scheduling contention scope for the created thread. The
only value supported in the <B>Pthreads-w32</B> implementation is
<B>PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM</B>, meaning that the threads contend for CPU
time with all processes running on the machine. The other value
specified by the standard, <B>PTHREAD_SCOPE_PROCESS</B>, means that
scheduling contention occurs only between the threads of the running
process.</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> only supports <B>PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM</B>.</P>
<P>Default value: <B>PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM</B>.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>All functions return 0 on success and a non-zero error code on
error. On success, the <B>pthread_attr_get</B><I>attrname</I>
functions also store the current value of the attribute <I>attrname</I>
in the location pointed to by their second argument.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_attr_setdetachstate</B> function returns the
following error codes on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
the specified <I>detachstate</I> is not one of
<B>PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE</B> or <B>PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED</B>.
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_attr_setschedparam</B> function returns the following
error codes on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
the priority specified in <I>param</I> is outside the range of
allowed priorities for the scheduling policy currently in <I>attr</I>
(1 to 99 for <B>SCHED_FIFO</B> and <B>SCHED_RR</B>; 0 for
<B>SCHED_OTHER</B>).
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_attr_setschedpolicy</B> function returns the following
error codes on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
the specified <I>policy</I> is not one of <B>SCHED_OTHER</B>,
<B>SCHED_FIFO</B>, or <B>SCHED_RR</B>.
</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<B>ENOTSUP</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<I>policy</I> is not <B>SCHED_OTHER</B>, the only value supported
by <B>Pthreads-w32</B>.</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_attr_setinheritsched</B> function returns the
following error codes on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
the specified <I>inherit</I> is not one of <B>PTHREAD_INHERIT_SCHED</B>
or <B>PTHREAD_EXPLICIT_SCHED</B>.
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_attr_setscope</B> function returns the following error
codes on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
the specified <I>scope</I> is not one of <B>PTHREAD_SCOPE_SYSTEM</B>
or <B>PTHREAD_SCOPE_PROCESS</B>.
</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<B>ENOTSUP</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
the specified <I>scope</I> is <B>PTHREAD_SCOPE_PROCESS</B> (not
supported by <B>Pthreads-w32</B>).
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<H2>
<A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc11" NAME="sect11">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_create.html"><B>pthread_create</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_join.html"><B>pthread_join</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_detach.html"><B>pthread_detach</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_setschedparam.html"><B>pthread_setschedparam</B>(3)</A>
.
</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">detachstate</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">schedpolicy</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">schedparam</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">inheritsched</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">scope</A>
</P>
</UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Author</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect11" NAME="toc11">See Also</A>
</P>
</UL>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_attr_getstackaddr, pthread_attr_setstackaddr - get and set
the stackaddr attribute
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_attr_getstackaddr(const pthread_attr_t *restrict</B>
<I>attr</I><B>, void **restrict</B> <I>stackaddr</I><B>); <BR>int
pthread_attr_setstackaddr(pthread_attr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>, void
*</B><I>stackaddr</I><B>); </B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_attr_getstackaddr</B> and <B>pthread_attr_setstackaddr</B>
functions, respectively, shall get and set the thread creation
<I>stackaddr</I> attribute in the <I>attr</I> object.
</P>
<P>The <I>stackaddr</I> attribute specifies the location of storage
to be used for the created thread’s stack. The size of the storage
shall be at least {PTHREAD_STACK_MIN}.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_THREAD_ATTR_STACKADDR</B> in
pthread.h as -1 to indicate that these routines are implemented but
cannot used to set or get the stack address. These routines always
return the error ENOSYS when called.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>Upon successful completion, <B>pthread_attr_getstackaddr</B> and
<B>pthread_attr_setstackaddr</B> shall return a value of 0;
otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate the error.
</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_attr_getstackaddr</B> function stores the <I>stackaddr</I>
attribute value in <I>stackaddr</I> if successful.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_attr_setstackaddr</B> function always returns the
following error code:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>ENOSYS</B></DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The function is not supported.
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_attr_getstackaddr</B> function always returns the
following error code:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>ENOSYS</B></DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The function is not supported.
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
These functions shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>The specification of the <I>stackaddr</I> attribute presents
several ambiguities that make portable use of these interfaces
impossible. The description of the single address parameter as a
&quot;stack&quot; does not specify a particular relationship between
the address and the &quot;stack&quot; implied by that address. For
example, the address may be taken as the low memory address of a
buffer intended for use as a stack, or it may be taken as the address
to be used as the initial stack pointer register value for the new
thread. These two are not the same except for a machine on which the
stack grows &quot;up&quot; from low memory to high, and on which a
&quot;push&quot; operation first stores the value in memory and then
increments the stack pointer register. Further, on a machine where
the stack grows &quot;down&quot; from high memory to low,
interpretation of the address as the &quot;low memory&quot; address
requires a determination of the intended size of the stack.
IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001 has introduced the new interfaces
<A HREF="pthread_attr_setstack.html"><B>pthread_attr_setstack</B>(3)</A>
and <A HREF="pthread_attr_getstack.html"><B>pthread_attr_getstack</B>(3)</A>
to resolve these ambiguities.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_destroy</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_getdetachstate</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_attr_getstack.html"><B>pthread_attr_getstack</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_attr_getstacksize.html"><B>pthread_attr_getstacksize</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_attr_setstack.html"><B>pthread_attr_setstack</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_create.html"><B>pthread_create</B>(3)</A> , the
Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;limits.h&gt;</I>, <I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<TITLE>&quot;PTHREAD_ATTR_GETSTACKSIZE&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="OpenOffice.org 1.1.3 (Linux)">
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_attr_getstacksize, pthread_attr_setstacksize - get and set
the stacksize attribute
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_attr_getstacksize(const pthread_attr_t *restrict</B>
<I>attr</I><B>, size_t *restrict</B> <I>stacksize</I><B>); <BR>int
pthread_attr_setstacksize(pthread_attr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>, size_t</B>
<I>stacksize</I><B>); </B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_attr_getstacksize</B> and <B>pthread_attr_setstacksize</B>
functions, respectively, shall get and set the thread creation
<I>stacksize</I> attribute in the <I>attr</I> object.
</P>
<P>The <I>stacksize</I> attribute shall define the minimum stack size
(in bytes) allocated for the created threads stack.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_THREAD_ATTR_STACKSIZE</B> in
pthread.h to indicate that these routines are implemented and may be
used to set or get the stack size.</P>
<P>Default value: 0 (in Pthreads-w32 a value of 0 means the stack
will grow as required)</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>Upon successful completion, <B>pthread_attr_getstacksize</B> and
<B>pthread_attr_setstacksize</B> shall return a value of 0;
otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate the error.
</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_attr_getstacksize</B> function stores the <I>stacksize</I>
attribute value in <I>stacksize</I> if successful.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_attr_setstacksize</B> function shall fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value of <I>stacksize</I> is less than {PTHREAD_STACK_MIN} or
exceeds a system-imposed limit.
</DD></DL>
<P>
These functions shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_attr_setstackaddr.html"><B>pthread_attr_getstackaddr</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_getdetachstate</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_create.html"><B>pthread_create</B>(3)</A> <B>,</B>
the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;limits.h&gt;</I>, <I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<TITLE>&quot;PTHREAD_BARRIER_DESTROY&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_barrier_destroy, pthread_barrier_init - destroy and
initialize a barrier object (<B>ADVANCED REALTIME THREADS</B>)
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_barrier_destroy(pthread_barrier_t *</B><I>barrier</I><B>);
<BR>int pthread_barrier_init(pthread_barrier_t *restrict</B> <I>barrier</I><B>,
const pthread_barrierattr_t *restrict</B> <I>attr</I><B>, unsigned</B>
<I>count</I><B>); </B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_barrier_destroy</B> function shall destroy the
barrier referenced by <I>barrier</I> and release any resources used
by the barrier. The effect of subsequent use of the barrier is
undefined until the barrier is reinitialized by another call to
<B>pthread_barrier_init</B> . An implementation may use this function
to set <I>barrier</I> to an invalid value. An error code is returned if <B>pthread_barrier_destroy</B> is called when any thread is
blocked on the barrier, or if this function is called with an
uninitialized barrier.
</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_barrier_init</B> function shall allocate any
resources required to use the barrier referenced by <I>barrier</I>
and shall initialize the barrier with attributes referenced by <I>attr</I>.
If <I>attr</I> is NULL, the default barrier attributes shall be used;
the effect is the same as passing the address of a default barrier
attributes object. The results are undefined if <B>pthread_barrier_init</B>
is called when any thread is blocked on the barrier (that is, has not
returned from the <A HREF="pthread_barrier_wait.html"><B>pthread_barrier_wait</B>(3)</A>
call). The results are undefined if a barrier is used without first
being initialized. The results are undefined if <B>pthread_barrier_init</B>
is called specifying an already initialized barrier.
</P>
<P>The <I>count</I> argument specifies the number of threads that
must call <A HREF="pthread_barrier_wait.html"><B>pthread_barrier_wait</B>(3)</A>
before any of them successfully return from the call. The value
specified by <I>count</I> must be greater than zero.
</P>
<P>If the <B>pthread_barrier_init</B> function fails, the barrier
shall not be initialized and the contents of <I>barrier</I> are
undefined.
</P>
<P>Only the object referenced by <I>barrier</I> may be used for
performing synchronization. The result of referring to copies of that
object in calls to <B>pthread_barrier_destroy</B> <B>or</B>
<A HREF="pthread_barrier_wait.html"><B>pthread_barrier_wait</B>(3)</A>
is undefined.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>Upon successful completion, these functions shall return zero;
otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_barrier_destroy</B> function may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EBUSY</B>
</DT><DD>
The implementation has detected an attempt to destroy a barrier
while it is in use (for example, while being used in a
<A HREF="pthread_barrier_wait.html"><B>pthread_barrier_wait</B>(3)</A>
call) by another thread.
</DD><DT>
<B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>barrier</I> is invalid.
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_barrier_init</B> function shall fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EAGAIN</B>
</DT><DD>
The system lacks the necessary resources to initialize another
barrier.
</DD><DT>
<B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD>
The value specified by <I>count</I> is equal to zero.
</DD><DT>
<B>ENOMEM</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
Insufficient memory exists to initialize the barrier.
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_barrier_init</B> function may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EBUSY</B>
</DT><DD>
The implementation has detected an attempt to reinitialize a barrier
while it is in use (for example, while being used in a
<A HREF="pthread_barrier_wait.html"><B>pthread_barrier_wait</B>(3)</A>
call) by another thread.
</DD><DT>
<B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>attr</I> is invalid.
</DD></DL>
<P>
These functions shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_barrier_destroy</B> and <B>pthread_barrier_init</B>
functions are part of the Barriers option and need not be provided on
all implementations.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_BARRIERS</B> to indicate
that these routines are implemented and may be used.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc11" NAME="sect11">Known Bugs</A></H2>
<DL>
<DD STYLE="margin-left: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">In
<B><SPAN LANG="en-GB"><SPAN LANG="en-GB">pthreads-win32</SPAN></SPAN></B>,
the behaviour of threads which enter <A HREF="pthread_barrier_wait.html"><B>pthread_barrier_wait</B>(3)</A>
while the barrier is being destroyed is undefined.
</DD></DL>
<H2>
<A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_barrier_wait.html"><B>pthread_barrier_wait</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect11" NAME="toc11">Known
Bugs</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_barrier_wait - synchronize at a barrier (<B>ADVANCED
REALTIME THREADS</B>)
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_barrier_wait(pthread_barrier_t *</B><I>barrier</I><B>);
</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_barrier_wait</B> function shall synchronize
participating threads at the barrier referenced by <I>barrier</I>.
The calling thread shall block until the required number of threads
have called <B>pthread_barrier_wait</B> specifying the barrier.
</P>
<P>When the required number of threads have called
<B>pthread_barrier_wait</B> specifying the barrier, the constant
<B>PTHREAD_BARRIER_SERIAL_THREAD</B> shall be returned to one
unspecified thread and zero shall be returned to each of the
remaining threads. At this point, the barrier shall be reset to the
state it had as a result of the most recent <A HREF="pthread_barrier_init.html"><B>pthread_barrier_init</B>(3)</A>
function that referenced it.
</P>
<P>The constant <B>PTHREAD_BARRIER_SERIAL_THREAD</B> is defined in
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I> and its value shall be distinct from any
other value returned by <B>pthread_barrier_wait</B> .
</P>
<P>The results are undefined if this function is called with an
uninitialized barrier.
</P>
<P>If a signal is delivered to a thread blocked on a barrier, upon
return from the signal handler the thread shall resume waiting at the
barrier if the barrier wait has not completed (that is, if the
required number of threads have not arrived at the barrier during the
execution of the signal handler); otherwise, the thread shall
continue as normal from the completed barrier wait. Until the thread
in the signal handler returns from it, it is unspecified whether
other threads may proceed past the barrier once they have all reached
it.
</P>
<P>A thread that has blocked on a barrier shall not prevent any
unblocked thread that is eligible to use the same processing
resources from eventually making forward progress in its execution.
Eligibility for processing resources shall be determined by the
scheduling policy.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>Upon successful completion, the <B>pthread_barrier_wait</B>
function shall return <B>PTHREAD_BARRIER_SERIAL_THREAD</B> for a
single (arbitrary) thread synchronized at the barrier and zero for
each of the other threads. Otherwise, an error number shall be
returned to indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_barrier_wait</B> function may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>barrier</I> does not refer to an
initialized barrier object.
</DD></DL>
<P>
This function shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>Applications using this function may be subject to priority
inversion, as discussed in the Base Definitions volume of
IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001, Section 3.285, Priority Inversion.
</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_barrier_wait</B> function is part of the Barriers
option and need not be provided on all implementations.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_BARRIERS</B> to indicate
that this routine is implemented and may be used.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc11" NAME="sect11">Known Bugs</A></H2>
<DL>
None.</DL>
<H2>
<A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_barrier_init.html"><B>pthread_barrier_destroy</B>(3)</A>,
<A HREF="pthread_barrier_init.html"><B>pthread_barrier_init(3)</B></A>,
the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect11" NAME="toc11">Known
Bugs</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<TITLE>&quot;PTHREAD_BARRIERATTR_DESTROY&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="OpenOffice.org 1.1.3 (Linux)">
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_barrierattr_destroy, pthread_barrierattr_init - destroy
and initialize the barrier attributes object (<B>ADVANCED REALTIME
THREADS</B>)
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P>i<B>nt pthread_barrierattr_destroy(pthread_barrierattr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>);
<BR>int pthread_barrierattr_init(pthread_barrierattr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>);
</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_barrierattr_destroy</B> function shall destroy a
barrier attributes object. A destroyed <I>attr</I> attributes object
can be reinitialized using <B>pthread_barrierattr_init</B> ; the
results of otherwise referencing the object after it has been
destroyed are undefined. An implementation may cause
<B>pthread_barrierattr_destroy</B> to set the object referenced by
<I>attr</I> to an invalid value.
</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_barrierattr_init</B> function shall initialize a
barrier attributes object <I>attr</I> with the default value for all
of the attributes defined by the implementation.
</P>
<P>Results are undefined if <B>pthread_barrierattr_init</B> is called
specifying an already initialized <I>attr</I> attributes object.
</P>
<P>After a barrier attributes object has been used to initialize one
or more barriers, any function affecting the attributes object
(including destruction) shall not affect any previously initialized
barrier.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>If successful, the <B>pthread_barrierattr_destroy</B> and
<B>pthread_barrierattr_init</B> functions shall return zero;
otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_barrierattr_destroy</B> function may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>attr</I> is invalid.
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_barrierattr_init</B> function shall fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>ENOMEM</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
Insufficient memory exists to initialize the barrier attributes
object.
</DD></DL>
<P>
These functions shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_barrierattr_destroy</B> and
<B>pthread_barrierattr_init</B> functions are part of the Barriers
option and need not be provided on all implementations.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_BARRIERS</B> to indicate
that these routines are implemented and may be used.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_barrierattr_setpshared.html"><B>pthread_barrierattr_getpshared</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_barrierattr_setpshared.html"><B>pthread_barrierattr_setpshared</B>(3)</A>
, the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<TITLE>&quot;PTHREAD_BARRIERATTR_GETPSHARED&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="OpenOffice.org 1.1.3 (Linux)">
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_barrierattr_getpshared, pthread_barrierattr_setpshared -
get and set the process-shared attribute of the barrier attributes
object (<B>ADVANCED REALTIME THREADS</B>)
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_barrierattr_getpshared(const pthread_barrierattr_t
* restrict</B> <I>attr</I><B>, int *restrict</B> <I>pshared</I><B>);
<BR>int pthread_barrierattr_setpshared(pthread_barrierattr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int</B> <I>pshared</I><B>); </B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_barrierattr_getpshared</B> function shall obtain
the value of the <I>process-shared</I> attribute from the attributes
object referenced by <I>attr</I>. The <B>pthread_barrierattr_setpshared</B>
function shall set the <I>process-shared</I> attribute in an
initialized attributes object referenced by <I>attr</I>.
</P>
<P>The <I>process-shared</I> attribute is set to
PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED to permit a barrier to be operated upon by any
thread that has access to the memory where the barrier is allocated.
If the <I>process-shared</I> attribute is PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE,
the barrier shall only be operated upon by threads created within the
same process as the thread that initialized the barrier; if threads
of different processes attempt to operate on such a barrier, the
behavior is undefined. The default value of the attribute shall be
PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE. Both constants PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED and
PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE are defined in <I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines _<B>POSIX_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B> in
pthread.h as -1 to indicate that these routines are implemented but
that the process shared attribute is not supported.</P>
<P>Additional attributes, their default values, and the names of the
associated functions to get and set those attribute values are
implementation-defined.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>If successful, the <B>pthread_barrierattr_getpshared</B> function
shall return zero and store the value of the <I>process-shared</I>
attribute of <I>attr</I> into the object referenced by the <I>pshared</I>
parameter. Otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate
the error.
</P>
<P>If successful, the <B>pthread_barrierattr_setpshared</B> function
shall return zero; otherwise, an error number shall be returned to
indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>These functions may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>attr</I> is invalid.
</DD><DT>
The <B>pthread_barrierattr_setpshared</B> function may fail if:
</DT><DT>
<B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The new value specified for the <I>process-shared</I> attribute is
not one of the legal values <B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B> or
<B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE</B>.
</DD><DT>
<B>ENOSYS</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>attr</I> was <B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B>
(Pthreads-w32).</DD></DL>
<P>
These functions shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_barrierattr_getpshared</B> and
<B>pthread_barrierattr_setpshared</B> functions are part of the
Barriers option and need not be provided on all implementations.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_BARRIERS</B> and
<B>_POSIX_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B> in pthread.h as -1 to indicate
that these routines are implemented and may be used, but do not
support the process shared option.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_barrier_init.html"><B>pthread_barrier_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_barrierattr_init.html"><B>pthread_barrierattr_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_barrierattr_init.html"><B>pthread_barrierattr_init</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_cancel, pthread_setcancelstate, pthread_setcanceltype,
pthread_testcancel - thread cancellation
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_cancel(pthread_t </B><I>thread</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_setcancelstate(int </B><I>state</I><B>, int
*</B><I>oldstate</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_setcanceltype(int </B><I>type</I><B>, int
*</B><I>oldtype</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>void pthread_testcancel(void);</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>Cancellation is the mechanism by which a thread can terminate the
execution of another thread. More precisely, a thread can send a
cancellation request to another thread. Depending on its settings,
the target thread can then either ignore the request, honor it
immediately, or defer it until it reaches a cancellation point.
