Minetest Game mod: birthstones

(Based on birthstones Minetest mod by Doc22; textures based on CC-BY-SA work by various authors-- see LICENSE for full credits)

Primary differences from original

Main reasons for fork:

• add more tools
• make changes to code to make use of modern Minetest (such as ore drop string)

Notable issues found in original (see items marked with '!' in "Changes" section for others):

(hopefully these changes get corrected there)

• birthstones were wrong month (see "birthstones list.csv" in etc folder for corrections, though month names are removed in fork)
• now stone_with_opal is generated now (was impossible to get by mining before, apparently)
• crafting block back to 9 gemstones is now possible
• found some code bugs (see exclamation points under "Changes" below)

Other major differences from original

Some major changes were done to make the mod easier to maintain:

• changed to minetest_game's naming scheme for filenames and node/tool names (aliases added for backward compatibility)
• componentized into separate lua files for each category of operations

Changes:

'!' is for bugs in 2012 version that are fixed (as opposed to features that were changed/added) in this fork

• (2017-03-13) textures improved: opal mineral overlay, alexandrite classic block
• (2017-03-13) default block style changed to classic
• (2017-03-13) now uses settings from server's minetest.conf: birthstones_texture_style (can be realistic or classic)
• (2017-03-11) added better classic textures for gems where realistic block is not finished yet
• (2017-03-11) added new texture for emerald: mineral, item
• (2017-03-10) changed sun square emission from 10 to 100
• (2017-03-10) new textures for "white diamond": mineral, item [blend file: octagon beveled all but top and bottom by .12 offset]; for topaz: mineral
• (2017-02-19) new textures for aquamarine: mineral, block, item
• (2017-02-16) Rerendered Alexandrite block&item; new textures for minerals: Alexandrite, Amethyst; collecting hd versions in etc/hd
• (2017-02-16) blend file: completely reworked gem shader (blend version 2)
• (2017-02-15) blend file: connected ID Mask to Image output (in Compositor nodes) for alpha in rendered image
• (2017-02-13) Finished working gem and block textures for Topaz, Alexandrite, Amethyst, made in Blender by expertmm
• (2017-02-13) Made multi-sided Topaz Block (WIP) made in Blender
• (2017-02-13) Made Blender project for gem rendering (see Developer Notes below for usage)
• (2017-02-12) Add farming hoes
• (2017-02-11) Add recipe to create default:diamond from dye:blue + birthstones:diamond for playability (for when other mods like technic need diamonds for things)
• (2017-02-11) Add crafting recipe to convert block back into 9 gems
• (2017-02-11) Add Swords & Shovels
• (2017-02-11) Componentize into separate lua files for each category of operations
• !(2017-02-11) Make opal possible to get: added missing register_on_generated for changing some stone to opal (see oregen.lua)
• !(2017-02-11) Change drop for stone_with_topaz from stone_with_topaz to topaz (apparently this didn't cause an issue since craft method had been used)
• !(2017-02-11) Change drop of ores (to match modern style from default in minetest_game from minetest 0.4.15-git 2017-01), where * below is name:

	-- drop = 'craft "birthstones:*" 1',
	drop = "birthstones:*",

• !(2017-02-11) Block needs better pick to be mined: Changed groups:

	-- groups = {cracky = 3}
	groups = {cracky = 1, level = 3}

• !(2017-02-11) Ore needs better pick to be mined: changed groups.cracky of all from 3 to 1
• (2017-02-11) Changed "* Ore" to "Stone with *" (because why copy other people when you can make sense instead)
• !(2017-02-11) Preliminary step in fixing one-chop axes: changed register_tool time2 and time3 from: [1]=time1-2.0, [2]=2.0-time2, [3]=2.0-time3} to times={[1]=time1/2.0, [2]=time2/2.0, [3]=time3/2.0}
• !(2017-02-10) Removed month from display names to avoid breaking immersion (draws too much attention to the items having a "label") if re-added, months would have to be corrected anyway as follows (in the original mod, alphabetical order instead of actual birthstone month determined month): see etc/birthstones list.csv
• !(2017-02-10) Fixed issue where topaz ore was registered twice (didn't seem to cause problems)
• !(2017-02-10) Capitalized stone name when used within tool display name
• (2017-02-10) Naming changed to match minetest texture&variable naming scheme

    (see changes below, where ^* is capitalized mineral name and * is uncapitalized)
	(aliases added only for backward compatibility--see aliases.lua--doing aliases can be commented in init.lua)
	Files:
		^* TO birthstones_* (ITEM)
		^*_overlay TO birthstones_mineral_* (ORE OVERLAY)
		^*_block TO birthstones_*_block
		*_axe to birthstones_tool_*axe
		*_pick to birthstones_tool_*pick
		^*_block to birthstones_*_block
	Variables:
		birthstones:*ore TO birthstones:stone_with_*
		"birthstones:".. name .. "_pick" TO "birthstones:pick_"..name
		"birthstones:".. name .. "_axe" TO "birthstones:axe_"..name

