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.. |(version)| replace:: 0.14
=======
Geany
=======
-------------------------
A fast, light, GTK+ IDE
-------------------------
:Authors: Enrico Tröger,
Nick Treleaven,
Frank Lanitz
:Date: $Date$
:Version: |(version)|
Copyright © 2005-2008
This document is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
of the License, or (at your option) any later version. A copy of this
license can be found in the file COPYING included with the source code
of this program, and also in the chapter `GNU General Public License`_.
.. contents::
Introduction
============
About Geany
-----------
Geany is a small and lightweight Integrated Development Environment. It
was developed to provide a small and fast IDE, which has only a few
dependencies from other packages. Another goal was to be as independent
as possible from a special Desktop Environment like KDE or GNOME,
so Geany only requires the GTK2 toolkit and therefore you only need
the GTK2 runtime libraries installed to run it.
Some basic features of Geany are:
* Syntax highlighting
* Code completion
* Auto completion of often-used constructs like "if", "for" and "while"
* Auto completion of XML and HTML tags
* Call tips
* Many supported filetypes including C, Java, PHP, HTML, Python, Perl,
Pascal, and others
* Tag/Symbol lists
Where to get it
---------------
You can obtain Geany from http://geany.uvena.de or perhaps also from
your distributor.
License
-------
Geany is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
the License, or (at your option) any later version. A copy of this
license can be found in the file COPYING included with the source
code of this program or in the chapter, `GNU General Public License`_.
The included Scintilla library (found in the subdirectory
``scintilla/``) has its own license, which can be found in the chapter,
`License for Scintilla and SciTE`_.
About this document
-------------------
This documentation is available in various formats like HTML, text and
PDF. The latest version is always available at http://geany.uvena.de.
If you want to contribute to it, see `Contributing to this document`_.
Installation
============
Requirements
------------
For compiling Geany yourself, you will need the GTK (>= 2.6.0)
libraries and header files. You will also need the Pango, Glib and
ATK libraries and header files. All these files are available at
http://www.gtk.org.
Furthermore you need, of course, a C compiler and the Make tool; a
C++ compiler is also required for the included Scintilla library. The
GNU versions of these tools are recommended.
Source compilation
------------------
Compiling Geany is quite easy. The following should do it::
% ./configure
% make
% make install
The configure script supports several common options, for a detailed
list, type::
% ./configure --help
There also some compile time options which can be found in
``src/geany.h``. Please see `Compile-time options`_ for more
information.
In the case that your system lacks dynamic linking loader support, you
probably want to pass the option ``--disable-vte`` to the ``configure``
script. This prevents compiling Geany with dynamic linking loader
support to automatically load ``libvte.so.4`` if available.
Geany has been successfully compiled and tested under Debian 3.1
Sarge, Debian 4.0 Etch, Fedora Core 3/4/5, LinuxFromScratch and
FreeBSD 6.0. It also compiles under Microsoft Windows™.
If there are any errors during compilation, check your build
environment and try to find the error, otherwise contact the author
at <enrico(dot)troeger(at)uvena(dot)de>.
Binary packages
---------------
There are many binary packages available. For an up to date but maybe
incomplete list see http://geany.uvena.de/Download/Releases.
Usage
=====
Getting started
---------------
You can start Geany in the following ways:
* From the Desktop Environment menu:
Choose in your application menu of your used Desktop Environment:
Development --> Geany.
* From the command line:
To start Geany from a command line, type the following and press
Return::
% geany
Command line options
--------------------
============ ======================= =================================================
Short option Long option Function
============ ======================= =================================================
*none* +number Set initial line number for the first opened file
(same as --line, do not put a space between the + sign
and the number). E.g. "geany +7 foo.bar" will open the
file foo.bar and place the cursor in line 7.
*none* --column Set initial column number for the first opened file.
-c dir_name --config=directory_name Use an alternate configuration directory. Default
configuration directory is ``~/.geany/`` and there resides
``geany.conf`` and other configuration files.
-d --debug Run Geany in debug mode, which means being verbose
and printing lots of information.
*none* --ft-names Print a list of Geany's internal filetype names (useful
for snippets configuration).
-g --generate-tags Generate a global tags file (see
`Generating a global tags file`_).
-P --no-preprocessing Don't preprocess C/C++ files when generating tags.
-i --new-instance Do not open files in a running instance, force opening
a new instance. Only available if Geany was compiled
with support for Sockets.
-l --line Set initial line number for the first opened file.
-m --no-msgwin Do not show the message window. Use this option if you
do not need compiler messages or VTE support.
-n --no-ctags Do not load symbol completion and call tip data. Use this
option if you do not want to use them.
-p --no-plugins Do not load plugins or plugin support.
*none* --print-prefix Print installation prefix, the data directory, the lib
directory and the locale directory (in this order) to
stdout, each per line. This is mainly intended for plugin
authors to detect installation paths.
-s --no-session Do not load the previous session's files.
-t --no-terminal Do not load terminal support. Use this option if you do
not want to load the virtual terminal emulator widget
at startup. If you do not have ``libvte.so.4`` installed,
then terminal-support is automatically disabled. Only
available if Geany was compiled with support for VTE.
*none* --vte-lib Specify explicitly the path including filename or only
the filename to the VTE library, e.g.
``/usr/lib/libvte.so`` or ``libvte.so``. This option is
only needed when the autodetection does not work. Only
available if Geany was compiled with support for VTE.
-v --version Show version information and exit.
-? --help Show help information and exit.
*none* [files ...] Open all given files at startup. This option causes
Geany to ignore loading stored files from the last
session (if enabled).
Geany also recognises line and column information when
appended to the filename with colons, e.g.
"geany foo.bar:10:5" will open the file foo.bar and
place the cursor in line 10 at column 5.
============ ======================= =================================================
Geany supports all generic GTK options, a list is available on the
help screen.
General
-------
Startup
^^^^^^^
At startup, Geany loads all files from the last time Geany was
launched. You can disable this feature in the preferences dialog
(see `General tab in preferences dialog`_). If you specify some
files on the command line, only these files will be opened, but you
can find the files from the last session in the file menu under the
"Recent files" item. By default this contains the last 10 recently
opened files. You can change the amount of recently opened files in
the preferences dialog.
You can start several instances of Geany, but only the first will
load files from the last session. To run a second instance of Geany,
do not specify any filenames on the command-line, or disable opening
files in a running instance using the appropriate command line option.
Opening files from the command-line in a running instance
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Geany detects an already running instance of itself and opens files
from the command-line in the already running instance. So, Geany can
be used to view and edit files by opening them from other programs
such as a file manager. If you do not like this for some reason, you
can disable using the first instance by using the appropriate command
line option -- see the section called `Command line options`_.
Virtual terminal emulator widget (VTE)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If you have installed ``libvte.so`` in your system, it is loaded
automatically by Geany, and you will have a terminal widget in the
notebook at the bottom.
If Geany cannot find any ``libvte.so`` at startup, the terminal widget
will not be loaded. So there is no need to install the package containing
this file in order to run Geany. Additionally, you can disable the use
of the terminal widget by command line option, for more information
see the section called `Command line options`_.
You can use this terminal (from now on called VTE) nearly as an usual
terminal program like xterm. There is basic clipboard support. You
can paste the contents of the clipboard by pressing the right mouse
button to open the popup menu and choosing Paste. To copy text from
the VTE, just select the desired text and then press the right mouse
button and choose Copy from the popup menu. On systems running the
X Window System you can paste the last selected text by pressing the
middle mouse button in the VTE (on 2-button mice, the middle button
can often be simulated by pressing both mouse buttons together).
In the preferences dialog you can specify a shell which should be
started in the VTE. To make the specified shell a login shell just
use the appropriate command line options for the shell. These options
should be found in the manual page of the shell. For zsh and bash
you can use the argument ``--login``.
.. note::
Geany tries to load ``libvte.so``. If this fails, it tries to load
some other filenames. If this fails too, you should check whether you
installed libvte correctly. Again, Geany also runs without this
library.
It could be, that the library is called something else than
``libvte.so`` (e.g. on FreeBSD 6.0 it is called ``libvte.so.8``). So
please set a link to the correct file (as root)::
# ln -s /usr/lib/libvte.so.X /usr/lib/libvte.so
Obviously, you have to adjust the paths and set X to the number of your
``libvte.so``.
You can also specify the filename of the VTE library to use on the command
line (see the section called `Command line options`_) or at compile time
by specifying the command line option ``--with-vte-module-path`` to
./configure.
Defining own widget styles using .gtkrc-2.0
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
You can define your widget style for many of Geany's GUI parts. To
do this, just edit your ``.gtkrc-2.0`` (usually found in your home
directory on UNIX-like systems and in the etc subdirectory of your
Geany installation on Windows).