</P>
<P>When a thread eventually honors a cancellation request, it
performs as if <B>pthread_exit(PTHREAD_CANCELED)</B> has been called
at that point: all cleanup handlers are executed in reverse order,
destructor functions for thread-specific data are called, and finally
the thread stops executing with the return value <B>PTHREAD_CANCELED</B>.
See <A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B>(3)</A> for more
information.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_cancel</B> sends a cancellation request to the thread
denoted by the <I>thread</I> argument.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_setcancelstate</B> changes the cancellation state for
the calling thread -- that is, whether cancellation requests are
ignored or not. The <I>state</I> argument is the new cancellation
state: either <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE</B> to enable cancellation, or
<B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE</B> to disable cancellation (cancellation
requests are ignored). If <I>oldstate</I> is not <B>NULL</B>, the
previous cancellation state is stored in the location pointed to by
<I>oldstate</I>, and can thus be restored later by another call to
<B>pthread_setcancelstate</B>.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_setcanceltype</B> changes the type of responses to
cancellation requests for the calling thread: asynchronous
(immediate) or deferred. The <I>type</I> argument is the new
cancellation type: either <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS</B> to
cancel the calling thread as soon as the cancellation request is
received, or <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_DEFERRED</B> to keep the cancellation
request pending until the next cancellation point. If <I>oldtype</I>
is not <B>NULL</B>, the previous cancellation state is stored in the
location pointed to by <I>oldtype</I>, and can thus be restored later
by another call to <B>pthread_setcanceltype</B>.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> provides two levels of support for
<B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS</B>: full and partial. Full support
requires an additional DLL and driver be installed on the Windows
system (see the See Also section below) that allows blocked threads
to be cancelled immediately. Partial support means that the target
thread will not cancel until it resumes execution naturally. Partial
support is provided if either the DLL or the driver are not
automatically detected by the pthreads-w32 library at run-time.</P>
<P>Threads are always created by <A HREF="pthread_create.html"><B>pthread_create</B>(3)</A>
with cancellation enabled and deferred. That is, the initial
cancellation state is <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE</B> and the initial
type is <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_DEFERRED</B>.
</P>
<P>Cancellation points are those points in the program execution
where a test for pending cancellation requests is performed and
cancellation is executed if positive. The following POSIX threads
functions are cancellation points:
</P>
<P><A HREF="pthread_join.html"><B>pthread_join</B>(3)</A>
<BR><A HREF="pthread_cond_init.html"><B>pthread_cond_wait</B>(3)</A>
<BR><A HREF="pthread_cond_init.html"><B>pthread_cond_timedwait</B>(3)</A>
<BR><A HREF=""><B>pthread_testcancel</B>(3)</A> <BR><A HREF="sem_init.html"><B>sem_wait</B>(3)</A>
<BR><A HREF="sem_init.html"><B>sem_timedwait</B>(3)</A> <BR><A HREF="pthread_kill.html"><B>sigwait</B>(3)</A></P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> provides two functions to enable additional
cancellation points to be created in user functions that block on
Win32 HANDLEs:</P>
<P><A HREF="pthreadCancelableWait.html">pthreadCancelableWait()</A>
<BR><A HREF="pthreadCancelableTimedWait.html">pthreadCancelableTimedWait()</A></P>
<P>All other POSIX threads functions are guaranteed not to be
cancellation points. That is, they never perform cancellation in
deferred cancellation mode.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_testcancel</B> does nothing except testing for pending
cancellation and executing it. Its purpose is to introduce explicit
checks for cancellation in long sequences of code that do not call
cancellation point functions otherwise.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_cancel</B>, <B>pthread_setcancelstate</B> and
<B>pthread_setcanceltype</B> return 0 on success and a non-zero error
code on error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_cancel</B> returns the following error code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>ESRCH</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
no thread could be found corresponding to that specified by the
<I>thread</I> ID.
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
<B>pthread_setcancelstate</B> returns the following error code on
error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
the <I>state</I> argument is not
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE</B> nor <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE</B>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><B>pthread_setcanceltype</B> returns the following error code on
error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
the <I>type</I> argument is not
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_DEFERRED</B> nor <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS</B>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_cleanup_push.html"><B>pthread_cleanup_push</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_cleanup_pop.html"><B>pthread_cleanup_pop</B>(3)</A>
, Pthreads-w32 package README file 'Prerequisites' section.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Bugs</A></H2>
<P>POSIX specifies that a number of system calls (basically, all
system calls that may block, such as <A HREF="read.html"><B>read</B>(2)</A>
, <A HREF="write.html"><B>write</B>(2)</A> , <A HREF="wait.html"><B>wait</B>(2)</A>
, etc.) and library functions that may call these system calls (e.g.
<A HREF="fprintf.html"><B>fprintf</B>(3)</A> ) are cancellation
points. <B>Pthreads-win32</B> is not integrated enough with the C
library to implement this, and thus none of the C library functions
is a cancellation point.
</P>
<P>A workaround for these calls is to temporarily switch to
asynchronous cancellation (assuming full asynchronous cancellation
support is installed). So, checking for cancellation during a <B>read</B>
system call, for instance, can be achieved as follows:
</P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><BR><BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<PRE STYLE="margin-left: 1cm; margin-right: 1cm">pthread_setcanceltype(PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS, &amp;oldCancelType);
read(fd, buffer, length);
pthread_setcanceltype(oldCancelType, NULL);</PRE>
<HR>
<BLOCKQUOTE><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></BLOCKQUOTE>
<UL>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Author</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">See
Also</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Bugs</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</UL>
</BODY>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_cleanup_push, pthread_cleanup_pop - install and remove
cleanup handlers
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>void pthread_cleanup_push(void (*</B><I>routine</I><B>) (void
*), void *</B><I>arg</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>void pthread_cleanup_pop(int </B><I>execute</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>Cleanup handlers are functions that get called when a thread
terminates, either by calling <A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B>(3)</A>
or because of cancellation. Cleanup handlers are installed and
removed following a stack-like discipline.
</P>
<P>The purpose of cleanup handlers is to free the resources that a
thread may hold at the time it terminates. In particular, if a thread
exits or is cancelled while it owns a locked mutex, the mutex will
remain locked forever and prevent other threads from executing
normally. The best way to avoid this is, just before locking the
mutex, to install a cleanup handler whose effect is to unlock the
mutex. Cleanup handlers can be used similarly to free blocks
allocated with <A HREF="malloc.html"><B>malloc</B>(3)</A> or close
file descriptors on thread termination.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_cleanup_push</B> installs the <I>routine</I> function
with argument <I>arg</I> as a cleanup handler. From this point on to
the matching <B>pthread_cleanup_pop</B>, the function <I>routine</I>
will be called with arguments <I>arg</I> when the thread terminates,
either through <A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B>(3)</A>
or by cancellation. If several cleanup handlers are active at that
point, they are called in LIFO order: the most recently installed
handler is called first.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_cleanup_pop</B> removes the most recently installed
cleanup handler. If the <I>execute</I> argument is not 0, it also
executes the handler, by calling the <I>routine</I> function with
arguments <I>arg</I>. If the <I>execute</I> argument is 0, the
handler is only removed but not executed.
</P>
<P>Matching pairs of <B>pthread_cleanup_push</B> and
<B>pthread_cleanup_pop</B> must occur in the same function, at the
same level of block nesting. Actually, <B>pthread_cleanup_push</B>
and <B>pthread_cleanup_pop</B> are macros, and the expansion of
<B>pthread_cleanup_push</B> introduces an open brace <B>{</B> with
the matching closing brace <B>}</B> being introduced by the expansion
of the matching <B>pthread_cleanup_pop</B>.
</P>
<H2 STYLE="margin-top: 0cm"><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm">None.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<H2 STYLE="margin-top: 0cm"><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm">None.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<H2 STYLE="margin-top: 0cm"><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Author</A></H2>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm">Xavier Leroy
&lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm">Modified by
Ross Johnson for use with Pthreads-w32.</BLOCKQUOTE>
<H2 STYLE="margin-top: 0cm"><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">See Also</A></H2>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm"><A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_cancel</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_setcanceltype</B>(3)</A> .
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<H2 STYLE="margin-top: 0cm"><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Example</A></H2>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm">Here is how
to lock a mutex <I>mut</I> in such a way that it will be unlocked if
the thread is canceled while <I>mut</I> is locked:
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<PRE>pthread_cleanup_push(pthread_mutex_unlock, (void *) &amp;mut);
pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;mut);
/* do some work */
pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;mut);
pthread_cleanup_pop(0);</PRE><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm">
Equivalently, the last two lines can be replaced by
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<PRE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">pthread_cleanup_pop(1);</PRE><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm">
Notice that the code above is safe only in deferred cancellation mode
(see <A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_setcanceltype</B>(3)</A>
). In asynchronous cancellation mode, a cancellation can occur
between <B>pthread_cleanup_push</B> and <B>pthread_mutex_lock</B>, or
between <B>pthread_mutex_unlock</B> and <B>pthread_cleanup_pop</B>,
resulting in both cases in the thread trying to unlock a mutex not
locked by the current thread. This is the main reason why
asynchronous cancellation is difficult to use.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm">If the code
above must also work in asynchronous cancellation mode, then it must
switch to deferred mode for locking and unlocking the mutex:
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<PRE>pthread_setcanceltype(PTHREAD_CANCEL_DEFERRED, &amp;oldtype);
pthread_cleanup_push(pthread_mutex_unlock, (void *) &amp;mut);
pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;mut);
/* do some work */
pthread_cleanup_pop(1);
pthread_setcanceltype(oldtype, NULL);</PRE>
<HR>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm"><A NAME="toc"></A>
<B>Table of Contents</B></BLOCKQUOTE>
<UL>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Author</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">See
Also</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Example</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</UL>
</BODY>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_cond_init, pthread_cond_destroy, pthread_cond_signal,
pthread_cond_broadcast, pthread_cond_wait, pthread_cond_timedwait -
operations on conditions
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>pthread_cond_t </B><I>cond</I> <B>= PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_cond_init(pthread_cond_t *</B><I>cond</I><B>,
pthread_condattr_t *</B><I>cond_attr</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_cond_signal(pthread_cond_t *</B><I>cond</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_cond_broadcast(pthread_cond_t *</B><I>cond</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *</B><I>cond</I><B>,
pthread_mutex_t *</B><I>mutex</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t *</B><I>cond</I><B>,
pthread_mutex_t *</B><I>mutex</I><B>, const struct timespec
*</B><I>abstime</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_cond_destroy(pthread_cond_t *</B><I>cond</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>A condition (short for ‘‘condition variable’’) is a
synchronization device that allows threads to suspend execution and
relinquish the processors until some predicate on shared data is
satisfied. The basic operations on conditions are: signal the
condition (when the predicate becomes true), and wait for the
condition, suspending the thread execution until another thread
signals the condition.
</P>
<P>A condition variable must always be associated with a mutex, to
avoid the race condition where a thread prepares to wait on a
condition variable and another thread signals the condition just
before the first thread actually waits on it.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_cond_init</B> initializes the condition variable <I>cond</I>,
using the condition attributes specified in <I>cond_attr</I>, or
default attributes if <I>cond_attr</I> is <B>NULL</B>.
</P>
<P>Variables of type <B>pthread_cond_t</B> can also be initialized
statically, using the constant <B>PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER</B>. In
the <B>Pthreads-w32</B> implementation, an application should still
call <B>pthread_cond_destroy</B> at some point to ensure that any
resources consumed by the condition variable are released.</P>
<P><B>pthread_cond_signal</B> restarts one of the threads that are
waiting on the condition variable <I>cond</I>. If no threads are
waiting on <I>cond</I>, nothing happens. If several threads are
waiting on <I>cond</I>, exactly one is restarted, but it is not
specified which.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_cond_broadcast</B> restarts all the threads that are
waiting on the condition variable <I>cond</I>. Nothing happens if no
threads are waiting on <I>cond</I>.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_cond_wait</B> atomically unlocks the <I>mutex</I> (as
per <B>pthread_unlock_mutex</B>) and waits for the condition variable
<I>cond</I> to be signalled. The thread execution is suspended and
does not consume any CPU time until the condition variable is
signalled. The <I>mutex</I> must be locked by the calling thread on
entrance to <B>pthread_cond_wait</B>. Before returning to the calling
thread, <B>pthread_cond_wait</B> re-acquires <I>mutex</I> (as per
<B>pthread_lock_mutex</B>).
</P>
<P>Unlocking the mutex and suspending on the condition variable is
done atomically. Thus, if all threads always acquire the mutex before
signalling the condition, this guarantees that the condition cannot
be signalled (and thus ignored) between the time a thread locks the
mutex and the time it waits on the condition variable.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_cond_timedwait</B> atomically unlocks <I>mutex</I> and
waits on <I>cond</I>, as <B>pthread_cond_wait</B> does, but it also
bounds the duration of the wait. If <I>cond</I> has not been
signalled within the amount of time specified by <I>abstime</I>, the
mutex <I>mutex</I> is re-acquired and <B>pthread_cond_timedwait</B>
returns the error <B>ETIMEDOUT</B>. The <I>abstime</I> parameter
specifies an absolute time, with the same origin as <A HREF="time.html"><B>time</B>(2)</A>
and <A HREF="gettimeofday.html"><B>gettimeofday</B>(2)</A>.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_cond_destroy</B> destroys a condition variable, freeing
the resources it might hold. No threads must be waiting on the
condition variable on entrance to <B>pthread_cond_destroy</B>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Cancellation</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_cond_wait</B> and <B>pthread_cond_timedwait</B> are
cancellation points. If a thread is cancelled while suspended in one
of these functions, the thread immediately resumes execution, then
locks again the <I>mutex</I> argument to <B>pthread_cond_wait</B> and
<B>pthread_cond_timedwait</B>, and finally executes the cancellation.
Consequently, cleanup handlers are assured that <I>mutex</I> is
locked when they are called.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Async-signal Safety</A></H2>
<P>The condition functions are not async-signal safe, and should not
be called from a signal handler. In particular, calling
<B>pthread_cond_signal</B> or <B>pthread_cond_broadcast</B> from a
signal handler may deadlock the calling thread.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>All condition variable functions return 0 on success and a
non-zero error code on error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Errors</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_cond_init</B>, <B>pthread_cond_signal</B>,
<B>pthread_cond_broadcast</B>, and <B>pthread_cond_wait</B> never
return an error code.
</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_cond_init</B> function returns the following error
codes on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The <I>cond</I> argument is invalid.
</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<B>ENOMEM</B>
</DT></DL>
</DL>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 4cm">
There was not enough memory to allocate the condition variable.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>The <B>pthread_cond_signal</B> function returns the following
error codes on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The <I>cond</I> argument is invalid.
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_cond_broadcast</B> function returns the following
error codes on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The <I>cond</I> argument is invalid.
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_cond_wait</B> function returns the following error
codes on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The <I>cond</I> argument is invalid.
</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<B>ENOMEM</B>
</DT></DL>
</DL>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 4cm">
There was not enough memory to allocate the statically initialised
condition variable. Statically initialised condition variables are
dynamically allocated by the first thread to wait on them.</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>The <B>pthread_cond_timedwait</B> function returns the following
error codes on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT></DL>
</DL>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm">
The <I>cond</I> argument is invalid.
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>ETIMEDOUT</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The condition variable was not signalled before the timeout
specified by <I>abstime</I>
</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<B>ENOMEM</B>
</DT></DL>
</DL>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 4cm">
There was not enough memory to allocate the statically initialised
condition variable. Statically initialised condition variables are
dynamically allocated by the first thread to wait on them.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>The <B>pthread_cond_destroy</B> function returns the following
error code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT></DL>
</DL>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm; margin-right: 1cm">
The <I>cond</I> argument is invalid.
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EBUSY</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
Some threads are currently waiting on <I>cond</I>.
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<H2>
<A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_condattr_init.html"><B>pthread_condattr_init</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_mutex_lock.html"><B>pthread_mutex_lock</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_mutex_unlock.html"><B>pthread_mutex_unlock</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_cancel(3)</B></A>.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">Example</A></H2>
<P>Consider two shared variables <I>x</I> and <I>y</I>, protected by
the mutex <I>mut</I>, and a condition variable <I>cond</I> that is to
be signaled whenever <I>x</I> becomes greater than <I>y</I>.
</P>
<PRE STYLE="margin-left: 1cm; margin-right: 1cm">int x,y;
pthread_mutex_t mut = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
pthread_cond_t cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;</PRE><BLOCKQUOTE>
Waiting until <I>x</I> is greater than <I>y</I> is performed as
follows:
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<PRE STYLE="margin-left: 1.01cm">pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;mut);
while (x &lt;= y) {
pthread_cond_wait(&amp;cond, &amp;mut);
}
/* operate on x and y */
pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;mut);</PRE><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 3.01cm">
Modifications on <I>x</I> and <I>y</I> that may cause <I>x</I> to
become greater than <I>y</I> should signal the condition if needed:
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<PRE STYLE="margin-left: 1.01cm">pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;mut);
/* modify x and y */
if (x &gt; y) pthread_cond_broadcast(&amp;cond);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;mut);</PRE><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 3.01cm">
If it can be proved that at most one waiting thread needs to be waken
up (for instance, if there are only two threads communicating through
<I>x</I> and <I>y</I>), <B>pthread_cond_signal</B> can be used as a
slightly more efficient alternative to <B>pthread_cond_broadcast</B>.
If in doubt, use <B>pthread_cond_broadcast</B>.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 3.01cm">To wait for <I>x</I> to
become greater than <I>y</I> with a timeout of 5 seconds, do:
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<PRE STYLE="margin-left: 1.01cm">struct timeval now;
struct timespec timeout;
int retcode;
pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;mut);
gettimeofday(&amp;now);
timeout.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + 5;
timeout.tv_nsec = now.tv_usec * 1000;
retcode = 0;
while (x &lt;= y &amp;&amp; retcode != ETIMEDOUT) {
retcode = pthread_cond_timedwait(&amp;cond, &amp;mut, &amp;timeout);
}
if (retcode == ETIMEDOUT) {
/* timeout occurred */
} else {
/* operate on x and y */
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;mut);</PRE>
<HR>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm"><A NAME="toc"></A>
<B>Table of Contents</B></BLOCKQUOTE>
<UL>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Cancellation</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Async-signal
Safety</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Return
Value</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Errors</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Author</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">See
Also</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">Example</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<TITLE>PTHREAD_CONDATTR(3) manual page</TITLE>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_condattr_init, pthread_condattr_destroy - condition
creation
</P>
<P>attributes
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_condattr_init(pthread_condattr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_condattr_destroy(pthread_condattr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>Condition attributes can be specified at condition creation time,
by passing a condition attribute object as second argument to
<A HREF="pthread_cond_init.html"><B>pthread_cond_init</B>(3)</A> .