• (2017-02-10) expertmm fork starting today

Known Issues

• Improve remaining block textures
• Make 8-bit style block textures (using default_diamond_block.png as luminance)
• Make a trm for treasurer (separate mod)
• Make variables based on real hardness values (but allow all birthstones to break the same types of blocks, for playability):
  • #of uses, dig times, and fleshy damage group value now all based on real-life hardness values (see xlsx spreadsheet for details and sources and extrapolation formulas)
  • Formulas were determined using Excel:
    • Diamond theoretical Brinell explanation: Excel says the curve on 18carat.co.uk, if a power curve, is Brinell = 2.9592*(ans^2.2856) where ans is Moh value
    • Other extrapolated Brinell values (rounded to nearest whole number) explanation: Excel says power function for predicting from density is Brinell = 9.0954*(ans^2.9757) where ans is metric density value
    • Extrapolated Moh values explanation: Excel says power curve from 18carat.co.uk materials is: Moh = 0.6514*(ans^0.4269) where ans is Brinell value (to use Speedcrunch to get values not listed, enter the number without any equation, then paste the formulas above exactly to use that "answer" as a variable--see spreadsheet's "Hardness - Extrapolated" sheet for spreadsheet version of formulas)

Things that will be kept the same:

• You must manually delete the etc folder (source material) from your mods/birthtones folder to reduce download times of the mod when using a server
• birthstones:diamond will still be present for now (as opposed to becoming an alias for default:diamond), since the birthstones diamond texture looks cool. The display names for all of the items will say "White Diamond". (planned: recipe to make it into regular diamond)
• No shields & armor (planned as separate mod: birthstones_3d_armor)
• No arrows (planned as separate mod: birthstones_throwing)

Future plans

• Add option in server minetest.conf to use 8-bit style block textures (based on minetest default diamond block)
• Look into changes in "birthstones fixed" at https://forum.minetest.net/viewtopic.php?f=9&t=11497&hilit=birthstones
• Look into overlap in stone list found in Glooptest
• Make compatible with glooptest

	local glooptest = minetest.get_modpath("glooptest")
	if glooptest then
		register_alias("birthstones:amethyst","glooptest:amethyst_gem")
		register_alias("birthstones:emerald","glooptest:emerald_gem")
		register_alias("birthstones:ruby","glooptest:ruby_gem")
		register_alias("birthstones:sapphire","glooptest:sapphire_gem")
		register_alias("birthstones:topaz","glooptest:topaz_gem")
		-- (and glooptest:*_block for all of those)
	else
		-- create those ores
		-- register those ore nodes
		-- register those block nodes
	end
	-- If neeeded, can also do things like drop = glooptest and "glooptest:topaz_gem" or "birthstones:topaz"

Minerals of note not in birthstones (for reference only) with density values from website above:

MORE but with hardness values available from 18carat.co.uk link above:

• Name,Density,Moh,Brinell
• Apatite,3.16-3.23,5,137
• Calcite,2.69-2.71,3,53

Developer Notes

xcf file has colors used for manual tinting Reference photos: Wikipedia entries for each Gem, and http://geologynerd.tumblr.com/

(If you rotate the gems, rotation must be applied, since absorption is manually done along object z axis--see "Blender gem tutorial" link below for why) Do the following steps to re-render a block:

• Install filmic blender (recommended: install Cycles Denoising build of Blender, and place filmic blender in there)
• IF you make a new object that should be the gem, add the Gem3 material to your object (this is recommended for consistency--with previous versions, you must hide ground and show Ground sky reflection in order for top view to look shiny--this may be since both clamping settings were above 0).
• Open the included Blend file in Blender and set the input nodes as follows (if there are two, set one as the input for absorption and turn that up--or experiment; ~ means wasn't plugged into any nodes): (v1L you can also tweak whether fresnel, facing, or IsTransmissionRay is Factor for "Glow Mix" node (you can also flip the inputs) (v2 you can also tweak whether Tangent, which Light Path output [and whether passes through Reduction node], or nothing [0.00] is used for Glare Mix's Factor; warped block shards can be fitted together then scaled by 1.01 on the x&z [s, shift z, 1.01]) Name, GemColor, IOR**, Frost, Gloss, Clarity,Absorption, AbspSat, Glare Mix, GlareSat (Glare Saturation) **Alexandrite,567274 to 63152c,1.75, ~, ~, .95, 1, 1.0, Gem:Tangent ; Block: TangentReduction; Block east: 0.00, ~ ***Amethyst, ad87a6, 1.55, .5, 0, 0, 1, .5, ~, ~ ***Aquamarine, 8bdcdf, 1.564-1.596,~, ~, .95, 1, 0, Gem:PatchyNoise;, .5 Aquamarine, (!8bdcdf)04A752, 1.564-1.596,.1, 0, .5, 0, 0, ~, ~ Diamond, ced7da, 2.418, 0{.1}[.01], 0[.1], 1, 0, , , Emerald, 02552a, 1.5775-1.5835,0, .1, .99, .5, 0,,, Garnet, 78200c, , , , , , Opal, (texture), , , , , , Peridot, 85b116, , , , , , Ruby, 832935, , , , , , Sapphire, 163f7d, , , , , , ***Topaz, E5A55F, 1.62, .5, .5, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 Zircon, 255f75, , , , , , [] if in brackets, value is for block version ! means not that value: though that value is apparent from a reference photo, it is apparently not the true albedo {} if in bracurly braces, value is for mineral (ore) version ** Complete IOR Lists (values averaged or used from) http://forums.cgsociety.org/archive/index.php?t-513458.html http://www.gemselect.com/gem-info/refractive-index.php *** old shader (usually Gem2, or sometimes Gem) was used as opposed to Gem3 (Frost was called Scatter, but it wasn't actually volumetric scatter in Gem shaders 1-2)

• where '-' appears in IOR column, double refraction is used [different values in each IOR value input node]) Starting with emerald, block is rotated by 90 on z

Take note that this list is in alphabetical order (like birthstones-mod git 2012) for convenience, not in actual birthstone month order.

• Keep default resolution of 32x32 (must be full bleed then cropped to 16x16 manually to avoid edge issues with cycles)
• Render the following cameras (or experiment): North, East, Top
• In your favorite image editor, finish making them usable in-game:
  • Crop all textures to 16x16
  • Make the textures seemless such as by using these steps:
    • Copy the bottom row of pixels of top, then Paste onto top row of pixels of north
    • Rotate top to the right temporarilty (don't save top after this)
    • Copy the new bottom row of pixels of top, then Paste onto top row of pixels of east To make a Gem:
• If you are making a new gem, I recommend making surface imperfect as follows (avoid Edge Split since it breaks edges into two lines, leading to problems with further modifiers and possibly with refraction or other light paths):
  • Make a gem
  • Tools, Smooth
  • Add Modifier, Subdivision Surface, simple, View: 3 (that will be applied), Apply
  • Go to edit mode, and select any edges that should be sharp, and click Mesh, Edges, Mark Sharp
  • Object Data, check Autosmooth
  • Change angle (can be all the way up, such as 90, if you did mark sharp on all edges above)
  • Add Modifier, Displace, Add New, click "Show texture in texture tab" button to the right of it, change it from "Image or Movie" to Musgrave Multifractal, Intensity around .3, Size 2.0 or a little more than the size of the gem, then go back to Displace modifier and change Strength as needed (may have to be negative especially for some Musgrave patterns).

Special Thanks

How to Create a Rock in Blender Using Built-In Textures https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5v8pzsYImc8 by Blender Smoothie

Blender - shiny glass sculpture - Cycles render - Zeitfreund https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jDHYQUj3N90 by Zeitfreund

Cycles' Volume Materials https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CU_igW_1ZXs by EnigmaToots

Possibly helpful other tutorials

(basis for Gem1 material) Blender gem tutorial https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3EN6mAFDqaI by Marijus Jacevičius

(additional influence on Gem2 material): Creating advanced shaders in Blender / cycles - Flat https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nnpvFbvRSyM&t=1344s by Thornton Strolia

(unused, but can be used for color diffraction) Blender Quick Tip #4 | Diamonds in Blender https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4sk6RFcORd0 The Digital M

Gemstone (Tutorial) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4PmptWMA08&t=8s by toki FX

Minetest 2017 API notes

(see http://wiki.minetest.net/Groups and 142e2d3b74/doc/lua_api.txt (L736) )

groupcaps (in tool_capabilities dict in register_tool 2nd param dict): a dictionary of groupcap dictionaries such as:

• choppy: chops wood
• snappy: leaves and other thin materials -- possible with sword, but wears sword out quickly
• fleshy: damage mobs/players
• crumbly: shovels etc
• cracky: picks etc (and more unrelated to this mod)

register_node:

http://dev.minetest.net/minetest.register_node http://dev.minetest.net/Groups

• groups.cracky: like other dig types, the value is normally 1 to 3, and 1 requires the best pick to mine.
• groups.level: prevents being mined by lower level stuff