To get a defined style get noticed by Geany you must it assign to
one of Geany's widgets. To do so, use the following line::
widget "Geany*" style "geany_style"
This would assign your already defined style "geany_style" to all Geany
widgets. You can also assign styles only to specific widgets. At the
moment you can use the following widgets:
* GeanyMainWindow
* GeanyEditMenu
* GeanyToolbarMenu
* GeanyDialog
* GeanyDialogPrefs
* GeanyDialogProject
* GeanyDialogSearch
Example of a simple ``.gtkrc-2.0``::
style "geanyStyle"
{
font_name="Sans 12"
}
widget "GeanyMainWindow" style "geanyStyle"
style "geanyStyle"
{
font_name="Sans 10"
}
widget "GeanyPrefsDialog" style "geanyStyle"
Character sets and Unicode Byte-Order-Mark (BOM)
------------------------------------------------
Using character sets
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Geany provides support for detecting and converting character sets. So
you can open and save files in different character sets and even
can convert a file from a character set to another one. To do this,
Geany uses the character conversion capabilities of the GLib.
Only text files are supported, i.e. opening files which contain
NUL-bytes may fail. Geany will try to open the file anyway but it is
likely that the file will be truncated because it can only opened up
to the first occurrence of a NUL-byte. All characters after this
position are lost and are not written when you save the file.
Geany tries to detect the encoding of a file while opening it. It
might be that the encoding of a file cannot be detected correctly so
you have to set manually the encoding of the file in order to display
it correctly. You can this in the file open dialog by selecting
an encoding in the drop down box or by reloading the file with the
file menu item "Reload as". The auto detection works well for most
encodings but there are also some encodings known where auto detection
has its problems. Auto detecting the encoding of a file is not easy
and sometimes an encoding might be detected not correctly.
There are different ways to use different encodings in Geany:
* Using the file open dialog
This opens the file with the encoding specified in the encoding drop
down box. If the encoding is set to "Detect from file" auto detection
will be used. If the encoding is set to "Without encoding (None)" the
file will be opened without any character conversion and Geany will
not try to auto detect the encoding(see below for more information).
* Using the "Reload as" menu item
This item reloads the current file with the specified encoding. It can
help if you opened a file and found out that a wrong encoding was used.
* Using the "Set encoding" menu item
In contrary to the above two options, this will not change or reload
the current file unless you save it. It is useful when you want to
change the encoding of the file.
* Specifying the encoding in the file itself
As mentioned above, auto detecting the encoding of a file may fail on
some encodings. If you know that Geany doesn't open a certain file,
you can add a special line to the beginning of the file to force an
encoding when opening the file (for details see below).
In-file encoding specification
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Geany detects meta tags of HTML files which contain charset information
like::
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-15" />
and the found charset is used when opening the file. This is useful if the
encoding of the file cannot be detected properly.
For non-HTML files you can also define a line like::
/* geany_encoding=ISO-8859-15 */
or::
# geany_encoding=ISO-8859-15 #
to force an encoding to be used. The used #, /\* and \*/ are only examples
for filetype-specific comment characters. It doesn't matter which
characters are around the string " geany_encoding=ISO-8859-15 " as long
as there is at least one whitespace character before and after this
string. Whitespace characters are in this case a space or tab character.
"geany_encoding" must be in lower-case, the charset string is
case-independent. There must **not** be any whitespace between
"geany_encoding", the "=" sign and the charset.
An example to use this could be you have a file with ISO-8859-15
encoding but Geany constantly detects the file encoding as ISO-8859-1.
Then you simply add such a line to the file and Geany will open it
correctly the next time.
.. note::
These specifications must be in the first 512 bytes of the file.
Anything after the first 512 bytes will not be recognised.
Special encoding "None"
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
There is a special encoding "None" which is actually no real
encoding. It is useful when you know that Geany cannot auto detect
the encoding of a file and it is not displayed correctly. Especially
when the file contains NUL-bytes this can be useful to skip auto
detection and open the file properly at least until the occurrence
of the first NUL-byte. Using this encoding opens the file as it is
without any character conversion.
Unicode Byte-Order-Mark (BOM)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Furthermore, Geany detects an Unicode Byte Order Mark (see
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_Order_Mark for details). Of course,
this feature is only available if the opened file is in an unicode
encoding. The Byte Order Mark helps to detect the encoding of a file,
e.g. whether it is UTF-16LE or UTF-16BE and so on. On Unix-like systems
using a Byte Order Mark could cause some problems, e.g. the gcc stops
with stray errors, PHP does not parse a script containing a BOM and
script files starting with a she-bang maybe cannot be started. In the
status bar you can easily see whether the file starts with a BOM or
not. If you want to set a BOM for a file or if you want to remove it
from a file, just use the document menu and toggle the checkbox.
.. note::
If you are unsure what a BOM is or if you do not understand where
to use it, then it is probably not important for you and you can
safely ignore it.
Editing
-------
Folding
^^^^^^^
Geany provides basic code folding support. Folding means the ability to
show and hide parts of the text in the current file. You can hide
unimportant code sections and concentrate on the parts you are working on
and later you can show these sections again. In the editor window there is
a small grey margin on the left side with some [+] and [-] symbols. By
clicking on these icons you can simply show and hide sections which are
marked by vertical lines within this margin. For many filetypes nested
folding is supported, so there may be several fold points within other
fold points.
If you don't like it or don't need it at all, you can simply disable
folding support completely in the preferences dialog.
The folding behaviour can be changed with the "Fold/Unfold all children of
a fold point" option in the preference dialog. If activated, Geany will
unfold all nested fold points below the current one if they are already
folded (when clicking on a [+] symbol).
When clicking on a [-] symbol, Geany will fold all nested fold points
below the current one if they are unfolded.
The usage of this option can be instantly inverted by pressing the Shift
key while clicking on a fold symbol. That means, if the "Fold/Unfold all
children of a fold point" option is enabled, pressing Shift will disable
it for this click and vice versa.
Drag and drop of text
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If you drag selected text in the editor widget of Geany the text is
moved to the position where the mouse pointer is when releasing the
mouse button. Holding Control when releasing the mouse button will
copy the text instead. This behaviour was changed in Geany 0.11 -
before the selected text was copied to the new position.
Indentation
^^^^^^^^^^^
Geany allows each document to indent either with a tab character
or multiple spaces. The default indent mode is set in the `Editor
tab in preferences dialog`_. But this can be overridden using either
the *Document->Indent Type* menu, or by using the *Detect from file*
indentation preference. When enabled, this scans each file that is opened
and sets the indent mode based on how many lines start with a tab vs. 2
or more spaces.
The indent mode for the current document is shown on the status bar
as follows:
TAB
Indent with Tab characters.
SP
Indent with spaces.
Auto-indentation
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
When enabled, auto-indentation happens when pressing *Enter* in the
Editor. It adds a certain amount of indentation to the new line so the
user doesn't always have to indent each line manually.
Geany knows four types of auto-indentation:
None
Disables auto-indentation completely.
Basic
Adds the same amount of whitespace on a new line as on the last line.
Current chars
Does the same as *Basic* but also indents a new line after an opening
brace '{', and de-indents when typing a closing brace '}'. For Python,
a new line will be indented after typing ':' at the end of the
previous line.
Match braces
Similar to *Current chars* but the closing brace will be aligned to
match the indentation of the line with the opening brace.
Bookmarks
^^^^^^^^^
Geany provides a handy bookmarking feature that lets you mark one
or more lines in a document, and return the cursor to them using a
key combination.
To place a mark on a line, either left-mouse-click in the left margin
of the editor window, or else use Ctrl-m. Either way, this will
produce a small green plus symbol in the margin. You can have as many
marks in a document as you like. Click again (or use Ctrl-m again)
to remove the bookmark. To remove all the marks in a given document,
use "Remove Markers" in the Document menu.
To navigate down your document, jumping from one mark to the next,
use Ctrl-. (control period). To go in the opposite direction on
the page, use Ctrl-, (control comma). Using the bookmarking feature
together with the commands to switch from one editor tab to another
(Ctrl-PgUp/PgDn and Ctrl-Tab) provides a particularly fast way to
navigate around multiple files.
Code Navigation History
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
To ease navigation in source files and especially between
different files, Geany lets you jump between different navigation
points. Currently, this works when using the `Go to tag declaration`_,
`Go to tag definition`_ commands and when clicking on symbol list
items.
When using one of these actions, Geany remembers your current position
and jumps to the new one. If you decide to go back to your previous
position in the file, just use "Navigate back a location". To
get back to the new position again, just use "Navigate forward a
location". This makes it easier to navigate in e.g. foreign code
and between different files.
Send text through definable commands
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
You can define several custom commands in Geany and send the current
selection to one of these commands. The output of the command will be
used to replace the current selection. So, it is possible to use text
formatting tools with Geany in a general way. The selected text will
be sent to the standard input of the executed command, so the command
should be able to read from it and it should print all results to its
standard output which will be read by Geany. To help finding errors
in executing the command, the output of the program's standard error
will be printed on Geany's standard output.
To add a custom command, just go to the Set Custom Commands dialog
in the Format sub menu of the Edit and Popup menu. Then click on Add
to get a new text entry and type the command. You can also specify
some command line options. To delete a command, just clear the text
entry and press Ok. It will be deleted automatically.
Context actions
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
You can execute a specified command on the current word near the
cursor position or an available selection and this word is passed
as an argument to this command. It can be used for example to open
some API documentation in a browser window or open any other external
program. To do this, there is an menu entry in the popup menu of the
editor widget and also a keyboard shortcut(see the section called
`Keybindings`_).
The command can be specified in the preferences dialog and additionally
for each filetype (see "context_action_cmd" in the section called
`Format`_). At executing, the filetype specific command is used if
available otherwise the command specified in the preferences dialog
is executed.