Passing <B>NULL</B> is equivalent to passing a condition attribute
object with all attributes set to their default values.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_condattr_init</B> initializes the condition attribute
object <I>attr</I> and fills it with default values for the
attributes. <B>pthread_condattr_destroy</B> destroys a condition
attribute object, which must not be reused until it is reinitialized.</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines _<B>POSIX_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B> in
pthread.h as -1 to indicate that the attribute routines are
implemented but that the process shared attribute is not supported.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>All condition variable functions return 0 on success and a
non-zero error code on error.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_condattr_init</B> function returns the following
error code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>ENOMEM</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The was insufficient memory to create the attribute.<SPAN STYLE="font-weight: medium">
</SPAN>
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_condattr_destroy</B> function returns the following
error code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The <I>attr</I> argument is not valid.<SPAN STYLE="font-weight: medium">
</SPAN>
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<H2>
<A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_cond_init.html"><B>pthread_cond_init</B>(3)</A> .
</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Author</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">See Also</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
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<TITLE>&quot;PTHREAD_CONDATTR_GETPSHARED&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="OpenOffice.org 1.1.3 (Linux)">
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_condattr_getpshared, pthread_condattr_setpshared - get and
set the process-shared condition variable attributes
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_condattr_getpshared(const pthread_condattr_t
*restrict</B> <I>attr</I><B>, int *restrict</B> <I>pshared</I><B>);
<BR>int pthread_condattr_setpshared(pthread_condattr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int</B> <I>pshared</I><B>); </B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_condattr_getpshared</B> function shall obtain the
value of the <I>process-shared</I> attribute from the attributes
object referenced by <I>attr</I>. The <B>pthread_condattr_setpshared</B>
function shall set the <I>process-shared</I> attribute in an
initialized attributes object referenced by <I>attr</I>.
</P>
<P>The <I>process-shared</I> attribute is set to
<B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B> to permit a condition variable to be
operated upon by any thread that has access to the memory where the
condition variable is allocated, even if the condition variable is
allocated in memory that is shared by multiple processes. If the
<I>process-shared</I> attribute is <B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE</B>,
the condition variable shall only be operated upon by threads created
within the same process as the thread that initialized the condition
variable; if threads of differing processes attempt to operate on
such a condition variable, the behavior is undefined. The default
value of the attribute is <B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE</B>.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines _<B>POSIX_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B> in
pthread.h as -1 to indicate that these routines are implemented but
that the process shared attribute is not supported.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>If successful, the <B>pthread_condattr_setpshared</B> function
shall return zero; otherwise, an error number shall be returned to
indicate the error.
</P>
<P>If successful, the <B>pthread_condattr_getpshared</B> function
shall return zero and store the value of the <I>process-shared</I>
attribute of <I>attr</I> into the object referenced by the <I>pshared</I>
parameter. Otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate
the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_condattr_getpshared</B> and
<B>pthread_condattr_setpshared</B> functions may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>attr</I> is invalid.
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_condattr_setpshared</B> function may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The new value specified for the attribute is outside the range of
legal values for that attribute.
</DD><DT>
<B>ENOSYS</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>attr</I> was <B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B>
(Pthreads-w32).</DD></DL>
<P>
These functions shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B> in
pthread.h as -1 to indicate that these routines are implemented and
may be used, but do not support the process shared option.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_create.html"><B>pthread_create</B>(3)</A> <B>,</B>
<A HREF="pthread_cond_init.html"><B>pthread_cond_destroy</B>(3)</A> <B>,</B>
<A HREF="pthread_condattr_init.html"><B>pthread_condattr_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_mutex_init.html"><B>pthread_mutex_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_create - create a new thread
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_create(pthread_t * </B><I>thread</I><B>,
pthread_attr_t * </B><I>attr</I><B>, void * (*</B><I>start_routine</I><B>)(void
*), void * </B><I>arg</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_create</B> creates a new thread of control that
executes concurrently with the calling thread. The new thread applies
the function <I>start_routine</I> passing it <I>arg</I> as first
argument. The new thread terminates either explicitly, by calling
<A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B>(3)</A> , or
implicitly, by returning from the <I>start_routine</I> function. The
latter case is equivalent to calling <A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B>(3)</A>
with the result returned by <I>start_routine</I> as exit code.
</P>
<P>The initial signal state of the new thread is inherited from it's
creating thread and there are no pending signals. <B>Pthreads-w32</B>
does not yet implement signals.</P>
<P>The <I>attr</I> argument specifies thread attributes to be applied
to the new thread. See <A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_init</B>(3)</A>
for a complete list of thread attributes. The <I>attr</I> argument
can also be <B>NULL</B>, in which case default attributes are used:
the created thread is joinable (not detached) and has default (non
real-time) scheduling policy.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>On success, the identifier of the newly created thread is stored
in the location pointed by the <I>thread</I> argument, and a 0 is
returned. On error, a non-zero error code is returned.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><B>EAGAIN</B>
</DT><DL>
<DL>
<DT>
Not enough system resources to create a process for the new
thread, or<BR>more than <B>PTHREAD_THREADS_MAX</B> threads are
already active.
</DT></DL>
</DL>
</DL>
<H2>
<A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_join.html"><B>pthread_join</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_detach.html"><B>pthread_detach</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_init</B>(3)</A> .
</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Author</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">See Also</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
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<TITLE>PTHREAD_DELAY_NP manual page</TITLE>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P STYLE="font-weight: medium">pthread_delay_np – suspend the
thread for a specified period</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_delay_np (const struct timespec *</B>interval<B>);</B></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_delay_np</B> causes a thread to delay execution for a
specific period of time. This period ends at the current time plus
the specified interval. The routine will not return before the end of
the period is reached, but may return an arbitrary amount of time
after the period has gone by. This can be due to system load, thread
priorities, and system timer granularity.</P>
<P>Specifying an interval of zero (0) seconds and zero (0)
nanoseconds is allowed and can be used to force the thread to give up
the processor or to deliver a pending cancellation request.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Cancellation</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_delay_np </B>is a cancellation point.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>If an error condition occurs, <B>pthread_delay_np</B> returns an
integer value indicating the type of error.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_delay_np</B> function returns the following error
code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT></DL>
</DL>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm">
The value specified by interval is invalid.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Author</A></H2>
<P>Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Cancellation</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Author</A>
</P>
</UL>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_detach - put a running thread in the detached state
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_detach(pthread_t </B><I>th</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_detach</B> puts the thread <I>th</I> in the detached
state. This guarantees that the resources consumed by <I>th</I> will
be freed immediately when <I>th</I> terminates. However, this
prevents other threads from synchronizing on the termination of <I>th</I>
using <B>pthread_join</B>. If, when <B>pthread_detach</B> is called,
<I>th</I> has already terminated, all of <I>th</I>'s remaining
resources will be freed.</P>
<P>A thread can be created initially in the detached state, using the
<B>detachstate</B> attribute to <A HREF="pthread_create.html"><B>pthread_create</B>(3)</A>
. In contrast, <B>pthread_detach</B> applies to threads created in
the joinable state, and which need to be put in the detached state
later.
</P>
<P>After <B>pthread_detach</B> completes, subsequent attempts to
perform <B>pthread_join</B> on <I>th</I> will fail. If another thread
is already joining the thread <I>th</I> at the time <B>pthread_detach</B>
is called, <I>th</I> will be detached and <B>pthread_join</B> will
eventually return when <I>th</I> terminates but may not return with
<I>th</I>'s correct return code.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>On success, 0 is returned. On error, a non-zero error code is
returned.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><B>ESRCH</B>
</DT><DD>
No thread could be found corresponding to that specified by <I>th</I>
</DD><DT>
<B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
the thread <I>th</I> is already in the detached state
</DD></DL>
<H2>
<A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with Pthreads-w32.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_create.html"><B>pthread_create</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_join.html"><B>pthread_join</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_setdetachstate</B>(3)</A>
</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Author</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">See Also</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<head>
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</head>
<body bgcolor='white'>
<a href='#toc'>Table of Contents</a><p>
<p>
<h2><a name='sect0' href='#toc0'>Name</a></h2>
pthread_equal - compare two thread identifiers
<p>
<h2><a name='sect1' href='#toc1'>Synopsis</a></h2>
<b>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</b>
<p> <b>int pthread_equal(pthread_t </b><i>thread1</i><b>, pthread_t </b><i>thread2</i><b>);</b>
<p>
<h2><a name='sect2' href='#toc2'>Description</a></h2>
<b>pthread_equal</b>
determines if two thread identifiers refer to the same thread.
<p>
<h2><a name='sect3' href='#toc3'>Return Value</a></h2>
A
non-zero value is returned if <i>thread1</i> and <i>thread2</i> refer to the same thread.
Otherwise, 0 is returned.
<p>
<h2><a name='sect4' href='#toc4'>Author</a></h2>
Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
<p>
<h2><a name='sect5' href='#toc5'>See Also</a></h2>
<a href='file:pthread_self.html'><b>pthread_self</b>(3)</a>
.
<p>
<hr><p>
<a name='toc'><b>Table of Contents</b></a><p>
<ul>
<li><a name='toc0' href='#sect0'>Name</a></li>
<li><a name='toc1' href='#sect1'>Synopsis</a></li>
<li><a name='toc2' href='#sect2'>Description</a></li>
<li><a name='toc3' href='#sect3'>Return Value</a></li>
<li><a name='toc4' href='#sect4'>Author</a></li>
<li><a name='toc5' href='#sect5'>See Also</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
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<head>
<title>PTHREAD_EXIT(3) manual page</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor='white'>
<a href='#toc'>Table of Contents</a><p>
<p>
<h2><a name='sect0' href='#toc0'>Name</a></h2>
pthread_exit - terminate the calling thread
<p>
<h2><a name='sect1' href='#toc1'>Synopsis</a></h2>
<b>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</b>
<p> <b>void pthread_exit(void *</b><i>retval</i><b>);</b>
<p>
<h2><a name='sect2' href='#toc2'>Description</a></h2>
<b>pthread_exit</b> terminates the
execution of the calling thread. All cleanup handlers that have been set
for the calling thread with <a href='file:pthread_cleanup_push.html'><b>pthread_cleanup_push</b>(3)</a>
are executed in reverse
order (the most recently pushed handler is executed first). Finalization
functions for thread-specific data are then called for all keys that have
non- <b>NULL</b> values associated with them in the calling thread (see <a href='file:pthread_key_create.html'><b>pthread_key_create</b>(3)</a>
).
Finally, execution of the calling thread is stopped.
<p> The <i>retval</i> argument
is the return value of the thread. It can be consulted from another thread
using <a href='file:pthread_join.html'><b>pthread_join</b>(3)</a>
.
<p>
<h2><a name='sect3' href='#toc3'>Return Value</a></h2>
The <b>pthread_exit</b> function never returns.
<p>
<h2><a name='sect4' href='#toc4'>Author</a></h2>
Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
<p>
<h2><a name='sect5' href='#toc5'>See Also</a></h2>
<a href='file:pthread_create.html'><b>pthread_create</b>(3)</a>
, <a href='file:pthread_join.html'><b>pthread_join</b>(3)</a>
.
<p>
<hr><p>
<a name='toc'><b>Table of Contents</b></a><p>
<ul>
<li><a name='toc0' href='#sect0'>Name</a></li>
<li><a name='toc1' href='#sect1'>Synopsis</a></li>
<li><a name='toc2' href='#sect2'>Description</a></li>
<li><a name='toc3' href='#sect3'>Return Value</a></li>
<li><a name='toc4' href='#sect4'>Author</a></li>
<li><a name='toc5' href='#sect5'>See Also</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
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<H4 CLASS="western">POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE -
<A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P STYLE="font-weight: normal">pthread_getunique_np – get the
unique sequence number associated with a thread</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>unsigned long long pthread_getunique_np(pthread_t</B> <I>thread</I><B>);</B></P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>Returns the <B>unique </B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">64 bit
sequence number</SPAN> assigned to <I>thread</I>.</P>
<P>In <B>Pthreads-win32:</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P>the value returned is not reused after the thread terminates
so it is unique for the life of the process</P>
<LI><P>Windows native threads may obtain their own POSIX thread
sequence number by first retrieving their <B>pthread_t</B> handle
via <B>pthread_self</B> to use as the <I>thread</I> argument.</P>
</UL>
<P>This function was added for source code compatibility with some
other POSIX threads implementations.</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Cancellation</A></H2>
<P>None.</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Return Value</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_getunique_np</B> returns the unique sequence number for
<I>thread</I>.</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Errors</A></H2>
<P>None.</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Author</A></H2>
<P>Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Cancellation</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Author</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P STYLE="font-weight: medium">pthread_getw32threadhandle_np – get
the Win32 thread handle associated with a thread</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>HANDLE pthread_getw32threadhandle_np(pthread_t</B> <I>thread</I><B>);</B></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>Returns the Win32 native thread <B>HANDLE</B> that the POSIX
thread <I>thread</I> is running as.</P>
<P>Applications can use the Win32 handle to set Win32 specific
attributes of the thread.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Cancellation</A></H2>
<P>None.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Return Value</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_getw32threadhandle_np</B> returns the Win32 native
thread <B>HANDLE</B> for the specified POSIX thread <I>thread</I>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Errors</A></H2>
<P>None.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Author</A></H2>
<P>Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Cancellation</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Author</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_join - wait for termination of another thread
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_join(pthread_t </B><I>th</I><B>, void
**</B><I>thread_return</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_join</B> suspends the execution of the calling thread
until the thread identified by <I>th</I> terminates, either by
calling <A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B>(3)</A> or by
being cancelled.
</P>
<P>If <I>thread_return</I> is not <B>NULL</B>, the return value of <I>th</I>
is stored in the location pointed to by <I>thread_return</I>. The
return value of <I>th</I> is either the argument it gave to
<A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B>(3)</A> , or
<B>PTHREAD_CANCELED</B> if <I>th</I> was cancelled.
</P>
<P>The joined thread <B>th</B> must be in the joinable state: it must
not have been detached using <A HREF="pthread_detach.html"><B>pthread_detach</B>(3)</A>
or the <B>PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED</B> attribute to <A HREF="pthread_create.html"><B>pthread_create</B>(3)</A>
.
</P>
<P>When a joinable thread terminates, its memory resources (thread
descriptor and stack) are not deallocated until another thread
performs <B>pthread_join</B> on it. Therefore, <B>pthread_join</B>
must be called once for each joinable thread created to avoid memory
leaks.
</P>
<P>At most one thread can wait for the termination of a given thread.
Calling <B>pthread_join</B> on a thread <I>th</I> on which another
thread is already waiting for termination returns an error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Cancellation</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_join</B> is a cancellation point. If a thread is
cancelled while suspended in <B>pthread_join</B>, the thread
execution resumes immediately and the cancellation is executed
without waiting for the <I>th</I> thread to terminate. If
cancellation occurs during <B>pthread_join</B>, the <I>th</I> thread
remains not joined.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>On success, the return value of <I>th</I> is stored in the
location pointed to by <I>thread_return</I>, and 0 is returned. On
error, a non-zero error code is returned.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Errors</A></H2>
<DL>
<DT><B>ESRCH</B>
</DT><DD>
No thread could be found corresponding to that specified by <I>th</I>.
</DD><DT>
<B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD>
The <I>th</I> thread has been detached.
</DD><DT>
<B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD>
Another thread is already waiting on termination of <I>th</I>.
</DD><DT>
<B>EDEADLK</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The <I>th</I> argument refers to the calling thread.
</DD></DL>
<H2>
<A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_detach.html"><B>pthread_detach</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_create.html"><B>pthread_create</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_attr_setdetachstate.html"><B>pthread_attr_setdetachstate</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_cleanup_push.html"><B>pthread_cleanup_push</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_key_create.html"><B>pthread_key_create</B>(3)</A>
.
</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Cancellation</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Author</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">See Also</A>
</P>
</UL>
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<TITLE>PTHREAD_SPECIFIC(3) manual page</TITLE>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_key_create, pthread_key_delete, pthread_setspecific,
pthread_getspecific - management of thread-specific data
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_key_create(pthread_key_t *</B><I>key</I><B>, void
(*</B><I>destr_function</I><B>) (void *));</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_key_delete(pthread_key_t </B><I>key</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_setspecific(pthread_key_t </B><I>key</I><B>, const
void *</B><I>pointer</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>void * pthread_getspecific(pthread_key_t </B><I>key</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>Programs often need global or static variables that have different
values in different threads. Since threads share one memory space,
this cannot be achieved with regular variables. Thread-specific data
is the POSIX threads answer to this need.
</P>
<P>Each thread possesses a private memory block, the thread-specific
data area, or TSD area for short. This area is indexed by TSD keys.
The TSD area associates values of type <B>void *</B> to TSD keys. TSD
keys are common to all threads, but the value associated with a given
TSD key can be different in each thread.
</P>
<P>For concreteness, the TSD areas can be viewed as arrays of <B>void
*</B> pointers, TSD keys as integer indices into these arrays, and
the value of a TSD key as the value of the corresponding array
element in the calling thread.
</P>
<P>When a thread is created, its TSD area initially associates <B>NULL</B>
with all keys.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_key_create</B> allocates a new TSD key. The key is
stored in the location pointed to by <I>key</I>. There is a limit of
<B>PTHREAD_KEYS_MAX</B> on the number of keys allocated at a given
time. The value initially associated with the returned key is <B>NULL</B>
in all currently executing threads.
</P>
<P>The <I>destr_function</I> argument, if not <B>NULL</B>, specifies
a destructor function associated with the key. When a thread
terminates via <B>pthread_exit</B> or by cancellation, <I>destr_function</I>
is called with arguments the value associated with the key in that
thread. The <I>destr_function</I> is not called if that value is <B>NULL</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: medium">
or the key has been deleted</SPAN>. The order in which destructor
functions are called at thread termination time is unspecified.
</P>
<P>Before the destructor function is called, the <B>NULL</B> value is
associated with the key in the current thread. A destructor function
might, however, re-associate non- <B>NULL</B> values to that key or
some other key. To deal with this, if after all the destructors have
been called for all non- <B>NULL</B> values, there are still some
non- <B>NULL</B> values with associated destructors, then the process
is repeated.</P>
<P><B>pthread_key_delete</B> deallocates a TSD key. It does not check
whether non- <B>NULL</B> values are associated with that key in the
currently executing threads, nor call the destructor function
associated with the key.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_setspecific</B> changes the value associated with <I>key</I>
in the calling thread, storing the given <I>pointer</I> instead.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_getspecific</B> returns the value currently associated
with <I>key</I> in the calling thread.
