warzone2100/lib/netplay/netsocket.cpp

/*
	This file is part of Warzone 2100.
	Copyright (C) 1999-2004  Eidos Interactive
	Copyright (C) 2005-2010  Warzone Resurrection Project

	Warzone 2100 is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
	it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
	the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
	(at your option) any later version.

	Warzone 2100 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
	but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
	MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
	GNU General Public License for more details.

	You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
	along with Warzone 2100; if not, write to the Free Software
	Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
*/
/**
 * @file netsocket.cpp
 *
 * Basic raw socket handling code.
 */

#include "lib/framework/frame.h"
#include "netsocket.h"

#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

#if   defined(WZ_OS_UNIX)
# include <arpa/inet.h>
# include <errno.h>
# include <fcntl.h>
# include <netdb.h>
# include <netinet/in.h>
# include <sys/ioctl.h>
# include <sys/socket.h>
# include <sys/types.h>
# include <sys/select.h>
# include <unistd.h>
typedef int SOCKET;
static const SOCKET INVALID_SOCKET = -1;
#elif defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
# include <winsock2.h>
# include <ws2tcpip.h>
# undef EAGAIN
# undef EBADF
# undef ECONNRESET
# undef EINPROGRESS
# undef EINTR
# undef EISCONN
# undef ETIMEDOUT
# undef EWOULDBLOCK
# define EAGAIN      WSAEWOULDBLOCK
# define EBADF       WSAEBADF
# define ECONNRESET  WSAECONNRESET
# define EINPROGRESS WSAEINPROGRESS
# define EINTR       WSAEINTR
# define EISCONN     WSAEISCONN
# define ETIMEDOUT   WSAETIMEDOUT
# define EWOULDBLOCK WSAEWOULDBLOCK
typedef SSIZE_T ssize_t;
# ifndef AI_V4MAPPED
#  define AI_V4MAPPED	0x0008	/* IPv4 mapped addresses are acceptable.  */
# endif
# ifndef AI_ADDRCONFIG
#  define AI_ADDRCONFIG	0x0020	/* Use configuration of this host to choose returned address type..  */
# endif
#endif

// Fallback for systems that don't #define this flag
#ifndef MSG_NOSIGNAL
# define MSG_NOSIGNAL 0
#endif

enum
{
	SOCK_CONNECTION,
	SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN = SOCK_CONNECTION,
	SOCK_IPV6_LISTEN,
	SOCK_COUNT,
};

struct Socket
{
	/* Multiple socket handles only for listening sockets. This allows us
	 * to listen on multiple protocols and address families (e.g. IPv4 and
	 * IPv6).
	 *
	 * All non-listening sockets will only use the first socket handle.
	 */
	SOCKET fd[SOCK_COUNT];
	bool ready;
	char textAddress[40];
};

struct SocketSet
{
	std::vector<Socket *> fds;
};


bool socketReadReady(Socket const *sock)
{
	return sock->ready;
}

int getSockErr(void)
{
#if   defined(WZ_OS_UNIX)
	return errno;
#elif defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
	return WSAGetLastError();
#endif
}

void setSockErr(int error)
{
#if   defined(WZ_OS_UNIX)
	errno = error;
#elif defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
	WSASetLastError(error);
#endif
}

#if defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
static HMODULE winsock2_dll = NULL;
static unsigned int major_windows_version = 0;
static int (WINAPI * getaddrinfo_dll_func)(const char *node, const char *service,
                                           const struct addrinfo *hints,
                                           struct addrinfo **res) = NULL;

static int (WINAPI * freeaddrinfo_dll_func)(struct addrinfo *res) = NULL;

# define getaddrinfo  getaddrinfo_dll_dispatcher
# define freeaddrinfo freeaddrinfo_dll_dispatcher

static int getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
                       const struct addrinfo *hints,
                       struct addrinfo **res)
{
	struct addrinfo hint;
	if (hints)
	{
		memcpy(&hint, hints, sizeof(hint));
	}

	switch (major_windows_version)
	{
		case 0:
		case 1:
		case 2:
		case 3:
		// Windows 95, 98 and ME
		case 4:
			debug(LOG_ERROR, "Name resolution isn't supported on this version (%u) of Windows", major_windows_version);
			return EAI_FAIL;