The passed word can be referred with the wildcard "%s" everywhere
in the command, before executing it will be replaced by the current
word. For example, the command to open the PHP API documentation
would be::
firefox "http://www.php.net/%s"
when executing the command, the %s is substituted by the word near
the cursor position or by the current selection. If the cursor is at
the word "echo", a browser window will open(assumed your browser is
called firefox) and it will open the address: http://www.php.net/echo.
User-definable snippets
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Snippets are small strings or code constructs which can be replaced or
completed to a more complex string. So you can save a lot of time by
not typing often used strings and letting Geany do the work for you.
To know what to complete or replace Geany reads a configuration file
called ``snippets.conf`` at startup.
The system-wide configuration file can be found in
``$prefix/share/geany``, where ``$prefix`` is the path where Geany is
installed (commonly ``/usr/local``). It is not recommended to edit the
system-wide file, because it will be overridden when Geany is updated.
To change the settings, copy the file from ``$prefix/share/geany``
in your configuration directory (usually ``~/.geany/``).
For example::
% cp /usr/local/share/geany/snippets.conf /home/username/.geany/
Then you can edit the file and the changes are also available
after an update of Geany because the file resides in your
configuration directory. Alternatively, you can create a file
``~/.geany/snippets.conf`` and add only these settings you want
to change. All missing settings will be read from the global snippets
file in ``$prefix/share/geany``.
The file ``snippets.conf`` may contain several sections for each
filetype. It also contains two additional sections "Default" and
"Special". Default contains all snippets which are available
for every filetype. You may define another section for a certain
filetype(e.g. C++) containing the same snippets. Then when using
such a snippet in a C++ file the snippet defined in the C++ section will
be used. In any other file the snippet defined in the Default section will
be used unless a section for the current filetype exists and the used
snippet is defined in this section. The section "Special" contains special
snippets which can only be used in other snippets. So you can define often
used parts of snippets and just use the special snippet as a placeholder
(see the ``snippets.conf`` for details).
To define snippets you can use several special characters which
will be replaced when using the snippet:
**Wildcards for snippets**
================ =========================================================
\\n or %newline% Insert a new line (it will be replaced by the used EOL
char(s): LF, CR/LF, or CR).
\\t or %ws% Insert an indentation step, if using only spaces for
indentation only spaces will be used.
\\s \\s to force whitespace at beginning or end of a value
('key= value' won't work, use 'key=\\svalue')
%cursor% Place the cursor at this position after completion has
been done.
%...% "..." means the name of a key in the "Special" section.
If you have defined a key "brace_open" in the "Special"
section you can use %brace_open" in any other snippet.
================ =========================================================
Defined snippets must not contain spaces otherwise they won't
work correctly. But beside that you can define almost everything
string as a snippet and use it later in Geany. It is not limited
to existing contructs of certain programming languages(like ``if``,
``for``, ``switch``). Define whatever you need.
Maybe you need to often type your name, so define a snippet like this::
[Default]
myname=Enrico Tröger
Everytime you write ``myname`` <TAB> in Geany, it will replace "myname"
with "Enrico Tröger". The key to start auto completion can be changed
in the preferences dialog, by default it is TAB.
You may change the behaviour Geany recognizes the word to complete,
i.e. where define the start and end of a word. The section "Special" may
contain a key "wordchars" which lists all characters a string may contain
to be recognized as a word for completion. Leave it commented to use
default characters or define it to add or remove characters to fit your
needs.
Inserting unicode characters
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
With GTK 2.10 and above, you can hit Ctrl-Shift-u, then still holding
Ctrl-Shift, type some hex digits representing the code point for the
character you want, then let go of Ctrl-Shift and hit a key such as
the right arrow.
For this to work in Geany, you'll need to first unbind Ctrl-Shift-u
in the `keybinding tab in preferences dialog`_, then restart Geany.
Note that it works slightly differently from other GTK applications,
in that you'll need to continue to hold down the Ctrl and Shift keys
while typing the code point hex digits.
For GTK < 2.10, it is also possible, but typing the first Ctrl-Shift-u
is not necessary. One problem is that you may find the alphabetic
keys conflict with other Geany keybindings.
Search, replace and go to
-------------------------
This section describes search-related commands from the Search menu
and the editor window's popup menu:
* Find
* Find usage \*
* Find in files
* Replace
* Go to tag definition \*
* Go to tag declaration \*
* Go to line
\* These items are available from the editor window's popup menu, or by
using a keyboard shortcut (see the section called `Keybindings`_).
Find
^^^^
The Find dialog is used for finding text in one or more open documents.
.. image:: ./images/find_dialog.png
Matching options
````````````````
The syntax for the Use regular expressions option is shown in
`Regular expressions`_.
The Use escape sequences option will transform any escaped characters
into their UTF-8 equivalent. For example, \\t will be transformed into
a tab character. Other recognised symbols are: \\\\, \\n, \\r, \\uXXXX
(Unicode chararacters).
Find all
````````
To find all matches, click on the Find All expander. This will reveal
several options:
* In Document
* In Session
* Mark
Find All In Document will show a list of matching lines in the
current document in the Messages tab of the Message Window. *Find All
In Session* does the same for all open documents.
Mark will set markers for all matching lines in the current document,
if the Markers margin is visible. If not, the background colour of
matching lines will be highlighted. Markers and highlighting can be
removed by selecting the Remove Markers command from the Document menu.
Find usage
^^^^^^^^^^
Find usage searches all open files. It is similar to the Find All In
Session Find dialog command.
If there is a selection, then it is used as the search text; otherwise
the current word is used. The current word is either taken from the
word nearest the edit cursor, or the word underneath the popup menu
click position when the popup menu is used. The search results are
shown in the Messages tab of the Message Window.
Find in files
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Find in files is a more powerful version of Find usage that searches
all files in a certain directory using the Grep tool. The Grep tool
must be correctly set in Preferences to the path of the system's Grep
utility. GNU Grep is recommended.
.. image:: ./images/find_in_files_dialog.png
The Extra options field is used to pass any additional arguments to
the grep tool.
Filtering out version control files
```````````````````````````````````
When using the *Recurse in subfolders* option with a directory that's
under version control, you can set the *Extra options* field to use
grep's ``--exclude`` flag to filter out filenames.
SVN Example: ``--exclude=*.svn-base``
The --exclude argument only matches the file name part, not the path. If
you have GNU Grep >= 2.5.2 you can use the ``--exclude-dir`` argument to
filter out CVS and hidden directories like ``.svn``.
Example: ``--exclude-dir=.* --exclude-dir=CVS``
Replace
^^^^^^^
The Replace dialog is used for replacing text in one or more open
documents.
.. image:: ./images/replace_dialog.png
The Replace dialog has the same options for matching text as the Find
dialog. See the section called `Matching options`_.
The *Use regular expressions* option applies both to the search string
and to the replacement text; for the latter back references can be
used -- see the entry for '\\n' in `Regular expressions`_.
Replace all
```````````
To replace several matches, click on the *Replace All* expander. This
will reveal several options:
* In Document
* In Session
* In Selection
*Replace All In Document* will replace all matching text in the
current document. *Replace All In Session* does the same for all open
documents. *Replace All In Selection* will replace all matching text
in the current selection of the current document.
Go to tag definition
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If the current word is the name of a tag definition (like a function
body) and the file containing the tag definition is open, this command
will switch to that file and go to the corresponding line number. The
current word is either taken from the word nearest the edit cursor,
or the word underneath the popup menu click position when the popup
menu is used.
Go to tag declaration
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Like Go to tag definition, but for a forward declaration such as a
function prototype or ``extern`` declaration instead of a function
body.
Go to line
^^^^^^^^^^
Go to a particular line number in the current file.
Regular expressions
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
You can use regular expressions in the Find and Replace dialogs
by selecting the Use regular expressions check box. The syntax is
POSIX-like, as described below in `Regular expressions`_.
.. note::
Searching backwards with regular expressions is not supported.
**In a regular expression, the following characters are interpreted:**
====== ============================================================
. Matches any character.
( This marks the start of a region for tagging a match.
) This marks the end of a tagged region.
\\n Where n is 1 through 9 refers to the first through ninth tagged
region when replacing. For example, if the search string was
Fred([1-9])XXX and the replace string was Sam\\1YYY, when applied
to Fred2XXX this would generate Sam2YYY.
\\< This matches the start of a word.
\\> This matches the end of a word.
\\x This allows you to use a character x that would otherwise have
a special meaning. For example, \\[ would be interpreted as [
and not as the start of a character set. Use \\\\ for a literal
backslash.
[...] This indicates a set of characters, for example, [abc] means
any of the characters a, b or c. You can also use ranges, for
example [a-z] for any lower case character.
[^...] The complement of the characters in the set. For example,
[^A-Za-z] means any character except an alphabetic character.
^ This matches the start of a line (unless used inside a set, see
above).
$ This matches the end of a line.
\* This matches 0 or more times. For example, Sa*m matches Sm, Sam,
Saam, Saaam and so on.
\+ This matches 1 or more times. For example, Sa+m matches Sam,
Saam, Saaam and so on.
====== ============================================================
Partial POSIX compatibility
```````````````````````````
Note that the POSIX '?' regular expression character for optional
matching is not supported by the Find and Replace dialogs.
