299 lines
10 KiB
C++
299 lines
10 KiB
C++
/*
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In this tutorial, I will show how to collision detection with the Irrlicht
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Engine. I will describe 3 methods: Automatic collision detection for moving
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through 3d worlds with stair climbing and sliding, manual triangle picking and
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manual scene node picking.
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To start, we take the program from tutorial 2, which loaded and displayed a
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quake 3 level. We will use the level to walk in it and to pick triangles from
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it. In addition we'll place 3 animated models into it for scene node picking.
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The following code starts up the engine and loads a quake 3 level. I will not
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explain it, because it should already be known from tutorial 2.
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*/
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#include <irrlicht.h>
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#include <iostream>
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using namespace irr;
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#pragma comment(lib, "Irrlicht.lib")
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int main()
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{
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// let user select driver type
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video::E_DRIVER_TYPE driverType;
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printf("Please select the driver you want for this example:\n"\
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" (a) Direct3D 9.0c\n (b) Direct3D 8.1\n (c) OpenGL 1.5\n"\
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" (d) Software Renderer\n (e) Burning's Software Renderer\n"\
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" (f) NullDevice\n (otherKey) exit\n\n");
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char i;
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std::cin >> i;
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switch(i)
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{
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case 'a': driverType = video::EDT_DIRECT3D9;break;
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case 'b': driverType = video::EDT_DIRECT3D8;break;
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case 'c': driverType = video::EDT_OPENGL; break;
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case 'd': driverType = video::EDT_OGLES1; break;
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case 'e': driverType = video::EDT_BURNINGSVIDEO;break;
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case 'f': driverType = video::EDT_NULL; break;
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default: return 0;
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}
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// create device
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IrrlichtDevice *device =
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createDevice(driverType, core::dimension2d<s32>(640, 480), 16, false);
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if (device == 0)
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return 1; // could not create selected driver.
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video::IVideoDriver* driver = device->getVideoDriver();
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scene::ISceneManager* smgr = device->getSceneManager();
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device->getFileSystem()->addZipFileArchive("../../media/map-20kdm2.pk3");
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scene::IAnimatedMesh* q3levelmesh = smgr->getMesh("20kdm2.bsp");
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scene::ISceneNode* q3node = 0;
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if (q3levelmesh)
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q3node = smgr->addOctTreeSceneNode(q3levelmesh->getMesh(0));
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/*
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So far so good, we've loaded the quake 3 level like in tutorial 2. Now, here
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comes something different: We create a triangle selector. A triangle selector
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is a class which can fetch the triangles from scene nodes for doing different
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things with them, for example collision detection. There are different triangle
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selectors, and all can be created with the ISceneManager. In this example,
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we create an OctTreeTriangleSelector, which optimizes the triangle output a l
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little bit by reducing it like an octree. This is very useful for huge meshes
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like quake 3 levels.
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Afte we created the triangle selector, we attach it to the q3node. This is not
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necessary, but in this way, we do not need to care for the selector, for example
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dropping it after we do not need it anymore.
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*/
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scene::ITriangleSelector* selector = 0;
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if (q3node)
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{
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q3node->setPosition(core::vector3df(-1350,-130,-1400));
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selector = smgr->createOctTreeTriangleSelector(
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q3levelmesh->getMesh(0), q3node, 128);
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q3node->setTriangleSelector(selector);
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selector->drop();
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}
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/*
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We add a first person shooter camera to the scene for being able to
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move in the quake 3 level like in tutorial 2. But this, time, we add a
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special animator to the camera: A Collision Response animator. This
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thing modifies the scene node to which it is attached to in that way,
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that it may no more move through walls and is affected by gravity. The
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only thing we have to tell the animator is how the world looks like,
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how big the scene node is, how gravity and so on. After the collision
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response animator is attached to the camera, we do not have to do
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anything more for collision detection, anything is done automaticly,
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all other collision detection code below is for picking. And please
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note another cool feature: The collsion response animator can be
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attached also to all other scene nodes, not only to cameras. And it can
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be mixed with other scene node animators. In this way, collision
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detection and response in the Irrlicht engine is really, really easy.
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Now we'll take a closer look on the parameters of
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createCollisionResponseAnimator().
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The first parameter is the TriangleSelector, which specifies how the
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world, against collision detection is done looks like. The second
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parameter is the scene node, which is the object, which is affected by
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collision detection, in our case it is the camera. The third defines
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how big the object is, it is the radius of an ellipsoid. Try it out and
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change the radius to smaller values, the camera will be able to move
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closer to walls after this. The next parameter is the direction and
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speed of gravity. You could set it to (0,0,0) to disable gravity. And
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the last value is just a translation: Without this, the ellipsoid with
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which collision detection is done would be around the camera, and the
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camera would be in the middle of the ellipsoid. But as human beings, we
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are used to have our eyes on top of the body, with which we collide
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with our world, not in the middle of it. So we place the scene node 50
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units over the center of the ellipsoid with this parameter. And that's
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it, collision detection works now.