		// Windows 2000, XP and Server 2003
		case 5:
			if (hints)
			{
				// These flags are only supported from version 6 and onward
				hint.ai_flags &= ~(AI_V4MAPPED | AI_ADDRCONFIG);
			}
		// Windows Vista and Server 2008
		case 6:
		// Onward (aka: in the future)
		default:
			if (!winsock2_dll)
			{
				debug(LOG_ERROR, "Failed to load winsock2 DLL. Required for name resolution.");
				return EAI_FAIL;
			}

			if (!getaddrinfo_dll_func)
			{
				debug(LOG_ERROR, "Failed to retrieve \"getaddrinfo\" function from winsock2 DLL. Required for name resolution.");
				return EAI_FAIL;
			}

			return getaddrinfo_dll_func(node, service, hints ? &hint: NULL, res);
	}
}

static void freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
{
	switch (major_windows_version)
	{
		case 0:
		case 1:
		case 2:
		case 3:
		// Windows 95, 98 and ME
		case 4:
			debug(LOG_ERROR, "Name resolution isn't supported on this version (%u) of Windows", major_windows_version);
			return;

		// Windows 2000, XP and Server 2003
		case 5:
		// Windows Vista and Server 2008
		case 6:
		// Onward (aka: in the future)
		default:
			if (!winsock2_dll)
			{
				debug(LOG_ERROR, "Failed to load winsock2 DLL. Required for name resolution.");
				return;
			}

			if (!freeaddrinfo_dll_func)
			{
				debug(LOG_ERROR, "Failed to retrieve \"freeaddrinfo\" function from winsock2 DLL. Required for name resolution.");
				return;
			}

			freeaddrinfo_dll_func(res);
	}
}
#endif

static int addressToText(const struct sockaddr* addr, char* buf, size_t size)
{
	switch (addr->sa_family)
	{
		case AF_INET:
		{
			unsigned char* address = (unsigned char*)&((const struct sockaddr_in*)addr)->sin_addr.s_addr;

			return snprintf(buf, size,
			"%hhu.%hhu.%hhu.%hhu",
				address[0],
				address[1],
				address[2],
				address[3]);
		}
		case AF_INET6:
		{
			uint16_t* address = (uint16_t*)&((const struct sockaddr_in6*)addr)->sin6_addr.s6_addr;

			return snprintf(buf, size,
			"%hx:%hx:%hx:%hx:%hx:%hx:%hx:%hx",
				ntohs(address[0]),
				ntohs(address[1]),
				ntohs(address[2]),
				ntohs(address[3]),
				ntohs(address[4]),
				ntohs(address[5]),
				ntohs(address[6]),
				ntohs(address[7]));
		}
		default:
			ASSERT(!"Unknown address family", "Got non IPv4 or IPv6 address!");
			return -1;
	}
}

const char* strSockError(int error)
{
#if   defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
	switch (error)
	{
		case 0:                     return "No error";
		case WSAEINTR:              return "Interrupted system call";
		case WSAEBADF:              return "Bad file number";
		case WSAEACCES:             return "Permission denied";
		case WSAEFAULT:             return "Bad address";
		case WSAEINVAL:             return "Invalid argument";
		case WSAEMFILE:             return "Too many open sockets";
		case WSAEWOULDBLOCK:        return "Operation would block";
		case WSAEINPROGRESS:        return "Operation now in progress";
		case WSAEALREADY:           return "Operation already in progress";
		case WSAENOTSOCK:           return "Socket operation on non-socket";
		case WSAEDESTADDRREQ:       return "Destination address required";
		case WSAEMSGSIZE:           return "Message too long";
		case WSAEPROTOTYPE:         return "Protocol wrong type for socket";
		case WSAENOPROTOOPT:        return "Bad protocol option";
		case WSAEPROTONOSUPPORT:    return "Protocol not supported";
		case WSAESOCKTNOSUPPORT:    return "Socket type not supported";
		case WSAEOPNOTSUPP:         return "Operation not supported on socket";
		case WSAEPFNOSUPPORT:       return "Protocol family not supported";
		case WSAEAFNOSUPPORT:       return "Address family not supported";
		case WSAEADDRINUSE:         return "Address already in use";
		case WSAEADDRNOTAVAIL:      return "Can't assign requested address";
		case WSAENETDOWN:           return "Network is down";
		case WSAENETUNREACH:        return "Network is unreachable";
		case WSAENETRESET:          return "Net connection reset";
		case WSAECONNABORTED:       return "Software caused connection abort";
		case WSAECONNRESET:         return "Connection reset by peer";
		case WSAENOBUFS:            return "No buffer space available";
		case WSAEISCONN:            return "Socket is already connected";
		case WSAENOTCONN:           return "Socket is not connected";
		case WSAESHUTDOWN:          return "Can't send after socket shutdown";
		case WSAETOOMANYREFS:       return "Too many references, can't splice";
		case WSAETIMEDOUT:          return "Connection timed out";
		case WSAECONNREFUSED:       return "Connection refused";
		case WSAELOOP:              return "Too many levels of symbolic links";
		case WSAENAMETOOLONG:       return "File name too long";
		case WSAEHOSTDOWN:          return "Host is down";
		case WSAEHOSTUNREACH:       return "No route to host";
		case WSAENOTEMPTY:          return "Directory not empty";
		case WSAEPROCLIM:           return "Too many processes";
		case WSAEUSERS:             return "Too many users";
		case WSAEDQUOT:             return "Disc quota exceeded";
		case WSAESTALE:             return "Stale NFS file handle";
		case WSAEREMOTE:            return "Too many levels of remote in path";
		case WSASYSNOTREADY:        return "Network system is unavailable";
		case WSAVERNOTSUPPORTED:    return "Winsock version out of range";
		case WSANOTINITIALISED:     return "WSAStartup not yet called";
		case WSAEDISCON:            return "Graceful shutdown in progress";
		case WSAHOST_NOT_FOUND:     return "Host not found";
		case WSANO_DATA:            return "No host data of that type was found";
		default:                    return "Unknown error";
	}
#elif defined(WZ_OS_UNIX)
	return strerror(error);
#endif
}