Tags
----
Geany has built-in functionality for generating tag information (aka
"workspace tags") for supported filetypes when you open a file. You
can also have Geany automatically load external tag files (aka "global
tags files") from its ``~/.geany/tags`` directory upon startup, or
manually using *File --> Load Tags*.
Geany uses its own tag file format, similar to what ``ctags`` uses
(but is incompatible with ctags). You use Geany to generate global
tags files, as described below.
Workspace tags
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Tags for each document are parsed whenever a file is loaded or
saved. These are shown in the Symbol list in the Sidebar. These tags
are also used for autocompletion of symbols and calltips for all documents
open in the current session that have the same filetype.
The *Go to Tag* commands can be used with all workspace tags. See
`Go to tag definition`_.
Global tags
^^^^^^^^^^^
Global tags are used to provide autocompletion of symbols and calltips
without having to open the corresponding source files. This is intended
for library APIs, as the tags file only has to be updated when you upgrade
the library.
You can load a custom global tags file in two ways:
* Using the *Load Tags* command in the File menu.
* By creating a directory ``~/.geany/tags``, and moving or symlinking
the tags files there before starting Geany.
You can either download these files or generate your own. They have
the format::
name.lang_ext.tags
*lang_ext* is one of the extensions set for the filetype associated
with the tags. See the section called `Filetype extensions`_ for
more information.
Default global tags files
`````````````````````````
For some languages, a list of global tags is loaded when the
corresponding filetype is first used. Currently these are for:
* C -- GTK+ and GLib
* Pascal
* PHP
* HTML -- &symbol; completion, e.g. for ampersand, copyright, etc.
* LaTeX
Generating a global tags file
`````````````````````````````
*Filetypes support:*
Currently this is not yet supported for Pascal, PHP and LaTeX
filetypes.
You can generate your own global tags files by parsing a list of
source files. The command is::
geany -g [-P] <Tag File> <File list>
* Tag File should be in the format described earlier -- see the
section called `Global tags`_.
* File list is a list of filenames, each with a full path (unless
you are generating C/C++ tags and have set the CFLAGS environment
variable appropriately).
* ``-P`` or ``--no-preprocessing`` disables using the C pre-processor
to process ``#include`` directives for C/C++ source files. Use this
option if you want to specify each source file on the command-line
instead of using a 'master' header file. Also can be useful if you
don't want to specify the CFLAGS environment variable.
Example for the wxD library for the D programming language::
geany -g wxd.d.tags /home/username/wxd/wx/*.d
*Generating C/C++ tag files:*
For C/C++ tag files, gcc and grep are required, so that header files
can be preprocessed to include any other headers they depend upon.
For C/C++ files, the environment variable CFLAGS should be set with
appropriate ``-I/path`` include paths. The following example works with
the bash shell, generating tags for the GnomeUI library::
CFLAGS=`pkg-config --cflags libgnomeui-2.0` geany -g gnomeui.c.tags \
/usr/include/libgnomeui-2.0/gnome.h
You can adapt this command to use CFLAGS and header files appropriate
for whichever libraries you want.
*Replacing the default C/C++ tags file:*
Geany currently uses a default global tags file global.tags for
C and C++, commonly installed in /usr/share/geany. This file can
be replaced with one containing tags parsed from a different set
of header files. When Geany is next started, your custom tags file
will be loaded instead of the default global.tags. You should keep a
copy of the generated tags file because it will get overwritten when
upgrading Geany.
Ignore tags
^^^^^^^^^^^
You can also ignore certain tags if they would lead to wrong parsing of
the code. Simply create a file called "ignore.tags" in your Geany
configuration directory (usually ``~/.geany/``). Then list all tags
you want to ignore in this file, separated by spaces and/or newlines.
More detailed information about the usage from the Exuberant Ctags
manual page::
Specifies a list of identifiers which are to be specially handled
while parsing C and C++ source files. This option is specifically
provided to handle special cases arising through the use of
preprocessor macros. When the identifiers listed are simple identifiers,
these identifiers will be ignored during parsing of the source files.
If an identifier is suffixed with a '+' character, ctags will also
ignore any parenthesis-enclosed argument list which may immediately
follow the identifier in the source files.
If two identifiers are separated with the '=' character, the first
identifiers is replaced by the second identifiers for parsing purposes.
For even more detailed information please read the manual page of
Exuberant Ctags.
Preferences
-----------
You may adjust Geany's settings using the Edit --> Preferences
dialog. Any changes you make there can be applied by hitting either
the Apply or the Ok button. These settings will persist between Geany
sessions. Note that most settings here have descriptive popup bubble
help -- just hover the mouse over the item in question to get help
on it.
You may also adjust some View settings (under the View menu) that
persist between Geany sessions. The settings under the Document menu,
however, are only for the current document and revert to defaults
when restarting Geany.
There are also some rarer `Hidden preferences`_.
.. note::
In the paragraphs that follow, the text describing a dialog tab
(if present) comes after the screenshot of that tab.
General tab in preferences dialog
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
General tab in preferences dialog
.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_gen.png
Interface tab in preferences dialog
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Interface tab in preferences dialog
.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_interface.png
The documents list and the editor tabs are two different ways
to switch between documents using the mouse. When you hit the key
combination to move between tabs, the order is determined by the tab
order, not alphabetical as shown in the documents list (regardless
whether or not editor tabs are visible).
Toolbar tab in preferences dialog
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Toolbar tab in preferences dialog
.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_toolbar.png
Display tab in preferences dialog
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
This is for visual elements displayed in the editor window.
.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_display.png
Editor tab in preferences dialog
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Editor tab in preferences dialog
.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_edit.png
Line wrapping refers to the display of the text in the
editor. (Currently, there is no setting to have Geany automatically
insert newlines into your document while you type.)
Files tab in preferences dialog
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Files tab in preferences dialog
.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_files.png
Tools tab in preferences dialog
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Tools tab in preferences dialog
.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_tools.png
Template tab in preferences dialog
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Template tab in preferences dialog
.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_templ.png
Keybinding tab in preferences dialog
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Keybinding tab in preferences dialog
.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_keys.png
There are some handy commands in here that are not, by default,
bound to a key combination, and may not be available as a menu item.
.. note::
For more information see the section called `Keybindings`_.
Printing tab in preferences dialog
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Printing tab in preferences dialog
.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_printing.png
VTE tab in preferences dialog
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
VTE tab in preferences dialog
.. image:: ./images/pref_dialog_vte.png
Project Management
------------------
Project Management is optional in Geany. Currently it can be used for:
* Storing and opening session files on a project basis.
* Running *Make* from the project's base directory.
* Setting a custom *Run* command specific to the project.
A list of session files can be stored and opened with the project
when the *Use project-based session files* preference is enabled,
in the *Project* group of the `Preferences`_ dialog.
As long as a project is open, the Make and Run commands will use
the project's settings, instead of the defaults. These will be used
whichever document is currently displayed.
The current project's settings are saved when it is closed, or when
Geany is shutdown. When restarting Geany, the previously opened project
file that was in use at the end of the last session will be reopened.
Below are the commands used to create, modify, open and close projects.
New Project
^^^^^^^^^^^
To create a new project, fill in the *Name* field. By default this
will setup a new project file ``~/projects/name.geany``. Usually it's
best to store all your project files in the same directory (they are
independent of any source directory trees).
The Base path text field is setup to use ``~/projects/name``. This
can safely be set to any existing path -- it will not touch the file
structure contained in it.
Project Properties
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
You can set an optional description for the project, but it is not
used elsewhere by Geany.
The *Base path* field is used as the directory to run the Make and Make
custom commands in. It is also used as working directory for the project
specific *Run command*.
The specified path can be an absolute path or relative to the project's
file name.
Make in base path
`````````````````
This setting makes the *Build->Make* command use the project's base
path. Uncheck this if you want to use the current file's directory
instead.
Run command
```````````
The *Run command* overrides the default run command. You can set this
to the executable or main script file for the project, and append
any command-line arguments.
The following variables can be used:
* %f -- complete filename without path
* %e -- filename without path and without extension
See `[build_settings] Section`_ for details.
Open Project
^^^^^^^^^^^^
The Open command displays a standard file chooser, starting in
``~/projects``. Choose a project file named with the ``.geany``
extension.
When project session support is enabled, Geany will close the currently
open files and open the session files associated with the project.
Close Project
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Project file settings are saved when the project is closed.
When project session support is enabled, Geany will close the project
session files and open any previously closed default session files.
Build system
------------
Geany has an integrated build system. Firstly this means that the
current source file will be saved before it is processed. This is
for convenience so that you don't need to keep saving small changes
to the current file before building.
Secondly the output for Compile, Build and Make actions will be
captured in the Compiler notebook tab of the messages window (assuming
you have it visible). If there are any warnings or errors with line
numbers shown in the Compiler output tab, you can double click on
them and Geany will switch to the relevant source file (if it is open)
and mark the line number so the problem can be corrected. Geany will
also set indicators for warnings or errors with line numbers.
Depending on the current file's filetype, the Build menu will contain
the following items:
* Compile
* Build
* Make all
* Make custom target
* Make object
* Execute
* Set Includes and Arguments
Compile
^^^^^^^
The Compile command has different uses for different kinds of files.