</P>
<P>The routines <B>pthread_setspecific</B>, <B>pthread_getspecific</B>,
and <B>pthread_key_delete</B> can be called from <I>destr_function</I>
targeting any valid key including the key on which <I>destr_function</I>
is currently operating. If <B>pthread_getspecific</B> is called on
the key whose thread specific data is being destroyed, the value NULL
is returned, unless <B>pthread_setspecific</B> was called previously
on that key from within <I>destr_function</I> to set the value to
non-NULL. For some implementations the effect of calling
<B>pthread_setspecific</B> from within <I>destr_function</I> can be
either memory leakage or infinite loops if <I>destr_function</I> has
already been called at least <B>PTHREAD_DESTRUCTOR_ITERATIONS</B>
times.</P>
<P STYLE="font-weight: medium"><B>Pthreads-w32</B> stops running key
<I>destr_function</I> routines after <B>PTHREAD_DESTRUCTOR_ITERATIONS</B>
iterations, even if some non- <B>NULL</B> values with associated
descriptors remain. If memory is allocated and associated with a key
from within <I>destr_function</I>, that memory may not be reclaimed
because that key's <I>destr_function</I>, may not run again.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_key_create</B>, <B>pthread_key_delete</B>, and
<B>pthread_setspecific</B> return 0 on success and a non-zero error
code on failure. If successful, <B>pthread_key_create</B> stores the
newly allocated key in the location pointed to by its <I>key</I>
argument.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_getspecific</B> returns the value associated with <I>key</I>
on success, and <B>NULL</B> on error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_key_create</B> returns the following error code on
error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EAGAIN</B>
</DT></DL>
</DL>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 5cm">
<B>PTHREAD_KEYS_MAX</B> keys are already allocated
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>ENOMEM</B>
</DT></DL>
</DL>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 5cm">
Insufficient memory to allocate the key.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><B>pthread_key_delete</B> and <B>pthread_setspecific</B> return
the following error code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<I>key</I> is not a valid, allocated TSD key
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
<B>pthread_getspecific</B> returns <B>NULL</B> if <I>key</I> is not a
valid, allocated TSD key.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_create.html">pthread_create(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_exit.html">pthread_exit(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_cancel.html">pthread_testcancel(3)</A> .
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Example</A></H2>
<P>The following code fragment allocates a thread-specific array of
100 characters, with automatic reclamation at thread exit:
</P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><BR><BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<PRE STYLE="margin-left: 1cm; margin-right: 1cm">/* Key for the thread-specific buffer */
static pthread_key_t buffer_key;
/* Once-only initialisation of the key */
static pthread_once_t buffer_key_once = PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;
/* Allocate the thread-specific buffer */
void buffer_alloc(void)
{
pthread_once(&amp;buffer_key_once, buffer_key_alloc);
pthread_setspecific(buffer_key, malloc(100));
}
/* Return the thread-specific buffer */
char * get_buffer(void)
{
return (char *) pthread_getspecific(buffer_key);
}
/* Allocate the key */
static void buffer_key_alloc()
{
pthread_key_create(&amp;buffer_key, buffer_destroy);
}
/* Free the thread-specific buffer */
static void buffer_destroy(void * buf)
{
free(buf);
}</PRE>
<HR>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm"><A NAME="toc"></A>
<B>Table of Contents</B></BLOCKQUOTE>
<UL>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Author</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">See
Also</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Example</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</UL>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_sigmask, pthread_kill, sigwait - handling of signals in
threads
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B> <BR><B>#include &lt;signal.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_sigmask(int </B><I>how</I><B>, const sigset_t
*</B><I>newmask</I><B>, sigset_t *</B><I>oldmask</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_kill(pthread_t </B><I>thread</I><B>, int </B><I>signo</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int sigwait(const sigset_t *</B>set, <B>int</B> *sig);</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_sigmask</B> changes the signal mask for the calling
thread as described by the <I>how</I> and <I>newmask</I> arguments.
If <I>oldmask</I> is not <B>NULL</B>, the previous signal mask is
stored in the location pointed to by <I>oldmask</I>. <B>Pthreads-w32</B>
implements this function but no other function uses the signal mask
yet.</P>
<P>The meaning of the <I>how</I> and <I>newmask</I> arguments is the
same as for <B><SPAN STYLE="font-style: normal">sigprocmask</SPAN></B>(2).
If <I>how</I> is <B>SIG_SETMASK</B>, the signal mask is set to
<I>newmask</I>. If <I>how</I> is <B>SIG_BLOCK</B>, the signals
specified to <I>newmask</I> are added to the current signal mask. If
<I>how</I> is <B>SIG_UNBLOCK</B>, the signals specified to <I>newmask</I>
are removed from the current signal mask.
</P>
<P>Recall that signal masks are set on a per-thread basis, but signal
actions and signal handlers, as set with <B>sigaction</B>(2), are
shared between all threads.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_kill</B> send signal number <I>signo</I> to the thread
<I>thread</I>. <B>Pthreads-w32</B> only supports signal number 0,
which does not send any signal but causes <B>pthread_kill</B> to
return an error if <I>thread</I> is not valid.</P>
<P><B>sigwait</B> suspends the calling thread until one of the
signals in <I>set</I> is delivered to the calling thread. It then
stores the number of the signal received in the location pointed to
by <I>sig</I> and returns. The signals in <I>set</I> must be blocked
and not ignored on entrance to <B>sigwait</B>. If the delivered
signal has a signal handler function attached, that function is <I>not</I>
called. <B>Pthreads-w32</B> implements this function as a
cancellation point only - it does not wait for any signals and does
not change the location pointed to by <I>sig</I>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Cancellation</A></H2>
<P><B>sigwait</B> is a cancellation point.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>On success, 0 is returned. On failure, a non-zero error code is
returned.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_sigmask</B> function returns the following error
codes on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<I>how</I> is not one of <B>SIG_SETMASK</B>, <B>SIG_BLOCK</B>, or
<B>SIG_UNBLOCK</B>
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_kill</B> function returns the following error codes on
error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<I>signo</I> is not a valid signal number or is unsupported.</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<B>ESRCH</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
the thread <I>thread</I> does not exist (e.g. it has already
terminated)
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
The <B>sigwait</B> function never returns an error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">See Also</A></H2>
<P>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Notes</A></H2>
<P>In any implementation, for <B>sigwait</B> to work reliably, the
signals being waited for must be blocked in all threads, not only in
the calling thread, since otherwise the POSIX semantics for signal
delivery do not guarantee that it’s the thread doing the <B>sigwait</B>
that will receive the signal. The best way to achieve this is to
block those signals before any threads are created, and never unblock
them in the program other than by calling <B>sigwait</B>. This works
because all threads inherit their initial sigmask from their creating
thread.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">Bugs</A></H2>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> does not implement signals yet and so these
routines have almost no use except to prevent the compiler or linker
from complaining. <B>pthread_kill</B> is useful in determining if the
thread is a valid thread, but since many threads implementations
reuse thread IDs, the valid thread may no longer be the thread you
think it is, and so this method of determining thread validity is not
portable, and very risky. <B>Pthreads-w32</B> from version 1.0.0
onwards implements pseudo-unique thread IDs, so applications that use
this technique (but really shouldn't) have some protection.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Cancellation</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Author</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Notes</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">Bugs</A>
</P>
</UL>
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<H4 CLASS="western">POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE -
<A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_mutex_init, pthread_mutex_lock, pthread_mutex_trylock,
pthread_mutex_timedlock, pthread_mutex_unlock,
pthread_mutex_consistent, pthread_mutex_destroy - operations on
mutexes
</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>#include &lt;time.h&gt;</B></P>
<P><B>pthread_mutex_t </B><I>fastmutex</I> <B>=
PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;</B>
</P>
<P><B>pthread_mutex_t </B><I>recmutex</I> <B>=
PTHREAD_RECURSIVE_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;</B>
</P>
<P><B>pthread_mutex_t </B><I>errchkmutex</I> <B>=
PTHREAD_ERRORCHECK_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;</B>
</P>
<P><B>pthread_mutex_t </B><I>recmutex</I> <B>=
PTHREAD_RECURSIVE_MUTEX_INITIALIZER_NP;</B>
</P>
<P><B>pthread_mutex_t </B><I>errchkmutex</I> <B>=
PTHREAD_ERRORCHECK_MUTEX_INITIALIZER_NP;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *</B><I>mutex</I><B>,
const pthread_mutexattr_t *</B><I>mutexattr</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t *</B><I>mutex</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutex_trylock(pthread_mutex_t *</B><I>mutex</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutex_timedlock(pthread_mutex_t *</B><I>mutex,
</I><B>const struct timespec *</B><I>abs_timeout</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t *</B><I>mutex</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutex_consistent(pthread_mutex_t *</B><I>mutex</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutex_destroy(pthread_mutex_t *</B><I>mutex</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>A mutex is a MUTual EXclusion device, and is useful for protecting
shared data structures from concurrent modifications, and
implementing critical sections and monitors.
</P>
<P>A mutex has two possible states: unlocked (not owned by any
thread), and locked (owned by one thread). A mutex can never be owned
by two different threads simultaneously. A thread attempting to lock
a mutex that is already locked by another thread is suspended until
the owning thread unlocks the mutex first.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_mutex_init</B> initializes the mutex object pointed to
by <I>mutex</I> according to the mutex attributes specified in
<I>mutexattr</I>. If <I>mutexattr</I> is <B>NULL</B>, default
attributes are used instead.
</P>
<P>The type of a mutex determines whether it can be locked again by a
thread that already owns it. The default type is “normal”. See
<A HREF="pthread_mutexattr_init.html"><B>pthread_mutexattr_init</B>(3)</A>
for more information on mutex attributes.
</P>
<P>Variables of type <B>pthread_mutex_t</B> can also be initialized
statically, using the constants <B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER</B> (for
normal “fast” mutexes), <B>PTHREAD_RECURSIVE_MUTEX_INITIALIZER</B>
(for recursive mutexes), and <B>PTHREAD_ERRORCHECK_MUTEX_INITIALIZER</B>
(for error checking mutexes). <SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">In
the </SPAN><B>Pthreads-w32</B> <SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">implementation,
an application should still call </SPAN><B>pthread_mutex_destroy</B>
<SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">at some point to ensure that any
resources consumed by the mutex are released.</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">Any mutex type can be
initialized as a </SPAN><B>robust mutex</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">.
See </SPAN><A HREF="pthread_mutexattr_init.html"><B>pthread_mutexattr_init</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">(3)</SPAN></A>
<SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">for more information as well as the
section </SPAN><I><U><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">Robust Mutexes</SPAN></U></I>
<SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">below.</SPAN></P>
<P><B>pthread_mutex_lock</B> locks the given mutex. If the mutex is
currently unlocked, it becomes locked and owned by the calling
thread, and <B>pthread_mutex_lock</B> returns immediately. If the
mutex is already locked by another thread, <B>pthread_mutex_lock</B>
suspends the calling thread until the mutex is unlocked.</P>
<P>If the mutex is already locked by the calling thread, the behavior
of <B>pthread_mutex_lock</B> depends on the type of the mutex. If the
mutex is of the “normal” type, the calling thread is suspended
until the mutex is unlocked, thus effectively causing the calling
thread to deadlock. If the mutex is of the ‘‘error checking’’
type, <B>pthread_mutex_lock</B> returns immediately with the error
code <B>EDEADLK</B>. If the mutex is of the ‘‘recursive’’
type, <B>pthread_mutex_lock</B> succeeds and returns immediately,
recording the number of times the calling thread has locked the
mutex. An equal number of <B>pthread_mutex_unlock</B> operations must
be performed before the mutex returns to the unlocked state.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_mutex_trylock</B> behaves identically to
<B>pthread_mutex_lock</B>, except that it does not block the calling
thread if the mutex is already locked by another thread (or by the
calling thread in the case of a “normal” or “<SPAN STYLE="font-style: normal">errorcheck</SPAN>”
mutex). Instead, <B>pthread_mutex_trylock</B> returns immediately
with the error code <B>EBUSY</B>.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_mutex_timedlock</B> behaves identically to
<B>pthread_mutex_lock</B>, except that if it cannot acquire the lock
before the <I>abs_timeout</I> time, the call returns with the error
code <B>ETIMEDOUT</B>. If the mutex can be locked immediately it is,
and the <B>abs_timeout</B> parameter is ignored.</P>
<P><B>pthread_mutex_consistent</B> may only be called for
<B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST</B> mutexes. It simply marks the mutex as
consistent. See <I><U>Robust Mutexes</U></I> below.</P>
<P><B>pthread_mutex_unlock</B> unlocks the given mutex. The mutex is
assumed to be locked and owned by the calling thread on entrance to
<B>pthread_mutex_unlock</B>. If the mutex is of the “normal”
type, <B>pthread_mutex_unlock</B> always returns it to the unlocked
state. If it is of the ‘‘recursive’’ type, it decrements the
locking count of the mutex (number of <B>pthread_mutex_lock</B>
operations performed on it by the calling thread), and only when this
count reaches zero is the mutex actually unlocked. In <B>Pthreads-win32</B>,
non-robust normal or default mutex types do not check the owner of
the mutex. For all types of robust mutexes the owner is checked and
an error code is returned if the calling thread does not own the
mutex.</P>
<P>On ‘‘error checking’’ mutexes, <B>pthread_mutex_unlock</B>
actually checks at run-time that the mutex is locked on entrance, and
that it was locked by the same thread that is now calling
<B>pthread_mutex_unlock</B>. If these conditions are not met, an
error code is returned and the mutex remains unchanged. ‘‘Normal’’
[non-robust] mutexes perform no such checks, thus allowing a locked
mutex to be unlocked by a thread other than its owner. This is
non-portable behavior and is not meant to be used as a feature.</P>
<P><B>pthread_mutex_destroy</B> destroys a mutex object, freeing the
resources it might hold. The mutex must be unlocked on entrance.</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Robust Mutexes</A></H2>
<P>If the mutex is <B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST</B> and the owning thread
terminates without unlocking the mutex the implementation will wake
one waiting thread, if any. The next thread to acquire the mutex will
receive the error code <B>EOWNERDEAD</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">,
in which case that thread should if possible ensure that the state
protected by the mutex is consistent and then call
</SPAN><B>pthread_mutex_consistent</B> <SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">before
unlocking. The mutex may then be used normally from then on.</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">If the thread cannot recover the
state then it must call </SPAN><B>pthread_mutex_unlock</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
without calling </SPAN><B>pthread_mutex_consistent</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">.
This will mark the mutex as unusable and wake all currently waiting
threads with the return code </SPAN><B>ENOTRECOVERABLE</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">.
The error indicates that the mutex is no longer usable and any
threads that receive this error code from any lock operation have not
acquired the mutex. The mutex can be made consistent by calling
</SPAN><B>pthread_mutex_destroy</B> <SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">to
uninitialize the mutex, and calling </SPAN><B>pthread_mutex_int</B>
<SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">to reinitialize the mutex. However,
the state that was protected by the mutex remains inconsistent and
some form of application recovery is required.</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">If a thread that receives the
</SPAN><B>EOWNERDEAD</B> <SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">error code
itself terminates without unlocking the mutex then this behaviour
repeats for the next acquiring thread.</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">Applications must ensure that
they check the return values from all calls targeting robust mutexes.</SPAN></P>
<P STYLE="font-weight: normal">Robust mutexes are slower because they
require some additional overhead, however they are not very much
slower than the non-robust recursive type.</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Cancellation</A></H2>
<P>None of the mutex functions is a cancellation point, not even
<B>pthread_mutex_lock</B>, in spite of the fact that it can suspend a
thread for arbitrary durations. This way, the status of mutexes at
cancellation points is predictable, allowing cancellation handlers to
unlock precisely those mutexes that need to be unlocked before the
thread stops executing. Consequently, threads using deferred
cancellation should never hold a mutex for extended periods of time.
</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Async-signal Safety</A></H2>
<P>The mutex functions are not async-signal safe. What this means is
that they should not be called from a signal handler. In particular,
calling <B>pthread_mutex_lock</B> or <B>pthread_mutex_unlock</B> from
a signal handler may deadlock the calling thread.
</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Return Value</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_mutex_init</B> always returns 0. The other mutex
functions return 0 on success and a non-zero error code on error.
</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_mutex_lock</B> function returns the following error
code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in"><B>EINVAL</B></DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
the mutex has not been properly initialized.
</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
<B>EDEADLK</B></DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
the mutex is already locked by the calling thread (‘‘error
checking’’ mutexes only).
</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
<B>EOWNERDEAD</B></DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
the robust mutex is now locked by the calling thread after the
previous owner terminated without unlocking it.</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
<B>ENOTRECOVERABLE</B></DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
the robust mutex is not locked and is no longer usable after the
previous owner unlocked it without calling
pthread_mutex_consistent.</DD></DL>
<DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
The <B>pthread_mutex_trylock</B> function returns the following
error codes on error:
</DD><DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
<B>EBUSY</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
the mutex could not be acquired because it was currently locked.
</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
<B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
the mutex has not been properly initialized.
</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
<B>EOWNERDEAD</B></DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
the robust mutex is now locked by the calling thread after the
previous owner terminated without unlocking it.</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
<B>ENOTRECOVERABLE</B></DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
the robust mutex is not locked and is no longer usable after the
previous owner unlocked it without calling
pthread_mutex_consistent.</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_mutex_timedlock</B> function returns the following
error codes on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in"><B>ETIMEDOUT</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
the mutex could not be acquired before the <I>abs_timeout</I> time
arrived.
</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
<B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
the mutex has not been properly initialized.
</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
<B>EOWNERDEAD</B></DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
the robust mutex is now locked by the calling thread after the
previous owner terminated without unlocking it.</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
<B>ENOTRECOVERABLE</B></DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
the robust mutex is not locked and is no longer usable after the
previous owner unlocked it without calling
pthread_mutex_consistent.</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_mutex_unlock</B> function returns the following error
code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
the mutex has not been properly initialized.
</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
<B>EPERM</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
the calling thread does not own the mutex (‘‘error checking’’
mutexes only).
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_mutex_destroy</B> function returns the following error
code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in"><B>EBUSY</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 0.39in; margin-bottom: 0.2in">
the mutex is currently locked.
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<H2 CLASS="western">
<A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_mutexattr_init.html"><B>pthread_mutexattr_init</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_mutexattr_init.html"><B>pthread_mutexattr_settype</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_cancel</B>(3)</A> .
</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">Example</A></H2>
<P>A shared global variable <I>x</I> can be protected by a mutex as
follows:
</P>
<PRE CLASS="western" STYLE="margin-left: 0.39in; margin-right: 0.39in">int x;
pthread_mutex_t mut = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;</PRE><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in">
All accesses and modifications to <I>x</I> should be bracketed by
calls to <B>pthread_mutex_lock</B> and <B>pthread_mutex_unlock</B> as
follows:
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<PRE CLASS="western" STYLE="margin-left: 0.41in; margin-right: 0.79in">pthread_mutex_lock(&amp;mut);
/* operate on x */
pthread_mutex_unlock(&amp;mut);</PRE>
<HR>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 2.75in"><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table
of Contents</B></BLOCKQUOTE>
<UL>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 2.75in; margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 2.75in; margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 2.75in; margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 2.75in; margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Robust
Mutexes</A></BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 2.75in; margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Cancellation</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 2.75in; margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Async-signal
Safety</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 2.75in; margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Return
Value</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 2.75in; margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Errors</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 2.75in; margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Author</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 2.75in; margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">See
Also</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-right: 2.75in"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">Example</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</UL>
</BODY>
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<H4 CLASS="western">POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE -
<A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_mutexattr_init, pthread_mutexattr_destroy,
pthread_mutexattr_settype, pthread_mutexattr_gettype - mutex creation
attributes
</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutexattr_init(pthread_mutexattr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutexattr_destroy(pthread_mutexattr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutexattr_settype(pthread_mutexattr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int </B><I>type</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutexattr_gettype(const pthread_mutexattr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int *</B><I>type</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutexattr_setkind_np(pthread_mutexattr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int </B><I>type</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutexattr_getkind_np(const pthread_mutexattr_t
*</B><I>attr</I><B>, int *</B><I>type</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutexattr_setrobust(pthread_mutexattr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal"> </SPAN><I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">robust</SPAN></I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutexattr_getrobust(pthread_mutexattr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal"> </SPAN><B>*</B><I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">robust</SPAN></I><B>);</B>
</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>Mutex attributes can be specified at mutex creation time, by
passing a mutex attribute object as second argument to
<A HREF="pthread_mutex_init.html"><B>pthread_mutex_init</B>(3)</A> .