/**
 * Test whether the given socket still has an open connection.
 *
 * @return true when the connection is open, false when it's closed or in an
 *         error state, check getSockErr() to find out which.
 */
static bool connectionIsOpen(Socket* sock)
{
	const SocketSet set = {std::vector<Socket *>(1, sock)};

	ASSERT_OR_RETURN((setSockErr(EBADF), false),
		sock && sock->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION] != INVALID_SOCKET, "Invalid socket");

	// Check whether the socket is still connected
	int ret = checkSockets(&set, 0);
	if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		return false;
	}
	else if (ret == (int)set.fds.size() && sock->ready)
	{
		/* The next recv(2) call won't block, but we're writing. So
		 * check the read queue to see if the connection is closed.
		 * If there's no data in the queue that means the connection
		 * is closed.
		 */
#if defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
		unsigned long readQueue;
		ret = ioctlsocket(sock->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], FIONREAD, &readQueue);
#else
		int readQueue;
		ret = ioctl(sock->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], FIONREAD, &readQueue);
#endif
		if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			debug(LOG_NET, "socket error");
			return false;
		}
		else if (readQueue == 0)
		{
			// Disconnected
			setSockErr(ECONNRESET);
			debug(LOG_NET, "Read queue empty - failing (ECONNRESET)");
			return false;
		}
	}

	return true;
}

/**
 * Similar to read(2) with the exception that this function won't be
 * interrupted by signals (EINTR).
 */
ssize_t readNoInt(Socket* sock, void* buf, size_t max_size)
{
	ssize_t received;

	if (sock->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION] == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		debug(LOG_ERROR, "Invalid socket");
		setSockErr(EBADF);
		return SOCKET_ERROR;
	}

	do
	{
		received = recv(sock->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], buf, max_size, 0);
	} while (received == SOCKET_ERROR && getSockErr() == EINTR);

	sock->ready = false;

	return received;
}

/**
 * Similar to write(2) with the exception that this function will block until
 * <em>all</em> data has been written or an error occurs.
 *
 * @return @c size when succesful or @c SOCKET_ERROR if an error occurred.
 */
ssize_t writeAll(Socket* sock, const void* buf, size_t size)
{
	size_t written = 0;

	if (!sock
	 || sock->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION] == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		debug(LOG_ERROR, "Invalid socket (EBADF)");
		setSockErr(EBADF);
		return SOCKET_ERROR;
	}

	while (written < size)
	{
		ssize_t ret;

		ret = send(sock->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], &((char*)buf)[written], size - written, MSG_NOSIGNAL);
		if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			switch (getSockErr())
			{
				case EAGAIN:
#if defined(EWOULDBLOCK) && EAGAIN != EWOULDBLOCK
				case EWOULDBLOCK:
#endif
					if (!connectionIsOpen(sock))
					{
						debug(LOG_NET, "Socket error");
						return SOCKET_ERROR;
					}
				case EINTR:
					continue;
#if defined(EPIPE)
				case EPIPE:
					debug(LOG_NET, "EPIPE generated");
					// fall through
#endif
				default:
					return SOCKET_ERROR;
			}
		}

		written += ret;
	}

	return written;
}

SocketSet *allocSocketSet()
{
	return new SocketSet;
}

void deleteSocketSet(SocketSet *set)
{
	delete set;
}

/**
 * Add the given socket to the given socket set.
 *
 * @return true if @c socket is succesfully added to @set.
 */
void SocketSet_AddSocket(SocketSet* set, Socket* socket)
{
	ASSERT_OR_RETURN(, set != NULL, "NULL SocketSet provided");
	ASSERT_OR_RETURN(, socket != NULL, "NULL Socket provided");