For compilable languages such as C and C++, the Compile command is
setup to compile the current source file into a binary object file.
Java source files will be compiled to class file bytecode. Interpreted
languages such as Perl, Python, Ruby will compile to bytecode if the
language supports it, or will run a syntax check, or failing that
will run the file in its language interpreter.
Build
^^^^^
For compilable languages such as C and C++, the Build command will link
the current source file's equivalent object file into an executable. If
the object file does not exist, the source will be compiled and linked
in one step, producing just the executable binary.
Interpreted languages do not use the Build command.
Make all
^^^^^^^^
This effectively runs "make all" in the same directory as the
current file.
.. note::
For each of the Make commands, The Make tool path must be correctly
set in the Tools tab of the Preferences dialog.
Make custom target
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
This is similar to running 'Make all' but you will be prompted for
the make target name to be passed to the Make tool. For example,
typing 'clean' in the dialog prompt will run "make clean".
Make object
^^^^^^^^^^^
Make object will run "make current_file.o" in the same directory as
the current file, using its prefix for 'current_file'. It is useful
for compiling just the current file without building the whole project.
Execute
^^^^^^^
Execute will run the corresponding executable file, shell script or
interpreted script in a terminal window. Note that the Terminal tool
path must be correctly set in the Tools tab of the Preferences dialog -
you can use any terminal program that runs a Bourne compatible shell
and accept the "-e" command line argument to start a command.
After your program or script has finished executing, you will be
prompted to press the return key. This allows you to review any text
output from the program before the terminal window is closed.
Stopping running processes
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
When there is a running program, the Run button in the toolbar
becomes a stop button and you can stop the current action. This
works by sending a signal to the process (and its child process(es))
to stop the process. The used signal is SIGQUIT.
Depending on the process you started it might occur that the process
cannot be stopped. This can happen when the process creates more than
one child process.
Terminal emulators
``````````````````
Xterm is known to work properly. If you are using "Terminal"
(the terminal program of Xfce), you should add the command line
option ``--disable-server`` otherwise the started process cannot be
stopped. Just add this option in the preferences dialog on the Tools
tab in the terminal field.
Set Includes and Arguments
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
By default the Compile and Build commands invoke the compiler and
linker with only the basic arguments needed by all programs. Using
Set Includes and Arguments you can add any include paths and compile
flags for the compiler, any library names and paths for the linker,
and any arguments you want to use when running Execute.
These settings are saved automatically when Geany is shut down.
The following variables can be used:
* %f -- complete filename without path
* %e -- filename without path and without extension
See `[build_settings] Section`_ for details.
If you need complex settings for your build system, or several
different settings, then writing a Makefile and using the Make commands
is recommended.
One step compilation
````````````````````
If you are using the Build command to compile and link in one step,
you will need to set both the compiler arguments and the linker
arguments in the linker command setting.
Indicators
^^^^^^^^^^
Indicators are red squiggly underlines which are used to highlight
errors which occured while compiling the current file. So you can
easily see where your code failed to compile. To remove the indicators,
just click on "Remove all indicators" in the document file menu.
If you do not like this feature, you can disable it in the preferences
dialog.
Printing support
----------------
Since Geany 0.13 there is full printing support using GTK's printing API.
The printed page(s) will look nearly the same as on your screen in Geany.
Additionally, there are some options to modify the printed page(s). You
can define whether to print line numbers, page numbers at the bottom of
each page and whether to print a page header on each page. This header
contains the filename of the printed document, the current page number and
the date and time of printing. By default, the file name of the document
is added with full path information to the header. If you prefer to add
only the basename of the file(without any path information) you can set it
in the preferences dialog. You can also adjust the format of the date and
time added to the page header. The available conversion specifiers are the
same as the ones which can be used with the ANSI C strftime function.
All of these settings can also be changed in the print dialog just before
actual printing is done.
On Unix-like systems the provided print dialog offers a print preview. The
preview file is opened with a PDF viewer and by default GTK uses ``evince``
for print preview. If you don't have installed evince or just want to use
another PDF viewer, you can change the program to use in the file
``.gtkrc-2.0`` (usually found in your home directory). Simply add a line
like::
gtk-print-preview-command = "epdfview %f"
at the end of the file. Of course, you can also use xpdf, kpdf or whatever
as the print preview command.
Unfortunately, native GTK printing support is only available if Geany was
built against GTK 2.10 (or above) **and** is running with GTK 2.10 (or above).
If not, Geany provides basic printing support. This means you can print a
file by passing the filename of the current file to a command which
actually prints the file. However, the printed document contains no syntax
highlighting. You can adjust the command to which the filename is
passed in the preferences dialog. The default command is::
% lpr %f
``%f`` will be substituted by the filename of the current file. Geany
will not show errors from the command itself, so you should make
sure that it works before(e.g. by trying to execute it from the
command line).
A nicer example, which I prefer is::
% a2ps -1 --medium=A4 -o - %f | xfprint4
But this depends on a2ps and xfprint4. As a replacement for xfprint4,
gtklp or similar programs can be used.
Plugins
-------
Plugins are loaded at startup, if the *Enable plugin support*
general preference is set. There is also a command-line option,
``-p``, which prevents plugins being loaded. Plugins are scanned in
the following directories:
* ``$prefix/lib/geany`` (``$prefix`` is usually ``/usr/local`` or
``/usr``)
* ``~/.geany/plugins``
Most plugins add menu items to the *Tools* menu when they are loaded.
Since Geany 0.13, there is a Plugin Manager to let you choose which plugins
should be loaded at startup. You can also load and unload plugins on the
fly using this dialog. Once you click the checkbox for a specific plugin
in the dialog, it is loaded or unloaded according to its previous state.
By default, no plugins are loaded at startup until you select some.
You can also configure some plugin specific options when the plugin
provides some.
Keybindings
-----------
Geany supports the default keyboard shortcuts for the Scintilla
editing widget. For a list of these commands, see `Scintilla
keyboard commands`_. The Scintilla keyboard shortcuts will be overridden
by any custom keybindings with the same keyboard shortcut.
Switching documents
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
There are a few non-configurable bindings to switch between documents,
listed below. These can also be overridden by custom keybindings.
=============== ==================================
Key Action
=============== ==================================
Alt-[1-9] Select left-most tab, from 1 to 9.
Alt-0 Select right-most tab.
Ctrl-Shift-PgUp Select left-most tab.
Ctrl-Shift-PgDn Select right-most tab.
=============== ==================================
Configurable keybindings
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
For all actions listed below you can define your own keybindings. Open
the Preferences dialog, select the desired action and click on
change. In the opening dialog you can press any key combination you
want and it will be saved when you press OK. You can define only one
key combination for one action.
Some of the default key combinations cannot be changed, e.g. menu_new
or menu_open. These are set by GTK and should be kept, but you can
still add other key combinations for these actions. For example to
execute menu_open by default *Ctrl-O* is set, but you can also define
*Alt-O*, so that the file open dialog is shown by pressing either
*Ctrl-O* or *Alt-O*.
The following table lists all customizable keyboard shortcuts.
=============================== ========================= =========================================
Action Default shortcut Description
=============================== ========================= =========================================
**File menu**
New Ctrl-N Creates a new file.
Open Ctrl-O Opens a file.
Save Ctrl-S Saves the current file.
Save As Saves the current file under a new name.
Save all Ctrl-Shift-S Saves all open files.
Close all Ctrl-Shift-W Closes all open files.
Close Ctrl-W Closes the current file.
Reload file Ctrl-R Reloads the current file. All unsaved changes
will be lost.
Print Ctrl-P Prints the current file.
**Edit menu**
Undo Ctrl-Z Un-does the last action.
Redo Ctrl-Y Re-does the last action.
Cut Ctrl-X Cut the current selection to the clipboard.
Copy Ctrl-C Copy the current selection to the clipboard.
Paste Ctrl-V Paste the clipboard text into the current document.
Select all Ctrl-A Makes a selection of all text in the current
document.
Insert date Shift-Alt-D Inserts a customisable date.
Preferences Ctrl-Alt-P Opens preferences dialog.
**Search menu**
Find Ctrl-F Opens the Find dialog.
Find Next Ctrl-G Finds next result.
Find Previous Ctrl-Shift-G Finds previous result.
Replace Ctrl-H Opens the Replace dialog.
Find in files Ctrl-Shift-F Opens the Find in files dialog.
Next message Jumps to the line with the next message from
the last call to Find usage.
Go to line Ctrl-L Opens the Go to line dialog.
**View menu**
Fullscreen F11 Switches to fullscreen mode.
Toggle Messages Window Toggles the message window (status and compiler
messages) on and off.
Toggle Sidebar Shows or hides the sidebar.
Toggle all additional widgets Hide and show all additional widgets like the
notebook tabs, the toolbar, the messages window
and the statusbar.
**Document menu**
Zoom In Ctrl-+ Zooms in the text
Zoom Out Ctrl-- Zooms out the text
Replace tabs by space Replaces all tabs with the right amount of spaces.
Fold all Folds all contractible code blocks.
Unfold all Unfolds all contracted code blocks.
**Build menu**
Compile F8 Compiles the current file.
Build F9 Builds (compiles if necessary and links) the
current file.