Passing <B>NULL</B> is equivalent to passing a mutex attribute object
with all attributes set to their default values.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_mutexattr_init</B> initializes the mutex attribute
object <I>attr</I> and fills it with default values for the
attributes.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_mutexattr_destroy</B> destroys a mutex attribute
object, which must not be reused until it is reinitialized.</P>
<P><B>pthread_mutexattr_settype</B> sets the mutex type attribute in
<I>attr</I> to the value specified by <I>type</I>.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_mutexattr_gettype</B> retrieves the current value of
the mutex kind attribute in <I>attr</I> and stores it in the location
pointed to by <I>type</I>.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> also recognises the following equivalent
functions that are used in Linux:</P>
<P><B>pthread_mutexattr_setkind_np</B> is an alias for
<B>pthread_mutexattr_settype</B>.
</P>
<P STYLE="font-weight: normal"><B>pthread_mutexattr_getkind_np</B> is
an alias for <B>pthread_mutexattr_gettype</B>.
</P>
<P>The following mutex types are supported:</P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_NORMAL</B> - for
‘‘fast’’ mutexes.</P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE</B> - for
‘‘recursive’’ mutexes.</P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_ERRORCHECK</B> - for
‘‘error checking’’ mutexes.</P>
<P>The mutex type determines what happens if a thread attempts to
lock a mutex it already owns with <A HREF="pthread_mutex_lock.html"><B>pthread_mutex_lock</B>(3)</A>
. If the mutex is of the “normal” or “fast” type,
<A HREF="pthread_mutex_lock.html"><B>pthread_mutex_lock</B>(3)</A>
simply suspends the calling thread forever. If the mutex is of the
‘‘error checking’’ type, <A HREF="pthread_mutex_lock.html"><B>pthread_mutex_lock</B>(3)</A>
returns immediately with the error code <B>EDEADLK</B>. If the mutex
is of the ‘‘recursive’’ type, the call to
<A HREF="pthread_mutex_lock.html"><B>pthread_mutex_lock</B>(3)</A>
returns immediately with a success return code. The number of times
the thread owning the mutex has locked it is recorded in the mutex.
The owning thread must call <A HREF="pthread_mutex_unlock.html"><B>pthread_mutex_unlock</B>(3)</A>
the same number of times before the mutex returns to the unlocked
state.
</P>
<P>The default mutex type is <B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_NORMAL</B></P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> also recognises the following equivalent types
that are used by Linux:</P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in; font-weight: normal"><B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_FAST_NP</B>
– equivalent to <B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_NORMAL</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE_NP</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_ERRORCHECK_NP</B></P>
<P><B>pthread_mutexattr_setrobust</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
sets the robustness attribute to the value given by </SPAN><I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">robust</SPAN></I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">.</SPAN></P>
<P><B>pthread_mutexattr_getrobust</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
returns the current robustness value to the location given by
*</SPAN><I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">robust</SPAN></I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">.</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">The possible values for </SPAN><I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">robust</SPAN></I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
are:</SPAN></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_STALLED</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
- when the owner of the mutex terminates without unlocking the mutex,
all subsequent calls
to pthread_mutex_*lock() are blocked from
progress in an unspecified manner.</SPAN></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
- when the owner of the mutex terminates without unlocking the mutex,
the mutex is
unlocked. The next owner of this mutex acquires the
mutex with an error return of
EOWNERDEAD.</SPAN></P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">On success all functions return
0, otherwise they return an error code as follows:</SPAN></P>
<P><B>pthread_mutexattr_init</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><B>ENOMEM</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
- insufficient memory for </SPAN><I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">attr</SPAN></I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">.</SPAN></P>
<P><B>pthread_mutexattr_destroy</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><B>EINVAL</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
- </SPAN><I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">attr</SPAN></I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
is invalid.</SPAN></P>
<P><B>pthread_mutexattr_gettype</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><B>EINVAL</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
- </SPAN><I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">attr</SPAN></I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
is invalid.</SPAN></P>
<P><B>pthread_mutexattr_settype</B></P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal"> - </SPAN><I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">attr</SPAN></I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
is invalid or </SPAN><I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">type</SPAN></I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
is none of:</SPAN></DT><DL>
<DL>
<DT>
<B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_NORMAL<BR>PTHREAD_MUTEX_FAST_NP<BR>PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE<BR>PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE_NP<BR>PTHREAD_MUTEX_ERRORCHECK<BR>PTHREAD_MUTEX_ERRORCHECK_NP</B></DT></DL>
</DL>
</DL>
</DL>
<DD STYLE="margin-left: 0in">
<BR>
</DD></DL>
<P>
<B>pthread_mutexattr_getrobust</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><B>EINVAL</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
– </SPAN><I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">attr</SPAN></I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
or </SPAN><I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">robust</SPAN></I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
is invalid.</SPAN></P>
<P><B>pthread_mutexattr_setrobust</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 0.79in"><B>EINVAL</B><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
– </SPAN><I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">attr</SPAN></I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
or </SPAN><I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">robust</SPAN></I><SPAN STYLE="font-weight: normal">
is invalid.</SPAN></P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_mutex_init.html"><B>pthread_mutex_init</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_mutex_lock.html"><B>pthread_mutex_lock</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_mutex_unlock.html"><B>pthread_mutex_unlock</B>(3)</A>
.
</P>
<H2 CLASS="western"><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7"><FONT COLOR="#000080"><U>Notes</U></FONT></A></H2>
<P>For speed, <B>Pthreads-w32</B> never checks the thread ownership
of non-robust mutexes of type <B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_NORMAL</B> (or
<B>PTHREAD_MUTEX_FAST_NP</B>) when performing operations on the
mutex. It is therefore possible for one thread to lock such a mutex
and another to unlock it.</P>
<P STYLE="font-weight: normal">When developing code, it is a common
precaution to substitute the error checking type, then drop in the
normal type for release if the extra performance is required.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Author</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0in"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">See
Also</A></P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Notes</A></P>

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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_mutexattr_getpshared, pthread_mutexattr_setpshared - get
and set the process-shared attribute
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_mutexattr_getpshared(const pthread_mutexattr_t *
restrict</B> <I>attr</I><B>, int *restrict</B> <I>pshared</I><B>);
<BR>int pthread_mutexattr_setpshared(pthread_mutexattr_t *</B><I>attr</I><B>,
int</B> <I>pshared</I><B>); </B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_mutexattr_getpshared</B> function shall obtain the
value of the <I>process-shared</I> attribute from the attributes
object referenced by <I>attr</I>. The <B>pthread_mutexattr_setpshared</B>
function shall set the <I>process-shared</I> attribute in an
initialized attributes object referenced by <I>attr</I>.
</P>
<P>The <I>process-shared</I> attribute is set to
<B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B> to permit a mutex to be operated upon
by any thread that has access to the memory where the mutex is
allocated, even if the mutex is allocated in memory that is shared by
multiple processes. If the <I>process-shared</I> attribute is
<B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE</B>, the mutex shall only be operated upon
by threads created within the same process as the thread that
initialized the mutex; if threads of differing processes attempt to
operate on such a mutex, the behavior is undefined. The default value
of the attribute shall be <B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE</B>.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B> in
pthread.h as -1 to indicate that these routines are implemented but
the process shared option is not supported.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>Upon successful completion, <B>pthread_mutexattr_setpshared</B>
shall return zero; otherwise, an error number shall be returned to
indicate the error.
</P>
<P>Upon successful completion, <B>pthread_mutexattr_getpshared</B>
shall return zero and store the value of the <I>process-shared</I>
attribute of <I>attr</I> into the object referenced by the <I>pshared</I>
parameter. Otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate
the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_mutexattr_getpshared</B> and
<B>pthread_mutexattr_setpshared</B> functions may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>attr</I> is invalid.
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_mutexattr_setpshared</B> function may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The new value specified for the attribute is outside the range of
legal values for that attribute.
</DD><DT>
<B>ENOTSUP</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The new value specified for the attribute is PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED.
</DD></DL>
<P>
These functions shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_cond_init.html"><B>pthread_cond_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_create.html"><B>pthread_create</B>(3)</A> <B>,</B>
<A HREF="pthread_mutex_init.html"><B>pthread_mutex_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_mutexattr_init.html"><B>pthread_mutexattr_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P STYLE="font-weight: medium">pthread_num_processors_np – get the
number of processors (CPUs) in use by the process</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_num_processors_np(void);</B></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_num_processors_np </B>returns the number of processors
in the system. This implementation actually returns the number of
processors available to the process, which can be a lower number than
the system's number, depending on the process's affinity mask.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Cancellation</A></H2>
<P>None.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4"><FONT COLOR="#000080">Return Value</FONT></A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_num_processors_np</B> returns the number of processors
currently available to the process.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Errors</A></H2>
<P>None.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Author</A></H2>
<P>Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Cancellation</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Author</A>
</P>
</UL>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_once - once-only initialization
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>pthread_once_t </B><I>once_control</I> <B>= PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_once(pthread_once_t *</B><I>once_control</I><B>,
void (*</B><I>init_routine</I><B>) (void));</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The purpose of <B>pthread_once</B> is to ensure that a piece of
initialization code is executed at most once. The <I>once_control</I>
argument points to a static or extern variable statically initialized
to <B>PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT</B>.
</P>
<P>The first time <B>pthread_once</B> is called with a given
<I>once_control</I> argument, it calls <I>init_routine</I> with no
argument and changes the value of the <I>once_control</I> variable to
record that initialization has been performed. Subsequent calls to
<B>pthread_once</B> with the same <B>once_control</B> argument do
nothing.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Cancellation</A></H2>
<P>While <B>pthread_once</B> is not a cancellation point,
<I>init_routine</I> can be. The effect on <I>once_control</I> of a
cancellation inside the <I>init_routine</I> is to leave it as if
<B>pthread_once</B> had not been called by the cancelled thread.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Return Value</A></H2>
<P STYLE="text-decoration: none"><FONT COLOR="#000000"><B>pthread_once</B>
returns 0 on success, or an error code on failure.</FONT></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_once</B> function returns the following error code
on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT></DL>
</DL>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm">
The once_control or init_routine parameter is NULL.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Cancellation</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Author</A>
</P>
</UL>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_rwlock_destroy, pthread_rwlock_init - destroy and
initialize a read-write lock object
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>pthread_wrlock_t </B><I>rwlock</I> <B>=
PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER;</B></P>
<P><B>int pthread_rwlock_destroy(pthread_rwlock_t *</B><I>rwlock</I><B>);
<BR>int pthread_rwlock_init(pthread_rwlock_t *restrict</B> <I>rwlock</I><B>,
const pthread_rwlockattr_t *restrict</B> <I>attr</I><B>); </B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_destroy</B> function shall destroy the
read-write lock object referenced by <I>rwlock</I> and release any
resources used by the lock. The effect of subsequent use of the lock
is undefined until the lock is reinitialized by another call to
<B>pthread_rwlock_init</B>. An implementation may cause
<B>pthread_rwlock_destroy</B> to set the object referenced by <I>rwlock</I>
to an invalid value. Results are undefined if <B>pthread_rwlock_destroy</B>
is called when any thread holds <I>rwlock</I>. Attempting to destroy
an uninitialized read-write lock results in undefined behavior.
</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_init</B> function shall allocate any
resources required to use the read-write lock referenced by <I>rwlock</I>
and initializes the lock to an unlocked state with attributes
referenced by <I>attr</I>. If <I>attr</I> is NULL, the default
read-write lock attributes shall be used; the effect is the same as
passing the address of a default read-write lock attributes object.
Once initialized, the lock can be used any number of times without
being reinitialized. Results are undefined if <B>pthread_rwlock_init</B>
is called specifying an already initialized read-write lock. Results
are undefined if a read-write lock is used without first being
initialized.
</P>
<P>If the <B>pthread_rwlock_init</B> function fails, <I>rwlock</I>
shall not be initialized and the contents of <I>rwlock</I> are
undefined.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> supports statically initialized <I>rwlock</I>
objects using <B>PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INITIALIZER</B>. <SPAN STYLE="font-weight: medium">
An application should still call <B>pthread_rwlock_destroy</B> at
some point to ensure that any resources consumed by the read/write
lock are released.</SPAN></P>
<P>Only the object referenced by <I>rwlock</I> may be used for
performing synchronization. The result of referring to copies of that
object in calls to <B>pthread_rwlock_destroy</B> ,
<B>pthread_rwlock_rdlock</B> , <B>pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock</B> ,
<B>pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock</B> , <B>pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock</B> ,
<B>pthread_rwlock_trywrlock</B> , <B>pthread_rwlock_unlock</B> , or
<B>pthread_rwlock_wrlock</B> is undefined.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_READER_WRITER_LOCKS</B> in
pthread.h as 200112L to indicate that the reader/writer routines are
implemented and may be used.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>If successful, the <B>pthread_rwlock_destroy</B> and
<B>pthread_rwlock_init</B> functions shall return zero; otherwise, an
error number shall be returned to indicate the error.
</P>
<P>The [EBUSY] and [EINVAL] error checks, if implemented, act as if
they were performed immediately at the beginning of processing for
the function and caused an error return prior to modifying the state
of the read-write lock specified by <I>rwlock</I>.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_destroy</B> function may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EBUSY</B>
</DT><DD>
The implementation has detected an attempt to destroy the object
referenced by <I>rwlock</I> while it is locked.
</DD><DT>
<B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>rwlock</I> is invalid.
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_rwlock_init</B> function shall fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EAGAIN</B>
</DT><DD>
The system lacked the necessary resources (other than memory) to
initialize another read-write lock.
</DD><DT>
<B>ENOMEM</B>
</DT><DD>
Insufficient memory exists to initialize the read-write lock.
</DD><DD STYLE="margin-left: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<BR><BR>
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_rwlock_init</B> function may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>attr</I> is invalid.
</DD></DL>
<P>
These functions shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>Applications using these and related read-write lock functions may
be subject to priority inversion, as discussed in the Base
Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001, Section 3.285,
Priority Inversion.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_rdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_rdlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_rdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_wrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_trywrlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_unlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_unlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_wrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_wrlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<HEAD>
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<TITLE>&quot;PTHREAD_RWLOCK_RDLOCK&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="OpenOffice.org 1.1.3 (Linux)">
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_rwlock_rdlock, pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock - lock a
read-write lock object for reading
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_rwlock_rdlock(pthread_rwlock_t <I>*</I></B><I>rwlock</I><B>);
<BR></B>i<B>nt pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock(pthread_rwlock_t <I>*</I></B><I>rwlock</I><B>);
</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_rdlock</B> function shall apply a read lock
to the read-write lock referenced by <I>rwlock</I>. The calling
thread acquires the read lock if a writer does not hold the lock and
there are no writers blocked on the lock.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-win32</B> does not prefer either writers or readers in
acquiring the lock – all threads enter a single prioritised FIFO
queue. While this may not be optimally efficient for some
applications, it does ensure that one type does not starve the other.</P>
<P>A thread may hold multiple concurrent read locks on <I>rwlock</I>
(that is, successfully call the <B>pthread_rwlock_rdlock</B> function
<I>n</I> times). If so, the application shall ensure that the thread
performs matching unlocks (that is, it calls the
<A HREF="pthread_rwlock_unlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_unlock</B>(3)</A>
function <I>n</I> times).
</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock</B> function shall apply a read
lock as in the <B>pthread_rwlock_rdlock</B> function, with the
exception that the function shall fail if the equivalent
<B>pthread_rwlock_rdlock</B> call would have blocked the calling
thread. In no case shall the <B>pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock</B> function
ever block; it always either acquires the lock or fails and returns
immediately.
</P>
<P>Results are undefined if any of these functions are called with an
uninitialized read-write lock.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> does not detect deadlock if the thread already
owns the lock for writing.</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_READER_WRITER_LOCKS</B> in
pthread.h as 200112L to indicate that the reader/writer routines are
implemented and may be used.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>If successful, the <B>pthread_rwlock_rdlock</B> function shall
return zero; otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate
the error.
</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock</B> function shall return zero if
the lock for reading on the read-write lock object referenced by
<I>rwlock</I> is acquired. Otherwise, an error number shall be
returned to indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock</B> function shall fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EBUSY</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The read-write lock could not be acquired for reading because a
writer holds the lock or a writer with the appropriate priority was
blocked on it.
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_rwlock_rdlock</B> and <B>pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock</B>
functions may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD>
The value specified by <I>rwlock</I> does not refer to an
initialized read-write lock object.
</DD><DT>
<B>EAGAIN</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The read lock could not be acquired because the maximum number of
read locks for <I>rwlock</I> has been exceeded.
</DD></DL>
<P>
These functions shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>Applications using these functions may be subject to priority
inversion, as discussed in the Base Definitions volume of
IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001, Section 3.285, Priority Inversion.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_init.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_wrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_trywrlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_unlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_unlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_wrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_wrlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<TITLE>&quot;PTHREAD_RWLOCK_TIMEDRDLOCK&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="OpenOffice.org 1.1.3 (Linux)">
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock - lock a read-write lock for reading
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; <BR></B>#include &lt;time.h&gt;
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock(pthread_rwlock_t *restrict</B>
<I>rwlock</I><B>, const struct timespec *restrict</B> <I>abs_timeout</I><B>);
</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock</B> function shall apply a read
lock to the read-write lock referenced by <I>rwlock</I> as in the
<A HREF="pthread_rwlock_rdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_rdlock</B>(3)</A>
function. However, if the lock cannot be acquired without waiting for
other threads to unlock the lock, this wait shall be terminated when
the specified timeout expires. The timeout shall expire when the
absolute time specified by <I>abs_timeout</I> passes, as measured by
the clock on which timeouts are based (that is, when the value of
that clock equals or exceeds <I>abs_timeout</I>), or if the absolute
time specified by <I>abs_timeout</I> has already been passed at the
time of the call.
</P>
<P>The <B>timespec</B> data type is defined in the <I>&lt;time.h&gt;</I>
header. Under no circumstances shall the function fail with a timeout
if the lock can be acquired immediately. The validity of the
<I>abs_timeout</I> parameter need not be checked if the lock can be
immediately acquired.