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*/
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scene::ICameraSceneNode* camera =
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smgr->addCameraSceneNodeFPS(0, 100.0f, 300.0f, -1, 0, 0, true);
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camera->setPosition(core::vector3df(-100,50,-150));
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scene::ISceneNodeAnimator* anim = smgr->createCollisionResponseAnimator(
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selector, camera, core::vector3df(30,50,30),
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core::vector3df(0,-3,0),
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core::vector3df(0,50,0));
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camera->addAnimator(anim);
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anim->drop();
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/*
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Because collision detection is no big deal in irrlicht, I'll describe how to
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do two different types of picking in the next section. But before this,
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I'll prepare the scene a little. I need three animated characters which we
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could pick later, a dynamic light for lighting them,
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a billboard for drawing where we found an intersection, and, yes, I need to
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get rid of this mouse cursor. :)
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*/
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// disable mouse cursor
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device->getCursorControl()->setVisible(false);
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// add billboard
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scene::IBillboardSceneNode * bill = smgr->addBillboardSceneNode();
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bill->setMaterialType(video::EMT_TRANSPARENT_ADD_COLOR );
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bill->setMaterialTexture(0, driver->getTexture("../../media/particle.bmp"));
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bill->setMaterialFlag(video::EMF_LIGHTING, false);
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bill->setMaterialFlag(video::EMF_ZBUFFER, false);
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bill->setSize(core::dimension2d<f32>(20.0f, 20.0f));
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// add 3 animated faeries.
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video::SMaterial material;
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material.Textures[0] = driver->getTexture("../../media/faerie2.bmp");
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material.Lighting = true;
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scene::IAnimatedMeshSceneNode* node = 0;
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scene::IAnimatedMesh* faerie = smgr->getMesh("../../media/faerie.md2");
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if (faerie)
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{
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node = smgr->addAnimatedMeshSceneNode(faerie);
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node->setPosition(core::vector3df(-70,0,-90));
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node->setMD2Animation(scene::EMAT_RUN);
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node->getMaterial(0) = material;
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node = smgr->addAnimatedMeshSceneNode(faerie);
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node->setPosition(core::vector3df(-70,0,-30));
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node->setMD2Animation(scene::EMAT_SALUTE);
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node->getMaterial(0) = material;
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node = smgr->addAnimatedMeshSceneNode(faerie);
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node->setPosition(core::vector3df(-70,0,-60));
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node->setMD2Animation(scene::EMAT_JUMP);
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node->getMaterial(0) = material;
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}
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material.Textures[0] = 0;
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material.Lighting = false;
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// Add a light
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smgr->addLightSceneNode(0, core::vector3df(-60,100,400),
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video::SColorf(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f),
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600.0f);
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/*
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For not making it to complicated, I'm doing picking inside the drawing loop.
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We take two pointers for storing the current and the last selected scene node and
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start the loop.
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*/
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scene::ISceneNode* selectedSceneNode = 0;
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scene::ISceneNode* lastSelectedSceneNode = 0;
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int lastFPS = -1;
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while(device->run())
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if (device->isWindowActive())
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{
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driver->beginScene(true, true, 0);
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smgr->drawAll();
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/*
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After we've drawn the whole scene whit smgr->drawAll(), we'll
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do the first picking: We want to know which triangle of the
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world we are looking at. In addition, we want the exact point
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of the quake 3 level we are looking at. For this, we create a
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3d line starting at the position of the camera and going
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through the lookAt-target of it. Then we ask the collision
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manager if this line collides with a triangle of the world
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stored in the triangle selector. If yes, we draw the 3d
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triangle and set the position of the billboard to the
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intersection point.
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*/
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core::line3d<f32> line;
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line.start = camera->getPosition();
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line.end = line.start + (camera->getTarget() - line.start).normalize() * 1000.0f;
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core::vector3df intersection;
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core::triangle3df tri;
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if (smgr->getSceneCollisionManager()->getCollisionPoint(
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line, selector, intersection, tri))
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{
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bill->setPosition(intersection);
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driver->setTransform(video::ETS_WORLD, core::matrix4());
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driver->setMaterial(material);
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driver->draw3DTriangle(tri, video::SColor(0,255,0,0));
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}
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/*
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Another type of picking supported by the Irrlicht Engine is scene node picking
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based on bouding boxes. Every scene node has got a bounding box, and because of
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that, it's very fast for example to get the scene node which the camera looks
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at. Again, we ask the collision manager for this, and if we've got a scene node,
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we highlight it by disabling Lighting in its material, if it is not the
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billboard or the quake 3 level.
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*/
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selectedSceneNode =
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smgr->getSceneCollisionManager()->getSceneNodeFromCameraBB(camera);
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if (lastSelectedSceneNode)
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lastSelectedSceneNode->setMaterialFlag(video::EMF_LIGHTING, true);
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if (selectedSceneNode == q3node || selectedSceneNode == bill)
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selectedSceneNode = 0;
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if (selectedSceneNode)
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selectedSceneNode->setMaterialFlag(video::EMF_LIGHTING, false);
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lastSelectedSceneNode = selectedSceneNode;
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/*
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That's it, we just have to finish drawing.
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*/
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driver->endScene();
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int fps = driver->getFPS();
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if (lastFPS != fps)
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{
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core::stringw str =
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L"Collision detection example - Irrlicht Engine [";
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str += driver->getName();
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str += "] FPS:";
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str += fps;
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device->setWindowCaption(str.c_str());
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lastFPS = fps;
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}
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}
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device->drop();
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return 0;
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}
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