Make all Shift-F9 Builds the current file with the Make tool.
Make custom target Ctrl-Shift-F9 Builds the current file with the Make tool and a
given target.
Make object Compiles the current file with the Make tool.
Next error Jumps to the line with the next error from the
last build process.
Run F5 Executes the current file in a terminal emulation.
Run (alternative command) Executes the current file in a terminal emulation.
Build options Opens the build options dialog.
**Tools menu**
Show Color Chooser Opens the Colour Chooser dialog.
**Help menu**
Help F1 Opens the manual.
**Miscellaneous**
Reload symbol list Ctrl-Shift-R Reloads the tag/symbol list.
Switch to Editor F2 Switches to editor widget.
Switch to Scribble F6 Switches to scribble widget.
Switch to VTE F4 Switches to VTE widget.
Switch to Search Bar F7 Switches to the search bar in the toolbar (if
visible).
Switch to left document Ctrl-PageUp Switches to the previous open document.
Switch to right document Ctrl-PageDown Switches to the next open document.
Switch to last used document Ctrl-Tab Switches to the previously selected open document.
Move document left Alt-PageUp Changes the current document with the left hand
one.
Move document right Alt-PageDown Changes the current document with the right hand
one.
Move document first Moves the current document to the first position.
Move document last Moves the current document to the last position.
Navigate forward a location Switches to the next location in the navigation
history. See the section called `Code Navigation
History`_.
Navigate back a location Switches to the previous location in the
navigation history. See the section called
`Code Navigation History`_.
**Editing operations**
Toggle case of selection Ctrl-Alt-U Changes the case of the selection. A lowercase
selection will be changed into uppercase and vice
versa. If the selection contains lower- and
uppercase characters, all will be converted to
lowercase.
Duplicate line or selection Ctrl-D Duplicates the current line or selection.
Delete current line(s) Ctrl-K Deletes the current line (and any lines with a
selection).
Cut current line(s) Ctrl-Shift-X Cuts the current line (and any lines with a
selection) to the clipboard.
Copy current line(s) Ctrl-Shift-C Copies the current line (and any lines with a
selection) to the clipboard.
Transpose current line Ctrl-T Transposes the current line with the previous one.
Comment line Comments current line or selection.
Uncomment line Uncomments current line or selection.
Toggle line commentation Ctrl-E Comments a line if it is not commented or removes
a comment if the line is commented.
Increase indent Ctrl-I Indents the current line or selection by one tab
or by spaces in the amount of the tab width
setting.
Decrease indent Ctrl-U Removes one tabulator or the amount fo spaces of
the tab width setting from the indentation of the
current line or selection.
Increase indent by one space Indents the current line or selection by one
space.
Decrease indent by one space Deindents the current line or selection by one
space.
Smart line indent Indents the current line or all selected lines
with the same intentation as the previous line.
Goto matching brace Ctrl-B If the cursor is ahead or behind a brace, then it
is moved to the brace which belongs to the current
one. If this keyboard shortcut is pressed again,
the cursor is moved back to the first brace.
Toggle marker Ctrl-M Set a marker on the current line, or clear the
marker if there already is one.
Goto next marker Ctrl-. Goto the next marker in the current document.
Goto previous marker Ctrl-, Goto the previous marker in the current document.
Complete word Ctrl-Space Shows auto completion list.
Show calltip Alt-Space (Unix) Shows call tips for the current function or
Alt-Shift-Space (Windows) method.
Show macro list Ctrl-Return Shows a list of available macros and variables in
the workspace.
Complete snippet Tab If you type a construct like if or for and press
this key, it will be completed with a matching
template.
Suppress snippet completion If you type a construct like if or for and press
this key, it will not be completed, and a space or
tab will be inserted, depending on what the
construct completion keybinding is set to. For
example, if you have set the construct completion
keybinding to space, then setting this to
Shift+space will prevent construct completion and
insert a space.
Select current word Alt-Shift-W Selects the current word under the cursor.
Select current paragraph Alt-Shift-P Selects the current paragraph under the cursor
which is defined by two empty lines around it.
Select current line(s) Alt-Shift-L Selects the current line under the cursor (and any
partially selected lines).
Scroll to current line Ctrl-Shift-L Scrolls the current line into the centre of the
view. The cursor position and or an existing
selection will not be changed.
Insert alternative whitespace Inserts a tabulator character when spaces should
be used for indentation and inserts space
characters of the amount of a tabulator width when
tabulators should be used for indentation.
**Popup menu**
Find Usage Finds all occurrences of the current word (near
the keyboard cursor) or selection and displays
them in the messages window.
Go to tag definition Jump to the definition of the current word (near
the keyboard cursor). If the definition cannot be
found (e.g. the relevant file is not open) Geany
will beep and do nothing. See the section called
`Go to tag definition`_.
Go to tag declaration Jump to the declaration of the current word (near
the keyboard cursor). If the declaration cannot be
found (e.g. the relevant file is not open) Geany
will beep and do nothing. See the section called
`Go to tag declaration`_.
Context Action Executes a command and passes the current word
(near the cursor postion) or selection as an
argument. See the section called `Context
actions`_.
=============================== ========================= =========================================
Configuration files
===================
Global configuration file
-------------------------
You can use a global configuration file for Geany which will be used if
the user starts Geany for the first time and an user's configuration
file was not yet created or in case an user deleted the configuration
file to use default values.
The global configuration file is read from
``$prefix/share/geany/geany.conf`` (where ``$prefix`` is the path where
Geany is installed) when starting Geany and an user configuration
file does not exist. It can contain any settings which are found in
the usual configuration file created by Geany but does not have to
contain all settings.
.. note::
This feature is mainly intended for package maintainers or system
admins who want to set up Geany in a multi user environment and
set some sane default values for this environment. Usual users won't
need to do that.
Filetype definition files
-------------------------
All colour definitions and other filetype specific settings are
stored in the filetype definition files. Those settings are colours
for syntax highlighting, general settings like comment characters or
word delimiter characters as well as compiler and linker settings.
The system-wide configuration files can be found in
``$prefix/share/geany`` and are called ``filetypes.$ext``,
where ``$prefix`` is the path where Geany is installed (commonly
``/usr/local``) and $ext is the name of the filetype. For every
filetype there is a corresponding definition file. There is one
exception: ``filetypes.common`` -- this file is for general settings,
which are not specific to a certain filetype. It is not recommended
to edit the system-wide files, because they will be overridden when
Geany is updated.
To change the settings, copy a file from ``$prefix/share/geany`` to
the subdirectory filedefs in your configuration directory (usually
``~/.geany/``).
For example::
% cp /usr/local/share/geany/filetypes.c /home/username/.geany/filedefs/
Then you can edit the file and the changes are also
available after an update of Geany because they reside in your
configuration directory. Alternatively, you can create a file
``~/.geany/filedefs/filetypes.X`` and add only these settings you want
to change. All missing settings will be read from the corresponding
global definition file in ``$prefix/share/geany``.
Format
^^^^^^
[styling] Section
`````````````````
In this section the colours for syntax highlighting are defined. The
format is always: key=forground_colour;background_colour;bold;italic
Colours have to be specified as RGB hex values prefixed by
0x. For example red is 0xff0000, blue is 0x0000ff. The values are
case-insensitive, but it is a good idea to use small letters. Bold
and italic are flags and should only be "true" or "false". If their
value is something other than "true" or "false", "false" is assumed.
[keywords] Section
``````````````````
This section contains keys for different keyword lists specific to
the filetype. Some filetypes do not support keywords, so adding a
new key will not work. You can only add or remove keywords to/from
an existing list.
.. important::
The keywords list must be in one line without line ending characters.
[settings] Section
``````````````````
extension
This is the default file extension used when saving files, not
including the period character (``.``). The extension used should
match one of the patterns associated with that filetype (see
`Filetype extensions`_).
*Example:* ``extension=cxx``
wordchars
These characters define word boundaries when making selections
and searching using word matching options.
*Example:* (look at system filetypes.\* files)
comment_open
A character or string which is used to comment code. If you want to
use multiline comments, also set comment_close, otherwise leave it
empty.
*Example:* ``comment_open=/*``
comment_close
If multiline comments are used, this is the character or string to
close the comment.
*Example:* ``comment_close=*/``
comment_use_indent
Set this to false if a comment character or string should start at
column 0 of a line. If set to true it uses any indentation of the
line.
Note: Comment indentation
``comment_use_indent=true`` would generate this if a line is
commented (e.g. with Ctrl-D)::
#command_example();
``comment_use_indent=false`` would generate this if a line is
commented (e.g. with Ctrl-D)::
# command_example();
Note: This setting only works for single line comments (like '//',
'#' or ';').
*Example:* ``comment_use_indent=true``
context_action_cmd
A command which can be executed on a certain word or the current
selection. Example usage: Open the API documentation for the
current function call at the cursor position. The command can
be set for every filetype or if not set, a global command will
be used. The command itself can be specified without the full
path, then it is searched in $PATH. But for security reasons,
it is recommended to specify the full path to the command. The
wildcard %s will be replaced by the current word at the cursor
position or by the current selection.