</P>
<P>The calling thread may deadlock if at the time the call is made it
holds a write lock on <I>rwlock</I>. The results are undefined if
this function is called with an uninitialized read-write lock.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_READER_WRITER_LOCKS</B> in
pthread.h as 200112L to indicate that the reader/writer routines are
implemented and may be used.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock</B> function shall return zero
if the lock for reading on the read-write lock object referenced by
<I>rwlock</I> is acquired. Otherwise, an error number shall be
returned to indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock</B> function shall fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>ETIMEDOUT</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The lock could not be acquired before the specified timeout expired.
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock</B> function may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EAGAIN</B>
</DT><DD>
The read lock could not be acquired because the maximum number of
read locks for lock would be exceeded.
</DD><DT>
<B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>rwlock</I> does not refer to an
initialized read-write lock object, or the <I>abs_timeout</I>
nanosecond value is less than zero or greater than or equal to 1000
million.
</DD></DL>
<P>
This function shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>Applications using this function may be subject to priority
inversion, as discussed in the Base Definitions volume of
IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001, Section 3.285, Priority Inversion.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_init.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_rdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_rdlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_rdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_wrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_trywrlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_unlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_unlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_wrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_wrlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>, <I>&lt;time.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<TITLE>&quot;PTHREAD_RWLOCK_TIMEDWRLOCK&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="OpenOffice.org 1.1.3 (Linux)">
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock - lock a read-write lock for writing
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; <BR></B>#include &lt;time.h&gt;
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock(pthread_rwlock_t *restrict</B>
<I>rwlock</I><B>, const struct timespec *restrict</B> <I>abs_timeout</I><B>);
</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock</B> function shall apply a write
lock to the read-write lock referenced by <I>rwlock</I> as in the
<A HREF="pthread_rwlock_wrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_wrlock</B>(3)</A>
function. However, if the lock cannot be acquired without waiting for
other threads to unlock the lock, this wait shall be terminated when
the specified timeout expires. The timeout shall expire when the
absolute time specified by <I>abs_timeout</I> passes, as measured by
the clock on which timeouts are based (that is, when the value of
that clock equals or exceeds <I>abs_timeout</I>), or if the absolute
time specified by <I>abs_timeout</I> has already been passed at the
time of the call.
</P>
<P>The <B>timespec</B> data type is defined in the <I>&lt;time.h&gt;</I>
header. Under no circumstances shall the function fail with a timeout
if the lock can be acquired immediately. The validity of the
<I>abs_timeout</I> parameter need not be checked if the lock can be
immediately acquired.
</P>
<P>The calling thread may deadlock if at the time the call is made it
holds the read-write lock. The results are undefined if this function
is called with an uninitialized read-write lock.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_READER_WRITER_LOCKS</B> in
pthread.h as 200112L to indicate that the reader/writer routines are
implemented and may be used.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock</B> function shall return zero
if the lock for writing on the read-write lock object referenced by
<I>rwlock</I> is acquired. Otherwise, an error number shall be
returned to indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock</B> function shall fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>ETIMEDOUT</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The lock could not be acquired before the specified timeout expired.
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock</B> function may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by rwlock does not refer to an initialized
read-write lock object, or the <I>abs_timeout</I> nanosecond value
is less than zero or greater than or equal to 1000 million.
</DD></DL>
<P>
This function shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>Applications using this function may be subject to priority
inversion, as discussed in the Base Definitions volume of
IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001, Section 3.285, Priority Inversion.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_init.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_rdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_rdlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_rdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_wrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_trywrlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_unlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_unlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_wrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_wrlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>, <I>&lt;time.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<TITLE>&quot;PTHREAD_RWLOCK_UNLOCK&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_rwlock_unlock - unlock a read-write lock object
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P>in<B>t pthread_rwlock_unlock(pthread_rwlock_t <I>*</I></B><I>rwlock</I><B>);
</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_unlock</B> function shall release a lock
held on the read-write lock object referenced by <I>rwlock</I>.
Results are undefined if the read-write lock <I>rwlock</I> is not
held by the calling thread.
</P>
<P>If this function is called to release a read lock from the
read-write lock object and there are other read locks currently held
on this read-write lock object, the read-write lock object remains in
the read locked state. If this function releases the last read lock
for this read-write lock object, the read-write lock object shall be
put in the unlocked state with no owners.
</P>
<P>If this function is called to release a write lock for this
read-write lock object, the read-write lock object shall be put in
the unlocked state.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-win32</B> does not prefer either writers or readers in
acquiring the lock – all threads enter a single prioritised FIFO
queue. While this may not be optimally efficient for some
applications, it does ensure that one type does not starve the other.</P>
<P>Results are undefined if any of these functions are called with an
uninitialized read-write lock.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_READER_WRITER_LOCKS</B> in
pthread.h as 200112L to indicate that the reader/writer routines are
implemented and may be used.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>If successful, the <B>pthread_rwlock_unlock</B> function shall
return zero; otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate
the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_unlock</B> function may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD>
The value specified by <I>rwlock</I> does not refer to an
initialized read-write lock object.
</DD><DD STYLE="margin-left: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<BR><BR>
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_rwlock_unlock</B> function shall not return an error
code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_init.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_rdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_rdlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_rdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_wrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_trywrlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_wrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_wrlock</B>(3)</A>
, the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<TITLE>&quot;PTHREAD_RWLOCK_TRYWRLOCK&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="OpenOffice.org 1.1.3 (Linux)">
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_rwlock_trywrlock, pthread_rwlock_wrlock - lock a
read-write lock object for writing
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_rwlock_trywrlock(pthread_rwlock_t <I>*</I></B><I>rwlock</I><B>);
<BR>int pthread_rwlock_wrlock(pthread_rwlock_t <I>*</I></B><I>rwlock</I><B>);
</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_trywrlock</B> function shall apply a write
lock like the <B>pthread_rwlock_wrlock</B> function, with the
exception that the function shall fail if any thread currently holds
<I>rwlock</I> (for reading or writing).
</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_wrlock</B> function shall apply a write lock
to the read-write lock referenced by <I>rwlock</I>. The calling
thread acquires the write lock if no other thread (reader or writer)
holds the read-write lock <I>rwlock</I>. Otherwise, the thread shall
block until it can acquire the lock. The calling thread may deadlock
if at the time the call is made it holds the read-write lock (whether
a read or write lock).
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-win32</B> does not prefer either writers or readers in
acquiring the lock – all threads enter a single prioritised FIFO
queue. While this may not be optimally efficient for some
applications, it does ensure that one type does not starve the other.</P>
<P>Results are undefined if any of these functions are called with an
uninitialized read-write lock.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_READER_WRITER_LOCKS</B> in
pthread.h as 200112L to indicate that the reader/writer routines are
implemented and may be used.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_trywrlock</B> function shall return zero if
the lock for writing on the read-write lock object referenced by
<I>rwlock</I> is acquired. Otherwise, an error number shall be
returned to indicate the error.
</P>
<P>If successful, the <B>pthread_rwlock_wrlock</B> function shall
return zero; otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate
the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlock_trywrlock</B> function shall fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EBUSY</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The read-write lock could not be acquired for writing because it was
already locked for reading or writing.
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_rwlock_trywrlock</B> and <B>pthread_rwlock_wrlock</B>
functions may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>rwlock</I> does not refer to an
initialized read-write lock object.
</DD></DL>
<P>
These functions shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>Applications using these functions may be subject to priority
inversion, as discussed in the Base Definitions volume of
IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001, Section 3.285, Priority Inversion.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_init.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_rdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_rdlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_rdlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlock_unlock.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_unlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<TITLE>&quot;PTHREAD_RWLOCKATTR_DESTROY&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="OpenOffice.org 1.1.3 (Linux)">
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_rwlockattr_destroy, pthread_rwlockattr_init - destroy and
initialize the read-write lock attributes object
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_rwlockattr_destroy(pthread_rwlockattr_t <I>*</I></B><I>attr</I><B>);
<BR>int pthread_rwlockattr_init(pthread_rwlockattr_t <I>*</I></B><I>attr</I><B>);
</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlockattr_destroy</B> function shall destroy a
read-write lock attributes object. A destroyed <I>attr</I> attributes
object can be reinitialized using <B>pthread_rwlockattr_init</B> ;
the results of otherwise referencing the object after it has been
destroyed are undefined. An implementation may cause
<B>pthread_rwlockattr_destroy</B> to set the object referenced by
<I>attr</I> to an invalid value.
</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlockattr_init</B> function shall initialize a
read-write lock attributes object <I>attr</I> with the default value
for all of the attributes defined by the implementation.
</P>
<P>Results are undefined if <B>pthread_rwlockattr_init</B> is called
specifying an already initialized <I>attr</I> attributes object.
</P>
<P>After a read-write lock attributes object has been used to
initialize one or more read-write locks, any function affecting the
attributes object (including destruction) shall not affect any
previously initialized read-write locks.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_READER_WRITER_LOCKS</B> in
pthread.h as 200112L to indicate that the reader/writer routines are
implemented and may be used.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>If successful, the <B>pthread_rwlockattr_destroy</B> and
<B>pthread_rwlockattr_init</B> functions shall return zero;
otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlockattr_destroy</B> function may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>attr</I> is invalid.
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_rwlockattr_init</B> function shall fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>ENOMEM</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
Insufficient memory exists to initialize the read-write lock
attributes object.
</DD></DL>
<P>
These functions shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_init.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared.html"><B>pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared.html"><B>pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared, pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared - get
and set the process-shared attribute of the read-write lock
attributes object
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared(const pthread_rwlockattr_t *
restrict </B><I>attr</I><B>, int *restrict</B> <I>pshared</I><B>);
<BR>int pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared(pthread_rwlockattr_t <I>*</I></B><I>attr</I><B>,
int</B> <I>pshared</I><B>); </B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared</B> function shall obtain the
value of the <I>process-shared</I> attribute from the initialized
attributes object referenced by <I>attr</I>. The
<B>pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared</B> function shall set the
<I>process-shared</I> attribute in an initialized attributes object
referenced by <I>attr</I>.
</P>
<P>The <I>process-shared</I> attribute shall be set to
<B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B> to permit a read-write lock to be
operated upon by any thread that has access to the memory where the
read-write lock is allocated, even if the read-write lock is
allocated in memory that is shared by multiple processes. If the
<I>process-shared</I> attribute is <B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE</B>,
the read-write lock shall only be operated upon by threads created
within the same process as the thread that initialized the read-write
lock; if threads of differing processes attempt to operate on such a
read-write lock, the behavior is undefined. The default value of the
<I>process-shared</I> attribute shall be <B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE</B>.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B> in
pthread.h as -1 to indicate that these routines are implemented but
they do not support the process shared option.</P>
<P>Additional attributes, their default values, and the names of the
associated functions to get and set those attribute values are
implementation-defined.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_READER_WRITER_LOCKS</B> in
pthread.h as 200112L to indicate that the reader/writer routines are
implemented and may be used.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>Upon successful completion, the <B>pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared</B>
function shall return zero and store the value of the <I>process-shared</I>
attribute of <I>attr</I> into the object referenced by the <I>pshared</I>
parameter. Otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate
the error.
</P>
<P>If successful, the <B>pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared</B> function
shall return zero; otherwise, an error number shall be returned to
indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared</B> and
<B>pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared</B> functions may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>attr</I> is invalid.
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared</B> function may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The new value specified for the attribute is outside the range of
legal values for that attribute.
</DD><DT>
<B>ENOTSUP</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The new value specified for the attribute is <B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B>.
</DD></DL>
<P>
These functions shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_rwlock_init.html"><B>pthread_rwlock_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlockattr_init.html"><B>pthread_rwlockattr_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_rwlockattr_init.html"><B>pthread_rwlockattr_init</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_self - return identifier of current thread
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>pthread_t pthread_self(void);</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_self</B> return the thread identifier for the calling
thread.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> also provides support for <B>Win32</B> native
threads to interact with POSIX threads through the pthreads API.
Whereas all threads created via a call to pthread_create have a POSIX
thread ID and thread state, the library ensures that any Win32 native
threads that interact through the Pthreads API also generate a POSIX
thread ID and thread state when and if necessary. This provides full
<SPAN LANG="en-GB">reciprocity</SPAN> between Win32 and POSIX
threads. Win32 native threads that generate a POSIX thread ID and
state are treated by the library as having been created with the
<B>PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED</B> attribute.</P>
<P>Any Win32 native thread may call <B>pthread_self</B> directly to
return it's POSIX thread identifier. The ID and state will be
generated if it does not already exist. Win32 native threads do not
need to call <B>pthread_self</B> before calling Pthreads-w32 routines
unless that routine requires a pthread_t parameter.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_equal.html"><B>pthread_equal</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_join.html"><B>pthread_join</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_detach.html"><B>pthread_detach</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_setschedparam.html"><B>pthread_setschedparam</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_setschedparam.html"><B>pthread_getschedparam</B>(3)</A>
.
</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Author</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">See Also</A>
</P>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_cancel, pthread_setcancelstate, pthread_setcanceltype,
pthread_testcancel - thread cancellation
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_cancel(pthread_t </B><I>thread</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_setcancelstate(int </B><I>state</I><B>, int
*</B><I>oldstate</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_setcanceltype(int </B><I>type</I><B>, int
*</B><I>oldtype</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>void pthread_testcancel(void);</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>Cancellation is the mechanism by which a thread can terminate the
execution of another thread. More precisely, a thread can send a
cancellation request to another thread. Depending on its settings,
the target thread can then either ignore the request, honor it
immediately, or defer it until it reaches a cancellation point.
</P>
<P>When a thread eventually honors a cancellation request, it
performs as if <B>pthread_exit(PTHREAD_CANCELED)</B> has been called
at that point: all cleanup handlers are executed in reverse order,
destructor functions for thread-specific data are called, and finally
the thread stops executing with the return value <B>PTHREAD_CANCELED</B>.
See <A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B>(3)</A> for more
information.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_cancel</B> sends a cancellation request to the thread
denoted by the <I>thread</I> argument.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_setcancelstate</B> changes the cancellation state for
the calling thread -- that is, whether cancellation requests are
ignored or not. The <I>state</I> argument is the new cancellation
state: either <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE</B> to enable cancellation, or
<B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE</B> to disable cancellation (cancellation
requests are ignored). If <I>oldstate</I> is not <B>NULL</B>, the
previous cancellation state is stored in the location pointed to by
<I>oldstate</I>, and can thus be restored later by another call to
<B>pthread_setcancelstate</B>.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_setcanceltype</B> changes the type of responses to
cancellation requests for the calling thread: asynchronous
(immediate) or deferred. The <I>type</I> argument is the new
cancellation type: either <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS</B> to
cancel the calling thread as soon as the cancellation request is
received, or <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_DEFERRED</B> to keep the cancellation
request pending until the next cancellation point. If <I>oldtype</I>
is not <B>NULL</B>, the previous cancellation state is stored in the
location pointed to by <I>oldtype</I>, and can thus be restored later
by another call to <B>pthread_setcanceltype</B>.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> provides two levels of support for
<B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS</B>: full and partial. Full support
requires an additional DLL and driver be installed on the Windows
system (see the See Also section below) that allows blocked threads
to be cancelled immediately. Partial support means that the target
thread will not cancel until it resumes execution naturally. Partial
support is provided if either the DLL or the driver are not
automatically detected by the pthreads-w32 library at run-time.</P>
<P>Threads are always created by <A HREF="pthread_create.html"><B>pthread_create</B>(3)</A>
with cancellation enabled and deferred. That is, the initial
cancellation state is <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE</B> and the initial
type is <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_DEFERRED</B>.
</P>
<P>Cancellation points are those points in the program execution
where a test for pending cancellation requests is performed and
cancellation is executed if positive. The following POSIX threads
functions are cancellation points:
</P>
<P><A HREF="pthread_join.html"><B>pthread_join</B>(3)</A>
<BR><A HREF="pthread_cond_wait.html"><B>pthread_cond_wait</B>(3)</A>
<BR><A HREF="pthread_cond_timedwait.html"><B>pthread_cond_timedwait</B>(3)</A>
<BR><A HREF="pthread_testcancel.html"><B>pthread_testcancel</B>(3)</A>
<BR><A HREF="sem_wait.html"><B>sem_wait</B>(3)</A> <BR><A HREF="sem_timedwait.html"><B>sem_timedwait</B>(3)</A>
<BR><A HREF="sigwait.html"><B>sigwait</B>(3)</A> (not supported under
<B>Pthreads-w32</B>)</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> provides two functions to enable additional
cancellation points to be created in user functions that block on
Win32 HANDLEs:</P>
<P><A HREF="pthreadCancelableWait.html">pthreadCancelableWait()</A>
<BR><A HREF="pthreadCancelableTimedWait.html">pthreadCancelableTimedWait()</A></P>
<P>All other POSIX threads functions are guaranteed not to be
cancellation points. That is, they never perform cancellation in
deferred cancellation mode.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_testcancel</B> does nothing except testing for pending
cancellation and executing it. Its purpose is to introduce explicit
checks for cancellation in long sequences of code that do not call
cancellation point functions otherwise.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_cancel</B>, <B>pthread_setcancelstate</B> and
<B>pthread_setcanceltype</B> return 0 on success and a non-zero error
code on error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_cancel</B> returns the following error code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>ESRCH</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
no thread could be found corresponding to that specified by the
<I>thread</I> ID.
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
<B>pthread_setcancelstate</B> returns the following error code on
error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
the <I>state</I> argument is not
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE</B> nor <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE</B>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><B>pthread_setcanceltype</B> returns the following error code on
error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
the <I>type</I> argument is not
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_DEFERRED</B> nor <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS</B>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_cleanup_push.html"><B>pthread_cleanup_push</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_cleanup_pop.html"><B>pthread_cleanup_pop</B>(3)</A>
, Pthreads-w32 package README file 'Prerequisites' section.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Bugs</A></H2>
<P>POSIX specifies that a number of system calls (basically, all
system calls that may block, such as <A HREF="read.html"><B>read</B>(2)</A>
, <A HREF="write.html"><B>write</B>(2)</A> , <A HREF="wait.html"><B>wait</B>(2)</A>
, etc.) and library functions that may call these system calls (e.g.
<A HREF="fprintf.html"><B>fprintf</B>(3)</A> ) are cancellation
points. <B>Pthreads-win32</B> is not integrated enough with the C
library to implement this, and thus none of the C library functions
is a cancellation point.
</P>
<P>A workaround for these calls is to temporarily switch to
asynchronous cancellation (assuming full asynchronous cancellation
support is installed). So, checking for cancellation during a <B>read</B>
system call, for instance, can be achieved as follows:
</P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><BR><BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<PRE STYLE="margin-left: 1cm; margin-right: 1cm">pthread_setcanceltype(PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS, &amp;oldCancelType);
read(fd, buffer, length);
pthread_setcanceltype(oldCancelType, NULL);</PRE>
<HR>
<BLOCKQUOTE><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></BLOCKQUOTE>
<UL>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Author</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">See
Also</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Bugs</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</UL>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_cancel, pthread_setcancelstate, pthread_setcanceltype,
pthread_testcancel - thread cancellation
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_cancel(pthread_t </B><I>thread</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_setcancelstate(int </B><I>state</I><B>, int
*</B><I>oldstate</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_setcanceltype(int </B><I>type</I><B>, int
*</B><I>oldtype</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>void pthread_testcancel(void);</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>Cancellation is the mechanism by which a thread can terminate the
execution of another thread. More precisely, a thread can send a
cancellation request to another thread. Depending on its settings,
the target thread can then either ignore the request, honor it
immediately, or defer it until it reaches a cancellation point.
</P>
<P>When a thread eventually honors a cancellation request, it
performs as if <B>pthread_exit(PTHREAD_CANCELED)</B> has been called
at that point: all cleanup handlers are executed in reverse order,
destructor functions for thread-specific data are called, and finally
the thread stops executing with the return value <B>PTHREAD_CANCELED</B>.
See <A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B>(3)</A> for more
information.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_cancel</B> sends a cancellation request to the thread
denoted by the <I>thread</I> argument.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_setcancelstate</B> changes the cancellation state for
the calling thread -- that is, whether cancellation requests are
ignored or not. The <I>state</I> argument is the new cancellation
state: either <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE</B> to enable cancellation, or
<B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE</B> to disable cancellation (cancellation
requests are ignored). If <I>oldstate</I> is not <B>NULL</B>, the
previous cancellation state is stored in the location pointed to by
<I>oldstate</I>, and can thus be restored later by another call to
<B>pthread_setcancelstate</B>.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_setcanceltype</B> changes the type of responses to
cancellation requests for the calling thread: asynchronous
(immediate) or deferred. The <I>type</I> argument is the new
cancellation type: either <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS</B> to
cancel the calling thread as soon as the cancellation request is
received, or <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_DEFERRED</B> to keep the cancellation
request pending until the next cancellation point. If <I>oldtype</I>
is not <B>NULL</B>, the previous cancellation state is stored in the
location pointed to by <I>oldtype</I>, and can thus be restored later
by another call to <B>pthread_setcanceltype</B>.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> provides two levels of support for
<B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS</B>: full and partial. Full support
requires an additional DLL and driver be installed on the Windows
system (see the See Also section below) that allows blocked threads
to be cancelled immediately. Partial support means that the target
thread will not cancel until it resumes execution naturally. Partial
support is provided if either the DLL or the driver are not
automatically detected by the pthreads-w32 library at run-time.</P>
<P>Threads are always created by <A HREF="pthread_create.html"><B>pthread_create</B>(3)</A>
with cancellation enabled and deferred. That is, the initial
cancellation state is <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE</B> and the initial
type is <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_DEFERRED</B>.
</P>
<P>Cancellation points are those points in the program execution
where a test for pending cancellation requests is performed and
cancellation is executed if positive. The following POSIX threads
functions are cancellation points:
</P>
<P><A HREF="pthread_join.html"><B>pthread_join</B>(3)</A>
<BR><A HREF="pthread_cond_wait.html"><B>pthread_cond_wait</B>(3)</A>
<BR><A HREF="pthread_cond_timedwait.html"><B>pthread_cond_timedwait</B>(3)</A>
<BR><A HREF="pthread_testcancel.html"><B>pthread_testcancel</B>(3)</A>
<BR><A HREF="sem_wait.html"><B>sem_wait</B>(3)</A> <BR><A HREF="sem_timedwait.html"><B>sem_timedwait</B>(3)</A>
<BR><A HREF="sigwait.html"><B>sigwait</B>(3)</A> (not supported under
<B>Pthreads-w32</B>)</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> provides two functions to enable additional
cancellation points to be created in user functions that block on
Win32 HANDLEs:</P>
<P><A HREF="pthreadCancelableWait.html">pthreadCancelableWait()</A>
<BR><A HREF="pthreadCancelableTimedWait.html">pthreadCancelableTimedWait()</A></P>
<P>All other POSIX threads functions are guaranteed not to be
cancellation points. That is, they never perform cancellation in
deferred cancellation mode.
</P>
<P><B>pthread_testcancel</B> does nothing except testing for pending
cancellation and executing it. Its purpose is to introduce explicit
checks for cancellation in long sequences of code that do not call
cancellation point functions otherwise.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_cancel</B>, <B>pthread_setcancelstate</B> and
<B>pthread_setcanceltype</B> return 0 on success and a non-zero error
code on error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_cancel</B> returns the following error code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>ESRCH</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
no thread could be found corresponding to that specified by the
<I>thread</I> ID.
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
<B>pthread_setcancelstate</B> returns the following error code on
error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
the <I>state</I> argument is not
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ENABLE</B> nor <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_DISABLE</B>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><B>pthread_setcanceltype</B> returns the following error code on
error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
the <I>type</I> argument is not
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_DEFERRED</B> nor <B>PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS</B>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_exit.html"><B>pthread_exit</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_cleanup_push.html"><B>pthread_cleanup_push</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_cleanup_pop.html"><B>pthread_cleanup_pop</B>(3)</A>
, Pthreads-w32 package README file 'Prerequisites' section.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Bugs</A></H2>
<P>POSIX specifies that a number of system calls (basically, all
system calls that may block, such as <A HREF="read.html"><B>read</B>(2)</A>
, <A HREF="write.html"><B>write</B>(2)</A> , <A HREF="wait.html"><B>wait</B>(2)</A>
, etc.) and library functions that may call these system calls (e.g.
<A HREF="fprintf.html"><B>fprintf</B>(3)</A> ) are cancellation
points. <B>Pthreads-win32</B> is not integrated enough with the C
library to implement this, and thus none of the C library functions
is a cancellation point.
</P>
<P>A workaround for these calls is to temporarily switch to
asynchronous cancellation (assuming full asynchronous cancellation
support is installed). So, checking for cancellation during a <B>read</B>
system call, for instance, can be achieved as follows:
</P>
<BLOCKQUOTE><BR><BR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<PRE STYLE="margin-left: 1cm; margin-right: 1cm">pthread_setcanceltype(PTHREAD_CANCEL_ASYNCHRONOUS, &amp;oldCancelType);
read(fd, buffer, length);
pthread_setcanceltype(oldCancelType, NULL);</PRE>
<HR>
<BLOCKQUOTE><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></BLOCKQUOTE>
<UL>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Author</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">See
Also</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<LI><BLOCKQUOTE><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Bugs</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</UL>
</BODY>
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<TITLE>&quot;PTHREAD_GETCONCURRENCY&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_getconcurrency, pthread_setconcurrency - get and set the
level of concurrency
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_getconcurrency(void);</B> <BR><B>int
pthread_setconcurrency(int</B> <I>new_level</I><B>); </B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>Unbound threads in a process may or may not be required to be
simultaneously active. By default, the threads implementation ensures
that a sufficient number of threads are active so that the process
can continue to make progress. While this conserves system resources,
it may not produce the most effective level of concurrency.
</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_setconcurrency</B> function allows an application
to inform the threads implementation of its desired concurrency
level, <I>new_level</I>. The actual level of concurrency provided by
the implementation as a result of this function call is unspecified.
</P>
<P>If <I>new_level</I> is zero, it causes the implementation to
maintain the concurrency level at its discretion as if
<B>pthread_setconcurrency</B> had never been called.
</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_getconcurrency</B> function shall return the value
set by a previous call to the <B>pthread_setconcurrency</B> function.
If the <B>pthread_setconcurrency</B> function was not previously
called, this function shall return zero to indicate that the
implementation is maintaining the concurrency level.
</P>
<P>A call to <B>pthread_setconcurrency</B> shall inform the
implementation of its desired concurrency level. The implementation
shall use this as a hint, not a requirement.
</P>
<P>If an implementation does not support multiplexing of user threads
on top of several kernel-scheduled entities, the
<B>pthread_setconcurrency</B> and <B>pthread_getconcurrency</B>
functions are provided for source code compatibility but they shall
have no effect when called. To maintain the function semantics, the
<I>new_level</I> parameter is saved when <B>pthread_setconcurrency</B>
is called so that a subsequent call to <B>pthread_getconcurrency</B>
shall return the same value.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> provides these routines for source code
compatibility only, as described in the previous paragraph.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>If successful, the <B>pthread_setconcurrency</B> function shall
return zero; otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate
the error.
</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_getconcurrency</B> function shall always return the
concurrency level set by a previous call to <B>pthread_setconcurrency</B>
. If the <B>pthread_setconcurrency</B> function has never been
called, <B>pthread_getconcurrency</B> shall return zero.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_setconcurrency</B> function shall fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD>
The value specified by <I>new_level</I> is negative.
</DD><DT>
<B>EAGAIN</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specific by <I>new_level</I> would cause a system resource
to be exceeded.
</DD></DL>
<P>
These functions shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>Use of these functions changes the state of the underlying
concurrency upon which the application depends. Library developers
are advised to not use the <B>pthread_getconcurrency</B> and
<B>pthread_setconcurrency</B> functions since their use may conflict
with an applications use of these functions.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P>The Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_setschedparam, pthread_getschedparam - control thread
scheduling
</P>
<P>parameters
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_setschedparam(pthread_t </B><I>target_thread</I><B>,
int </B><I>policy</I><B>, const struct sched_param *</B><I>param</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_getschedparam(pthread_t </B><I>target_thread</I><B>,
int *</B><I>policy</I><B>, struct sched_param *</B><I>param</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_setschedparam</B> sets the scheduling parameters for
the thread <I>target_thread</I> as indicated by <I>policy</I> and
<I>param</I>. <I>policy</I> can be either <B>SCHED_OTHER</B>
(regular, non-real-time scheduling), <B>SCHED_RR</B> (real-time,
round-robin) or <B>SCHED_FIFO</B> (real-time, first-in first-out).
<I>param</I> specifies the scheduling priority for the two real-time
policies.</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> only supports SCHED_OTHER and does not support
the real-time scheduling policies <B>SCHED_RR</B> and <B>SCHED_FIFO.</B>
</P>
<P><B>pthread_getschedparam</B> retrieves the scheduling policy and
scheduling parameters for the thread <I>target_thread</I> and stores
them in the locations pointed to by <I>policy</I> and <I>param</I>,
respectively.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_setschedparam</B> and <B>pthread_getschedparam</B>
return 0 on success and a non-zero error code on error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>On error, <B>pthread_setschedparam</B> returns the following error
codes:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>ENOTSUP</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<I>policy</I> is not <B>SCHED_OTHER.</B></DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
One of the arguments is invalid, or the priority value specified by
<I>param</I> is not valid for the specified policy.</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<B>ESRCH</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The <I>target_thread</I> is invalid or has already terminated
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
On error, <B>pthread_getschedparam</B> returns the following error
codes:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>ESRCH</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
the <I>target_thread</I> is invalid or has already terminated
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<H2>
<A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="sched_setscheduler.html"><B>sched_setscheduler</B>(2)</A>
, <A HREF="sched_getscheduler.html"><B>sched_getscheduler</B>(2)</A>
, <A HREF="sched_getparam.html"><B>sched_getparam</B>(2)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_setschedpolicy</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_attr_init.html"><B>pthread_attr_setschedparam</B>(3)</A>
.
</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Author</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">See Also</A>
</P>
</UL>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_spin_destroy, pthread_spin_init - destroy or initialize a
spin lock object (<B>ADVANCED REALTIME THREADS</B>)
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>pthread_spinlock_t</B> <I>lock</I> <B>=
PTHREAD_SPINLOCK_INITIALIZER;</B></P>
<P><B>int pthread_spin_destroy(pthread_spinlock_t *</B><I>lock</I><B>);
<BR>int pthread_spin_init(pthread_spinlock_t *</B><I>lock</I><B>, int</B>
<I>pshared</I><B>); </B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_spin_destroy</B> function shall destroy the spin
lock referenced by <I>lock</I> and release any resources used by the
lock. The effect of subsequent use of the lock is undefined until the
lock is reinitialized by another call to <B>pthread_spin_init</B> .
The results are undefined if <B>pthread_spin_destroy</B> is called
when a thread holds the lock, or if this function is called with an
uninitialized thread spin lock.
</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_spin_init</B> function shall allocate any resources
required to use the spin lock referenced by <I>lock</I> and
initialize the lock to an unlocked state.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> supports single and multiple processor systems
as well as process CPU affinity masking by checking the mask when the
spin lock is initialized. If the process is using only a single
processor at the time <B>pthread_spin_init</B> is called then the
spin lock is initialized as a PTHREAD_MUTEX_NORMAL mutex object. A
thread that calls <A HREF="pthread_spin_lock.html"><B>pthread_spin_lock(3)</B></A>
will block rather than spin in this case. If the process CPU affinity
mask is altered after the spin lock has been initialised, the spin
lock is not modified, and may no longer be optimal for the number of
CPUs available.</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> defines <B>_POSIX_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B> in
pthread.h as -1 to indicate that these routines do not support the
<B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED</B> attribute. <B>pthread_spin_init</B>
will return the error <B>ENOTSUP</B> if the value of <I>pshared</I>
is not <B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE</B>.</P>
<P>The results are undefined if <B>pthread_spin_init</B> is called
specifying an already initialized spin lock. The results are
undefined if a spin lock is used without first being initialized.
</P>
<P>If the <B>pthread_spin_init</B> function fails, the lock is not
initialized and the contents of <I>lock</I> are undefined.
</P>
<P>Only the object referenced by <I>lock</I> may be used for
performing synchronization.
</P>
<P>The result of referring to copies of that object in calls to
<B>pthread_spin_destroy</B> , <A HREF="pthread_spin_lock.html"><B>pthread_spin_lock</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_spin_lock.html"><B>pthread_spin_trylock</B>(3)</A>,
or <A HREF="pthread_spin_unlock.html"><B>pthread_spin_unlock</B>(3)</A>
is undefined.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> supports statically initialized spin locks
using <B>PTHREAD_SPINLOCK_INITIALIZER</B>. An application should
still call <B>pthread_spin_destroy</B> at some point to ensure that
any resources consumed by the spin lock are released.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>Upon successful completion, these functions shall return zero;
otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>These functions may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EBUSY</B>
</DT><DD>
The implementation has detected an attempt to initialize or destroy
a spin lock while it is in use (for example, while being used in a
<A HREF="pthread_spin_lock.html"><B>pthread_spin_lock</B>(3)</A>
call) by another thread.
</DD><DT>
<B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>lock</I> is invalid.
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_spin_init</B> function shall fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>ENOTSUP</B>
</DT><DD>
The value of <I>pshared</I> is not <B>PTHREAD_PROCESS_PRIVATE</B>.</DD><DT>
<B>ENOMEM</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
Insufficient memory exists to initialize the lock.
</DD></DL>
<P>
These functions shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_spin_destroy</B> and <B>pthread_spin_init</B>
functions are part of the Spin Locks option and need not be provided
on all implementations.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_spin_lock.html"><B>pthread_spin_lock</B>(3)</A> <B>,</B>
<A HREF="pthread_spin_unlock.html"><B>pthread_spin_unlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<TITLE>&quot;PTHREAD_SPIN_LOCK&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="OpenOffice.org 1.1.3 (Linux)">
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_spin_lock, pthread_spin_trylock - lock a spin lock object
(<B>ADVANCED REALTIME THREADS</B>)
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_spin_lock(pthread_spinlock_t *</B><I>lock</I><B>);
<BR>int pthread_spin_trylock(pthread_spinlock_t *</B><I>lock</I><B>);
</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_spin_lock</B> function shall lock the spin lock
referenced by <I>lock</I>. The calling thread shall acquire the lock
if it is not held by another thread. Otherwise, the thread shall spin
(that is, shall not return from the <B>pthread_spin_lock</B> call)
until the lock becomes available. The results are undefined if the
calling thread holds the lock at the time the call is made.</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> supports single and multiple processor systems
as well as process CPU affinity masking by checking the mask when the
spin lock is initialized. If the process is using only a single
processor at the time <A HREF="pthread_spin_init.html"><B>pthread_spin_init</B>(3)</A>
is called then the spin lock is initialized as a PTHREAD_MUTEX_NORMAL
mutex object. A thread that calls <B>pthread_spin_lock</B> will block
rather than spin in this case. If the process CPU affinity mask is
altered after the spin lock has been initialised, the spin lock is
not modified, and may no longer be optimal for the number of CPUs
available.</P>
<P>The <B>pthread_spin_trylock</B> function shall lock the spin lock
referenced by <I>lock</I> if it is not held by any thread. Otherwise,
the function shall fail.
</P>
<P>The results are undefined if any of these functions is called with
an uninitialized spin lock.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>Upon successful completion, these functions shall return zero;
otherwise, an error number shall be returned to indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>These functions may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value specified by <I>lock</I> does not refer to an initialized
spin lock object.
</DD></DL>
<P>
The <B>pthread_spin_trylock</B> function shall fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EBUSY</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
A thread currently holds the lock.
</DD></DL>
<P>
These functions shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>Applications using this function may be subject to priority
inversion, as discussed in the Base Definitions volume of
IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001, Section 3.285, Priority Inversion.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_spin_init.html"><B>pthread_spin_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_spin_unlock.html"><B>pthread_spin_unlock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
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<META HTTP-EQUIV="CONTENT-TYPE" CONTENT="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<TITLE>&quot;PTHREAD_SPIN_UNLOCK&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="OpenOffice.org 1.1.3 (Linux)">
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>pthread_spin_unlock - unlock a spin lock object (<B>ADVANCED
REALTIME THREADS</B>)
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int pthread_spin_unlock(pthread_spinlock_t *</B><I>lock</I><B>);
</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_spin_unlock</B> function shall release the spin
lock referenced by <I>lock</I> which was locked via the
<A HREF="pthread_spin_lock.html"><B>pthread_spin_lock</B>(3)</A> or
<A HREF="pthread_spin_lock.html"><B>pthread_spin_trylock</B>(3)</A>
functions. If there are threads spinning on the lock when
<B>pthread_spin_unlock</B> is called, the lock becomes available and
an unspecified spinning thread shall acquire the lock.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> does not check ownership of the lock and it is
therefore possible for a thread other than the locker to unlock the
spin lock. This is not a feature that should be exploited.</P>
<P>The results are undefined if this function is called with an
uninitialized thread spin lock.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>Upon successful completion, the <B>pthread_spin_unlock</B>
function shall return zero; otherwise, an error number shall be
returned to indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_spin_unlock</B> function may fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD>
An invalid argument was specified.
</DD><DD STYLE="margin-left: -2cm">
<BR>
</DD></DL>
<P>
This function shall not return an error code of [EINTR].
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> does not check ownership of the lock and it is
therefore possible for a thread other than the locker to unlock the
spin lock. This is not a feature that should be exploited.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_spin_init.html"><B>pthread_spin_destroy</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="pthread_spin_lock.html"><B>pthread_spin_lock</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;pthread.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<TITLE>PTHREAD_TIMECHANGE_HANDLER_NP manual page</TITLE>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P STYLE="font-weight: medium">pthread_timechange_handler_np –
alert timed waiting condition variables to system time changes.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>void * pthread_timechange_handler_np(void * </B><I>dummy</I><B>);</B></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>To improve tolerance against operator or time service initiated
system clock changes.</P>
<P><B>pthread_timechange_handler_np </B>can be called by an
application when it receives a WM_TIMECHANGE message from the system.