Hint: for PHP files the following could be quite useful:
context_action_cmd=firefox "http://www.php.net/%s"
*Example:* ``context_action_cmd=devhelp -s "%s"``
[build_settings] Section
````````````````````````
compiler
This item specifies the command to compile source code files. But
it is also possible to use it with interpreted languages like Perl
or Python. With these filetypes you can use this option as a kind of
syntax parser, which sends output to the compiler message window.
You should quote the filename to also support filenames with
spaces. The following wildcards for filenames are available:
* %f -- complete filename without path
* %e -- filename without path and without extension
*Example:* ``compiler=gcc -Wall -c "%f"``
linker
This item specifies the command to link the file. If the file is not
already compiled, it will be compiled while linking. The -o option
is automatically added by Geany. This item works well with GNU gcc,
but may be problematic with other compilers (esp. with the linker).
*Example:* ``linker=gcc -Wall "%f"``
run_cmd
Use this item to execute your file. It has to have been built
already. Use the %e wildcard to have only the name of the executable
(i.e. without extension) or use the %f wildcard if you need the
complete filename, e.g. for shell scripts.
*Example:* ``run_cmd="./%e"``
Special file filetypes.common
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
There is a special filetype definition file called
filetypes.common. This file defines some general non-filetype-specific
settings.
default
This is the default style. It is used for styling files without a
filetype set.
*Example:* ``default=0x000000;0xffffff;false;false``
selection
The style for colouring selected text. The format is:
* Foreground colour
* Background colour
* Use foreground colour
* Use background colour
The colours are only set if the 3rd or 4th argument is true. When
the colours are not overridden, the default is a dark grey
background with syntax highlighted foreground text.
*Example:* ``selection=0xc0c0c0;0x00007F;true;true``
brace_good
The style for brace highlighting when a matching brace was found.
*Example:* ``brace_good=0xff0000;0xFFFFFF;true;false``
brace_bad
The style for brace highlighting when no matching brace was found.
*Example:* ``brace_bad=0x0000ff;0xFFFFFF;true;false``
caret
The style for colouring the caret(the blinking cursor). Only first
and third argument is interpreted.
Set the third argument to true to change the caret into a block caret.
*Example:* ``caret=0x000000;0x0;false;false``
caret_width
The width for the caret(the blinking cursor). Only the first
argument is interpreted. The width is specified in pixels with
a maximum of three pixel. Use the width 0 to make the caret
invisible.
*Example:* ``caret=1;0;false;false``
current_line
The style for colouring the background of the current line. Only
the second and third arguments are interpreted. The second argument
is the background colour. Use the third argument to enable or
disable background highlighting for the current line (has to be
true/false).
*Example:* ``current_line=0x0;0xe5e5e5;true;false``
indent_guide
The style for colouring the indentation guides. Only the first and
second arguments are interpreted.
*Example:* ``indent_guide=0xc0c0c0;0xffffff;false;false``
white_space
The style for colouring the white space if it is shown. The first
both arguments define the foreground and background colours, the
third argument sets whether to use the defined foreground colour
or to use the colour defined by each filetype for the white space.
The fourth argument defines whether to use the background colour.
*Example:* ``white_space=0xc0c0c0;0xffffff;true;true``
folding_style
The style of folding icons. Only first and second arguments are
used.
Valid values for the first argument are:
* 1 -- for boxes
* 2 -- for circles
Valid values for the second argument are:
* 1 -- for straight lines
* 2 -- for curved lines
*Example:* ``folding_style=1;1;false;false``
folding_horiz_line
Draw a thin horizontal line at the line where text is folded. Only
first argument is used.
Valid values for the first argument are:
* 0 -- disable, do not draw a line
* 1 -- draw the line above folded text
* 2 -- draw the line below folded text
*Example:* ``folding_horiz_line=0;0;false;false``
invert_all
Whether to invert all defined colours. This is useful if you like a
dark background colour(e.g. black) and do not want to change every
single line. Please note, at time of writing this was only tested
with the C syntax highlighting.
Only first argument is interpreted. Set it to 1 to invert all
colours.
*Example:* ``invert_all=0;0;false;false``
line_wrap_visuals
First argument: drawing of visual flags to indicate a line is wrapped.
This is a bitmask of the values:
* 0 -- No visual flags
* 1 -- Visual flag at end of subline of a wrapped line
* 2 -- Visual flag at begin of subline of a wrapped line. Subline is
indented by at least 1 to make room for the flag.
Second argument: wether the visual flags to indicate a line is wrapped
are drawn near the border or near the text. This is a bitmask of the values:
* 0 -- Visual flags drawn near border
* 1 -- Visual flag at end of subline drawn near text
* 2 -- Visual flag at begin of subline drawn near text
Only first and second argument is interpreted.
*Example:* ``line_wrap_visuals=3;0;false;false``
line_wrap_indent
Sets the size of indentation of sublines for wrapped lines in terms
of the width of a space.
Only first argument is interpreted.
*Example:* ``line_wrap_indent=0;0;false;false``
translucency
Translucency for the current line(first argument) and the selection
(second argument). Values between 0 and 256 are accepted.
Note for Windows 95, 98 and ME users:
keep this value at 256 to disable translucency otherwise Geany might crash.
Only the first and second argument is interpreted.
*Example:* ``translucency=256;256;false;false``
whitespace_chars
Characters to treat as whitespace. These characters are ignored
when moving, selecting and deleting across word boundaries
(see `Scintilla keyboard commands`_).
This should include space (\\s) and tab (\\t).
*Example:* ``whitespace_chars=\s\t!\"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\\]^`{|}~``
Filetype extensions
-------------------
To change the default filetype extension used when saving a new file,
see `Filetype definition files`_.
You can override the list of file extensions that Geany uses for each
filetype using the ``filetype_extensions.conf`` file.
To override the system-wide configuration file, copy it from
``$prefix/share/geany`` to your configuration directory, usually
``~/.geany/``. ``$prefix`` is the path where Geany is installed
(commonly ``/usr/local``).
For example::
% cp /usr/local/share/geany/filetype_extensions.conf /home/username/.geany/
Then edit it and remove all the lines for filetype extensions that
you do not want to override. The remaining lines can be edited after
the ``=`` sign, using a semi-colon separated list of patterns which
should be matched for that filetype.
For example, to set the filetype extensions for Make, the
``/home/username/.geany/filetype_extensions.conf`` file should
look like::
[Extensions]
Make=Makefile*;*.mk;Buildfile;
Templates
---------
Geany supports the following templates:
* ChangeLog entry
* File header
* Function description
* Short GPL notice
* Short BSD notice
* Filetype template
To use these templates, just open the Edit menu or open the popup menu
by right-clicking in the editor widget, and choose "Insert Comments"
and insert templates as you want.
Some templates (like File header or ChangeLog entry) will always be
inserted at the top of the file.
To insert a function description, the cursor must be inside
of the function, so that the function name can be determined
automatically. The description will be positioned correctly one line
above the function, just check it out. If the cursor is not inside
of a function or the function name cannot be determined, the inserted
function description won't contain the correct function name but "unknown"
instead.
Template metadata
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Metadata can be used with all templates, but by default user set
metadata is only used for the ChangeLog and File header templates.
In the configuration dialog you can find a tab "Templates" (see
`Template tab in preferences dialog`_). You can define the
default values which will be inserted in the templates. You should
restart Geany after making changes, because they are only read
at startup.
Filetype templates
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Filetype templates are templates used as the basis of a new file. To
use them, choose the *New (with Template)* menu item from the *File*
menu.
By default, templates are created for some filetypes. Other filetype
templates can be added by creating the appropriate template file and
restarting Geany. You can also edit the default filetype templates.
Filetype template files are read from the ``~/.geany/templates``
directory, and are named "filetype." followed by the filetype
name, e.g. "filetype.python", "filetype.sh", etc. If you are
unsure about the filetype name extensions, they are the same as
the filetype configuration file extensions, commonly installed in
``/usr/share/geany``, with the prefix "filetypes.".
The file's contents are just the text to place in the document,
except for the optional ``{fileheader}`` template wildcard. This can
be placed anywhere, but is usually on the first line of the file,
followed by a blank line.
There is also a template file ``template.none`` which is used when
the New command is used without a filetype. This is empty by default.
Customizing templates
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Each template can be customized to your needs. The templates are
stored in the ``~/.geany/templates/`` directory (see the section called
`Command line options`_ for further information about the configuration
directory). Just open the desired template with an editor (ideally,
Geany ;-) ) and edit the template to your needs. There are some
wildcards which will be automatically replaced by Geany at startup.
Template wildcards
``````````````````
All wildcards must be enclosed by "{" and "}", e.g. {date}.