At present it broadcasts all condition variables so that waiting
threads can wake up and re-evaluate their conditions and restart
their timed waits if required.</P>
<P><B>pthread_timechange_handler_np </B>has the same return type and
argument type as a thread routine so that it may be called directly
through pthread_create(), i.e. as a separate thread. If run as a
thread, the return code must be retrieved through <A HREF="pthread_join.html"><B>pthread_join</B>()</A>.</P>
<P>Although the <I>dummy</I> parameter is required it is not used and
any value including NULL can be given.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Cancellation</A></H2>
<P>None.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4"><FONT COLOR="#000080">Return Value</FONT></A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_timechange_handler_np</B> returns 0 on success, or an
error code.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>pthread_timechange_handler_np</B> function returns the
following error code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EAGAIN</B>
</DT></DL>
</DL>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm; margin-bottom: 0cm">
To indicate that not all condition variables were signalled for some
reason.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Author</A></H2>
<P>Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Cancellation</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Author</A>
</P>
</UL>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P STYLE="font-weight: medium">pthread_win32_process_attach_np,
pthread_win32_process_detach_np, pthread_win32_thread_attach_np,
pthread_win32_thread_detach_np – exposed versions of the
pthreads-w32 DLL dllMain() switch functionality for use when
statically linking the library.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>BOOL pthread_win32_process_attach_np (void);</B></P>
<P><B>BOOL pthread_win32_process_detach_np (void);</B></P>
<P><B>BOOL pthread_win32_thread_attach_np (void);</B></P>
<P><B>BOOL pthread_win32_thread_detach_np (void);</B></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>These functions contain the code normally run via <b>dllMain</b>
when the library is used as a dll but which need to be called
explicitly by an application when the library is statically linked. As of version 2.9.0, the static library built using either MSC or GCC includes RT hooks which will call the pthread_win32_process_*_np routines automatically on start/exit of the application.</P>
<P>You will need to call <B>pthread_win32_process_attach_np</B>
before you can call any pthread routines when statically linking. You
should call <B>pthread_win32_process_detach_np</B> before exiting
your application to clean up.</P>
<P><B>pthread_win32_thread_attach_np</B> is currently a no-op, but
<B>pthread_win32_thread_detach_np</B> is needed to clean up the
implicit pthread handle that is allocated to a Win32 thread if it
calls certain pthreads routines. Call this routine when the Win32
thread exits.</P>
<P>These functions invariably return TRUE except for
<B>pthread_win32_process_attach_np</B> which will return FALSE if
pthreads-w32 initialisation fails.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Cancellation</A></H2>
<P>None.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4"><FONT COLOR="#000080">Return Value</FONT></A></H2>
<P>These routines return TRUE (non-zero) on success, or FALSE (0) if
they fail.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Errors</A></H2>
<P>None.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Author</A></H2>
<P>Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Cancellation</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Author</A>
</P>
</UL>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P STYLE="font-weight: medium">pthread_win32_test_features_np –
find out what features were detected at process attach time.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;pthread.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>BOOL pthread_win32_test_features_np(int</B> <I>mask</I><B>);</B></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_win32_test_features_np</B> allows an application to
check which run-time auto-detected features are available within the
library.</P>
<P>The possible features are:</P>
<P><B>PTW32_SYSTEM_INTERLOCKED_COMPARE_EXCHANGE</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm">Return TRUE if the Win32 version of
InterlockedCompareExchange() is being used. On IA32 systems the
library can use optimised and inlinable assembler versions of
InterlockedExchange() and InterlockedCompareExchange().</P>
<P><B>PTW32_ALERTABLE_ASYNC_CANCEL</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-left: 2cm">Return TRUE if the QueueUserAPCEx package
QUSEREX.DLL and the AlertDrv.sys driver was detected. This package
provides alertable (pre-emptive) asynchronous threads cancellation.
If this feature returns FALSE then the default async cancel scheme is
in use, which cannot cancel blocked threads.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Cancellation</A></H2>
<P>None.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4"><FONT COLOR="#000080">Return Value</FONT></A></H2>
<P><B>pthread_win32_test_features_np</B> returns TRUE (non-zero) if
the specified feature is present, and FALSE (0) otherwise.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Errors</A></H2>
<P>None.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Author</A></H2>
<P>Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Cancellation</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Author</A>
</P>
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<TITLE>&quot;SCHED_GET_PRIORITY_MAX&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>sched_get_priority_max, sched_get_priority_min - get priority
limits (<B>REALTIME</B>)
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;sched.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int sched_get_priority_max(int</B> <I>policy</I><B>); <BR>int
sched_get_priority_min(int</B> <I>policy</I><B>); </B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>sched_get_priority_max</B> and <B>sched_get_priority_min</B>
functions shall return the appropriate maximum or minimum,
respectively, for the scheduling policy specified by <I>policy</I>.
</P>
<P>The value of <I>policy</I> shall be one of the scheduling policy
values defined in <I>&lt;sched.h&gt;</I>.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>If successful, the <B>sched_get_priority_max</B> and
<B>sched_get_priority_min</B> functions shall return the appropriate
maximum or minimum values, respectively. If unsuccessful, they shall
return a value of -1 and set <I>errno</I> to indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>sched_get_priority_max</B> and <B>sched_get_priority_min</B>
functions shall fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
The value of the <I>policy</I> parameter does not represent a
defined scheduling policy.
</DD></DL>
<P>
<I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="sched_getscheduler.html"><B>sched_getscheduler</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> <A HREF="sched_setscheduler.html"><B>sched_setscheduler</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;sched.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
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<TITLE>&quot;SCHED_GETSCHEDULER&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
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<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>sched_getscheduler - get scheduling policy (<B>REALTIME</B>)
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;sched.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int sched_getscheduler(pid_t</B> <I>pid</I><B>); </B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>sched_getscheduler</B> function shall return the scheduling
policy of the process specified by <I>pid</I>. If the value of <I>pid</I>
is negative, the behavior of the <B>sched_getscheduler</B> function
is unspecified.
</P>
<P>The values that can be returned by <B>sched_getscheduler</B> are
defined in the <I>&lt;sched.h&gt;</I> header.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> only supports the <B>SCHED_OTHER</B> policy,
which is the only value that can be returned. However, checks on <I>pid</I>
and permissions are performed first so that the other useful side
effects of this routine are retained.</P>
<P>If a process specified by <I>pid</I> exists, and if the calling
process has permission, the scheduling policy shall be returned for
the process whose process ID is equal to <I>pid</I>.
</P>
<P>If <I>pid</I> is zero, the scheduling policy shall be returned for
the calling process.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>Upon successful completion, the <B>sched_getscheduler</B> function
shall return the scheduling policy of the specified process. If
unsuccessful, the function shall return -1 and set <I>errno</I> to
indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>sched_getscheduler</B> function shall fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EPERM</B>
</DT><DD>
The requesting process does not have permission to determine the
scheduling policy of the specified process.
</DD><DT>
<B>ESRCH</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
No process can be found corresponding to that specified by <I>pid</I>.
</DD></DL>
<P>
<I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="sched_setscheduler.html"><B>sched_setscheduler</B>(3)</A>
, the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;sched.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
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<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>sched_setscheduler - set scheduling policy and parameters
(<B>REALTIME</B>)
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;sched.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int sched_setscheduler(pid_t</B> <I>pid</I><B>, int</B> <I>policy</I><B>,
const struct sched_param *</B><I>param</I><B>); </B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>sched_setscheduler</B> function shall set the scheduling
policy and scheduling parameters of the process specified by <I>pid</I>
to <I>policy</I> and the parameters specified in the <B>sched_param</B>
structure pointed to by <I>param</I>, respectively. The value of the
<I>sched_priority</I> member in the <B>sched_param</B> structure
shall be any integer within the inclusive priority range for the
scheduling policy specified by <I>policy</I>. If the value of <I>pid</I>
is negative, the behavior of the <B>sched_setscheduler</B> function
is unspecified.
</P>
<P>The possible values for the <I>policy</I> parameter are defined in
the <I>&lt;sched.h&gt;</I> header.
</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> only supports the <B>SCHED_OTHER</B> policy.
Any other value for <I>policy</I> will return failure with errno set
to <B>ENOSYS</B>. However, checks on <I>pid</I> and permissions are
performed first so that the other useful side effects of this routine
are retained.</P>
<P>If a process specified by <I>pid</I> exists, and if the calling
process has permission, the scheduling policy and scheduling
parameters shall be set for the process whose process ID is equal to
<I>pid</I>.
</P>
<P>If <I>pid</I> is zero, the scheduling policy and scheduling
parameters shall be set for the calling process.
</P>
<P>Implementations may require that the requesting process have
permission to set its own scheduling parameters or those of another
process. Additionally, implementation-defined restrictions may apply
as to the appropriate privileges required to set a process’ own
scheduling policy, or another process’ scheduling policy, to a
particular value.
</P>
<P>The <B>sched_setscheduler</B> function shall be considered
successful if it succeeds in setting the scheduling policy and
scheduling parameters of the process specified by <I>pid</I> to the
values specified by <I>policy</I> and the structure pointed to by
<I>param</I>, respectively.
</P>
<P>The effect of this function on individual threads is dependent on
the scheduling contention scope of the threads:
</P>
<DL>
<DT>*
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
For threads with system scheduling contention scope, these functions
shall have no effect on their scheduling.
</DD><DT>
*
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
For threads with process scheduling contention scope, the threads’
scheduling policy and associated parameters shall not be affected.
However, the scheduling of these threads with respect to threads in
other processes may be dependent on the scheduling parameters of
their process, which are governed using these functions.
</DD></DL>
<P>
This function is not atomic with respect to other threads in the
process. Threads may continue to execute while this function call is
in the process of changing the scheduling policy and associated
scheduling parameters for the underlying kernel-scheduled entities
used by the process contention scope threads.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>Upon successful completion, the function shall return the former
scheduling policy of the specified process. If the <B>sched_setscheduler</B>
function fails to complete successfully, the policy and scheduling
parameters shall remain unchanged, and the function shall return a
value of -1 and set <I>errno</I> to indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>sched_setscheduler</B> function shall fail if:
</P>
<DL>
<DT><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD>
The value of the <I>policy</I> parameter is invalid, or one or more
of the parameters contained in <I>param</I> is outside the valid
range for the specified scheduling policy.
</DD><DT>
<B>EPERM</B>
</DT><DD>
The requesting process does not have permission to set either or
both of the scheduling parameters or the scheduling policy of the
specified process.
</DD><DT>
<B>ESRCH</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
No process can be found corresponding to that specified by <I>pid</I>.
</DD></DL>
<P>
<I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="sched_getscheduler.html"><B>sched_getscheduler</B>(3)</A>
<B>,</B> the Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;sched.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<TITLE>&quot;SCHED_YIELD&quot;(P) manual page</TITLE>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="OpenOffice.org 1.1.3 (Linux)">
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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>sched_yield - yield the processor
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;sched.h&gt; </B>
</P>
<P><B>int sched_yield(void);</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>The <B>sched_yield</B> function shall force the running thread to
relinquish the processor until it again becomes the head of its
thread list. It takes no arguments.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>The <B>sched_yield</B> function shall return 0 if it completes
successfully; otherwise, it shall return a value of -1 and set <I>errno</I>
to indicate the error.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Errors</A></H2>
<P>No errors are defined.
</P>
<P><I>The following sections are informative.</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Examples</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Application Usage</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Rationale</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">Future Directions</A></H2>
<P>None.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc9" NAME="sect9">See Also</A></H2>
<P>The Base Definitions volume of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001,
<I>&lt;sched.h&gt;</I>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc10" NAME="sect10">Copyright</A></H2>
<P>Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open
Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the
original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard
can be obtained online at <A HREF="http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html">http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html</A>
.
</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Examples</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Application
Usage</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Rationale</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">Future
Directions</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect9" NAME="toc9">See
Also</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect10" NAME="toc10">Copyright</A>
</P>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>

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<H4>POSIX Threads for Windows – REFERENCE - <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A></H4>
<P><A HREF="index.html">Reference Index</A></P>
<P><A HREF="#toc">Table of Contents</A></P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc0" NAME="sect0">Name</A></H2>
<P>sem_init, sem_wait, sem_trywait, sem_post, sem_getvalue,
sem_destroy - operations on semaphores
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc1" NAME="sect1">Synopsis</A></H2>
<P><B>#include &lt;semaphore.h&gt;</B>
</P>
<P><B>int sem_init(sem_t *</B><I>sem</I><B>, int </B><I>pshared</I><B>,
unsigned int </B><I>value</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int sem_wait(sem_t * </B><I>sem</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int sem_timedwait(sem_t * </B><I>sem</I>, <B>const struct
timespec *</B><I>abstime</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int sem_trywait(sem_t * </B><I>sem</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int sem_post(sem_t * </B><I>sem</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int sem_post_multiple(sem_t * </B><I>sem, </I><B>int</B>
<I>number</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int sem_getvalue(sem_t * </B><I>sem</I><B>, int * </B><I>sval</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<P><B>int sem_destroy(sem_t * </B><I>sem</I><B>);</B>
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc2" NAME="sect2">Description</A></H2>
<P>Semaphores are counters for resources shared between threads. The
basic operations on semaphores are: increment the counter atomically,
and wait until the counter is non-null and decrement it atomically.
</P>
<P><B>sem_init</B> initializes the semaphore object pointed to by
<I>sem</I>. The count associated with the semaphore is set initially
to <I>value</I>. The <I>pshared</I> argument indicates whether the
semaphore is local to the current process ( <I>pshared</I> is zero)
or is to be shared between several processes ( <I>pshared</I> is not
zero).</P>
<P><B>Pthreads-w32</B> currently does not support process-shared
semaphores, thus <B>sem_init</B> always returns with error <B>EPERM</B>
if <I>pshared</I> is not zero.
</P>
<P><B>sem_wait</B> atomically decrements <I>sem</I>'s count if it is
greater than 0 and returns immediately or it suspends the calling
thread until it can resume following a call to <B>sem_post</B> or
<B>sem_post_multiple</B>.</P>
<P><B>sem_timedwait</B> atomically decrements <I>sem</I>'s count if
it is greater than 0 and returns immediately, or it suspends the
calling thread. If <I>abstime</I> time arrives before the thread can
resume following a call to <B>sem_post</B> or <B>sem_post_multiple</B>,
then <B>sem_timedwait</B> returns with a return code of -1 after
having set <B>errno</B> to <B>ETIMEDOUT</B>. If the call can return
without suspending then <I>abstime</I> is not checked.</P>
<P><B>sem_trywait</B> atomically decrements <I>sem</I>'s count if it
is greater than 0 and returns immediately, or it returns immediately
with a return code of -1 after having set <B>errno</B> to <B>EAGAIN</B>.
<B>sem_trywait</B> never blocks.</P>
<P><B>sem_post</B> either releases one thread if there are any
waiting on <I>sem</I>, or it atomically increments <I>sem</I>'s
count.</P>
<P><B>sem_post_multiple</B> either releases multiple threads if there
are any waiting on <I>sem</I> and/or it atomically increases <I>sem</I>'s
count. If there are currently <I>n</I> waiters, where <I>n</I> the
largest number less than or equal to <I>number</I>, then <I>n</I>
waiters are released and <I>sem</I>'s count is incremented by <I>number</I>
minus <I>n</I>.</P>
<P><B>sem_getvalue</B> stores in the location pointed to by <I>sval</I>
the current count of the semaphore <I>sem</I>. In the <B>Pthreads-w32</B>
implementation: if the value returned in <I>sval</I> is greater than
or equal to 0 it was the <I>sem</I>'s count at some point during the
call to <B>sem_getvalue</B>. If the value returned in <I>sval</I> is
less than 0 then it's absolute value represents the number of threads
waiting on <I>sem</I> at some point during the call to <B>sem_getvalue.
</B>POSIX does not require an implementation of <B>sem_getvalue</B>
to return a value in <I>sval</I> that is less than 0, but if it does
then it's absolute value must represent the number of waiters.</P>
<P><B>sem_destroy</B> destroys a semaphore object, freeing the
resources it might hold. No threads should be waiting on the
semaphore at the time <B>sem_destroy</B> is called.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc3" NAME="sect3">Cancellation</A></H2>
<P><B>sem_wait</B> and <B>sem_timedwait</B> are cancellation points.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc4" NAME="sect4">Async-signal Safety</A></H2>
<P>These routines are not async-cancel safe.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc5" NAME="sect5">Return Value</A></H2>
<P>All semaphore functions return 0 on success, or -1 on error in
which case they write an error code in <B>errno</B>.
</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc6" NAME="sect6">Errors</A></H2>
<P>The <B>sem_init</B> function sets <B>errno</B> to the following
codes on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EINVAL</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<I>value</I> exceeds the maximal counter value <B>SEM_VALUE_MAX</B>
</DD><DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
<B>ENOSYS</B>
</DT></DL>
</DL>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 3cm">
<I>pshared</I> is not zero
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>The <B>sem_timedwait</B> function sets <B>errno</B> to the
following error code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>ETIMEDOUT</B>
</DT></DL>
</DL>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 3cm">
if <I>abstime</I> arrives before the waiting thread can resume
following a call to <B>sem_post</B> or <B>sem_post_multiple</B>.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>The <B>sem_trywait</B> function sets <B>errno</B> to the following
error code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EAGAIN</B>
</DT></DL>
</DL>
<BLOCKQUOTE STYLE="margin-left: 3cm">
if the semaphore count is currently 0
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>The <B>sem_post</B> and <B>sem_post_multiple</B> functions set
<B>errno</B> to the following error code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>ERANGE</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
if after incrementing, the semaphore count would exceed
<B>SEM_VALUE_MAX</B> (the semaphore count is left unchanged in this
case)
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<P>
The <B>sem_destroy</B> function sets <B>errno</B> to the following
error code on error:
</P>
<DL>
<DL>
<DT STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm"><B>EBUSY</B>
</DT><DD STYLE="margin-right: 1cm; margin-bottom: 0.5cm">
if some threads are currently blocked waiting on the semaphore.
</DD></DL>
</DL>
<H2>
<A HREF="#toc7" NAME="sect7">Author</A></H2>
<P>Xavier Leroy &lt;Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr&gt;
</P>
<P>Modified by Ross Johnson for use with <A HREF="http://sources.redhat.com/pthreads-win32">Pthreads-w32</A>.</P>
<H2><A HREF="#toc8" NAME="sect8">See Also</A></H2>
<P><A HREF="pthread_mutex_init.html"><B>pthread_mutex_init</B>(3)</A>
, <A HREF="pthread_cond_init.html"><B>pthread_cond_init</B>(3)</A> ,
<A HREF="pthread_cancel.html"><B>pthread_cancel</B>(3)</A> .
</P>
<HR>
<P><A NAME="toc"></A><B>Table of Contents</B></P>
<UL>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect0" NAME="toc0">Name</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect1" NAME="toc1">Synopsis</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect2" NAME="toc2">Description</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect3" NAME="toc3">Cancellation</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect4" NAME="toc4">Async-signal
Safety</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect5" NAME="toc5">Return
Value</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect6" NAME="toc6">Errors</A>
</P>
<LI><P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0cm"><A HREF="#sect7" NAME="toc7">Author</A>
</P>
<LI><P><A HREF="#sect8" NAME="toc8">See Also</A>
</P>
</UL>
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