============== ============================================= ==============
Wildcard Description Available in
============== ============================================= ==============
developer The name of the developer. filetypes, file header, function
description, ChangeLog entry, bsd,
gpl
initial The developer's initials, e.g. "ET" for filetypes, file header, function
Enrico Tröger or "JFD" for John Foobar Doe. description, ChangeLog entry, bsd,
gpl
mail The email address of the developer. file header, function description,
ChangeLog entry, bsd, gpl
company The company the developer is working for. filetypes, file header, function
description, ChangeLog entry, bsd,
gpl
year The current year in the format: YYYY. filetypes, file header, function
description, ChangeLog entry, bsd,
gpl
version The initial version of a new file. filetypes, file header, function
description, ChangeLog entry, bsd,
gpl
date The current date in the format: YYYY-MM-DD. filetypes, file header, function
description, ChangeLog entry, bsd,
gpl
untitled The string "untitled" (this will be filetypes, file header, function
translated to your locale), used in description, ChangeLog entry, bsd,
filetype templates. gpl
geanyversion The actual Geany version, e.g. filetypes, file header, function
"Geany |(version)|". description, ChangeLog entry, bsd,
gpl
datetime The current date and time in the format: file header, function description
DD.MM.YYYY HH:mm:ss ZZZZ.
filename The filename of the current file. file header
gpl This wildcard inserts a short GPL notice. file header
bsd This wildcard inserts a BSD licence notice. file header
functionname The function name of the function at the function description
cursor position. This wildcard will only be
replaced in the function description
template.
fileheader The file header template. This wildcard filetypes
will only be replaced in filetype
templates.
============== ============================================= ==============
Contributing to this document
=============================
This document (``geany.txt``) is written in `reStructuredText`__
(or "reST"). The source file for it is located in Geany's ``doc``
subdirectory. If you intend on making changes, you should grab the
source right from SVN to make sure you've got the newest version. After
editing the file, to build the HTML document to see how your changes
look, run "``make doc``" in the subdirectory ``doc`` of Geany's source
directory. This regenerates the ``geany.html`` file. To generate a PDF
file, use the command "``make pdf``" which should generate a file called
geany-|(version)|.pdf.
__ http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html
After you are happy with your changes, create a patch::
% svn diff geany.txt > foo.patch
and then submit that file to the mailing list for review.
Note, you will need the Python docutils software package installed
to build the docs. The package is named ``python-docutils`` on Debian
and Fedora systems.
Scintilla keyboard commands
===========================
Copyright © 1998, 2006 Neil Hodgson <neilh(at)scintilla(dot)org>
This appendix is distributed under the terms of the License for
Scintilla and SciTE. A copy of this license can be found in the file
``scintilla/License.txt`` included with the source code of this
program and in the appendix of this document. See `License for
Scintilla and SciTE`_.
20 June 2006
Keyboard commands
-----------------
Keyboard commands for Scintilla mostly follow common Windows and GTK+
conventions. All move keys (arrows, page up/down, home and end)
allows to extend or reduce the stream selection when holding the
Shift key, and the rectangular selection when holding the Shift and
Ctrl keys. Some keys may not be available with some national keyboards
or because they are taken by the system such as by a window manager
on GTK+. Keyboard equivalents of menu commands are listed in the
menus. Some less common commands with no menu equivalent are:
============================================= ======================
Action Shortcut key
============================================= ======================
Magnify text size. Ctrl+Keypad+
Reduce text size. Ctrl+Keypad-
Restore text size to normal. Ctrl+Keypad/
Indent block. Tab
Dedent block. Shift+Tab
Delete to start of word. Ctrl+BackSpace
Delete to end of word. Ctrl+Delete
Delete to start of line. Ctrl+Shift+BackSpace
Delete to end of line. Ctrl+Shift+Delete
Go to start of document. Ctrl+Home
Extend selection to start of document. Ctrl+Shift+Home
Go to start of display line. Alt+Home
Extend selection to start of display line. Alt+Shift+Home
Go to end of document. Ctrl+End
Extend selection to end of document. Ctrl+Shift+End
Go to end of display line. Alt+End
Extend selection to end of display line. Alt+Shift+End
Scroll up. Alt+Up
Scroll down. Alt+Down
Previous paragraph. Shift extends selection. Ctrl+Up
Next paragraph. Shift extends selection. Ctrl+Down
Previous word. Shift extends selection. Ctrl+Left
Next word. Shift extends selection. Ctrl+Right
Previous word part. Ctrl+/
Next word part. Ctrl+\\
============================================= ======================
Hidden preferences
==================
There are some uncommon preferences that are not shown in the Preferences
dialog. These can be set by editing ``~/.geany/geany.conf``, then
restarting Geany. Search for the key name, then edit the value. Example:
``brace_match_ltgt=true``
The table below show the key names of hidden preferences in the
configuration file.
================================ =========================================== ==================
Key Description Default
================================ =========================================== ==================
**[editor]**
brace_match_ltgt Whether to highlight <, > angle brackets. false
show_editor_scrollbars Whether to display scrollbars. If set to true
false, the horizontal and vertical
scrollbars are hidden completely.
use_tab_to_indent Whether pressing tab when a line is true
selected will indent the line.
use_gtk_word_boundaries Whether to look for the end of a word when true
using word-boundary related Scintilla
commands (see `Scintilla keyboard
commands`_).
complete_snippets_whilst_editing Whether to allow completion of snippets false
when editing an existing line (i.e. there
is some text after the current cursor
position on the line).
scroll_stop_at_last_line Disable scrolling past end of document false
**[interface]**
show_symbol_list_expanders Whether to show or hide the small expander true
icons on the symbol list treeview (only
available with GTK 2.12 or above).
================================ =========================================== ==================
Compile-time options
====================
There are some options which can only be changed at compile time. To
change these options, edit the file src/geany.h. Look for a block of
lines starting with ``#define GEANY_*``. Any definitions which are
not listed here should not be changed.
.. note::
Most users should not need to change these options.
============================== ============================================ ==================
Option Description Default
============================== ============================================ ==================
GEANY_WORDCHARS These characters define word boundaries when *look at sourcecode*
making selections and searching using word
matching options.
GEANY_MAX_AUTOCOMPLETE_WORDS How many auto completion suggestions should 30
Geany provide.
GEANY_MAX_AUTOCOMPLETE_HEIGHT How many suggestions should be visible in 10
the auto completion list.
GEANY_MIN_SYMBOLLIST_CHARS How many characters you need to type to 4
trigger the auto completion list.
GEANY_PROJECT_EXT The default filename extension for Geany geany
project files. It is used when creating new
projects and as filter mask for the project
open dialog.
GEANY_STRING_UNTITLED A string used as the default name for new untitled
files. Be aware that the string can be
translated, so change it only if you know
what you are doing.
GEANY_CHECK_FILE_DELAY Time in seconds between checking a file for 30
external changes.
GEANY_TOGGLE_MARK A string which is used to mark a toggled "~ "
comment.
external changes.
GEANY_WINDOW_MINIMAL_WIDTH The minimal width of the main window. 620
GEANY_WINDOW_MINIMAL_HEIGHT The minimal height of the main window. 440
GEANY_WINDOW_DEFAULT_WIDTH The default width of the main window at the 900
first start.
GEANY_WINDOW_DEFAULT_HEIGHT The default height of the main window at the 600
first start.
**Default values**
GEANY_DEFAULT_TOOLS_MAKE The make tool. This can also include a path. "make"
GEANY_DEFAULT_TOOLS_TERMINAL A terminal emulator. It has to accept the "xterm"
command line option "-e". This can also
include a path.
GEANY_DEFAULT_TOOLS_BROWSER A web browser. This can also include a path. "firefox"
GEANY_DEFAULT_TOOLS_PRINTCMD A printing tool. It should be able to accept "lpr"
and process plain text files. This can also
include a path.
GEANY_DEFAULT_TOOLS_GREP A grep tool. It should be compatible with "grep"
GNU grep. This can also include a path.
GEANY_DEFAULT_MRU_LENGHTH The length of the "Recent files" list. 10
GEANY_DEFAULT_FONT_SYMBOL_LIST The font used in sidebar to show symbols and "Sans 9"
open files.
GEANY_DEFAULT_FONT_MSG_WINDOW The font used in the messages window. "Sans 9"
GEANY_DEFAULT_FONT_EDITOR The font used in the editor window. "Monospace 10"
**Windows specific**
GEANY_USE_WIN32_DIALOG Set this to 1 if you want to use the default 0
Windows file open and save dialogs instead
GTK's file open and save dialogs. The
default Windows file dialogs are missing
some nice features like choosing a filetype
or an encoding. *Do not touch this setting
when building on a non-Win32 system.*
============================== ============================================ ==================
GNU General Public License
==========================
::
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 2, June 1991
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble
The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
your programs, too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
rights.
We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
distribute and/or modify the software.
Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
authors' reputations.
Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
modification follow.
GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,
refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
along with the Program.
You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
parties under the terms of this License.
c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
collective works based on the Program.
In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
the scope of this License.
3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
customarily used for software interchange; or,
c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
received the program in object code or executable form with such
an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source
code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a
special exception, the source code distributed need not include
anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
itself accompanies the executable.
If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
parties remain in full compliance.
5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are
prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by
modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
the Program or works based on it.
6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further
restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
this License.
7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot
distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
circumstances.
It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
impose that choice.
This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
be a consequence of the rest of this License.
8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates
the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
address new problems or concerns.
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of
this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
Foundation.
10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free
Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals
of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
NO WARRANTY
11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS
TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
when it starts in an interactive mode:
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may
be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
`Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
Ty Coon, President of Vice
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may
consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General
Public License instead of this License.
License for Scintilla and SciTE
===============================
Copyright 1998-2003 by Neil Hodgson <neilh(at)scintilla(dot)org>
All Rights Reserved
Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and
its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and
that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
supporting documentation.
NEIL HODGSON DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,
INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN
NO EVENT SHALL NEIL HODGSON BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS
OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
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