	/* Check whether this socket is already present in this set (i.e. it
	 * shouldn't be added again).
	 */
	size_t i = std::find(set->fds.begin(), set->fds.end(), socket) - set->fds.begin();
	if (i != set->fds.size())
	{
		debug(LOG_NET, "Already found, socket: (set->fds[%lu]) %p", (unsigned long)i, socket);
		return;
	}

	set->fds.push_back(socket);
	debug(LOG_NET, "Socket added: set->fds[%lu] = %p", (unsigned long)i, socket);
}

/**
 * Remove the given socket from the given socket set.
 */
void SocketSet_DelSocket(SocketSet* set, Socket* socket)
{
	ASSERT_OR_RETURN(, set != NULL, "NULL SocketSet provided");
	ASSERT_OR_RETURN(, socket != NULL, "NULL Socket provided");

	size_t i = std::find(set->fds.begin(), set->fds.end(), socket) - set->fds.begin();
	if (i != set->fds.size())
	{
		debug(LOG_NET, "Socket %p erased (set->fds[%lu])", socket, (unsigned long)i);
		set->fds.erase(set->fds.begin() + i);
	}
}

static bool setSocketBlocking(const SOCKET fd, bool blocking)
{
#if   defined(WZ_OS_UNIX)
	int sockopts = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);
	if (sockopts == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		debug(LOG_NET, "Failed to retrieve current socket options: %s", strSockError(getSockErr()));
		return false;
	}

	// Set or clear O_NONBLOCK flag
	if (blocking)
		sockopts &= ~O_NONBLOCK;
	else
		sockopts |= O_NONBLOCK;

	if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, sockopts) == SOCKET_ERROR)
#elif defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
	unsigned long nonblocking = !blocking;
	if (ioctlsocket(fd, FIONBIO, &nonblocking) == SOCKET_ERROR)
#endif
	{
		debug(LOG_NET, "Failed to set socket %sblocking: %s", (blocking ? "" : "non-"), strSockError(getSockErr()));
		return false;
	}

	debug(LOG_NET, "Socket is set to %sblocking.", (blocking ? "" : "non-"));
	return true;
}

static void socketBlockSIGPIPE(const SOCKET fd, bool block_sigpipe)
{
#if defined(SO_NOSIGPIPE)
	const int no_sigpipe = block_sigpipe ? 1 : 0;

	if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE, &no_sigpipe, sizeof(no_sigpipe)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		debug(LOG_INFO, "Failed to set SO_NOSIGPIPE on socket, SIGPIPE might be raised when connections gets broken. Error: %s", strSockError(getSockErr()));
	}
	// this is only for unix, windows don't have SIGPIPE
	debug(LOG_NET, "Socket fd %x sets SIGPIPE to %sblocked.", fd, (block_sigpipe ? "" : "non-"));
#else
	// Prevent warnings
	(void)fd;
	(void)block_sigpipe;
#endif
}

int checkSockets(const SocketSet* set, unsigned int timeout)
{
	if (set->fds.empty())
	{
		return 0;
	}

	int ret;
	fd_set fds;
#if   defined(WZ_OS_UNIX)
	SOCKET maxfd = INT_MIN;
#elif defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
	SOCKET maxfd = 0;
#endif

	for (size_t i = 0; i < set->fds.size(); ++i)
	{
		ASSERT(set->fds[i]->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION] != INVALID_SOCKET, "Invalid file descriptor!");

		maxfd = std::max(maxfd, set->fds[i]->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION]);
	}

	do
	{
		struct timeval tv = { timeout / 1000, (timeout % 1000) * 1000 };

		FD_ZERO(&fds);
		for (size_t i = 0; i < set->fds.size(); ++i)
		{
			const SOCKET fd = set->fds[i]->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION];

			FD_SET(fd, &fds);
		}

		ret = select(maxfd + 1, &fds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
	} while (ret == SOCKET_ERROR && getSockErr() == EINTR);

	if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		debug(LOG_ERROR, "select failed: %s", strSockError(getSockErr()));
		return SOCKET_ERROR;
	}

	for (size_t i = 0; i < set->fds.size(); ++i)
	{
		set->fds[i]->ready = FD_ISSET(set->fds[i]->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], &fds);
	}

	return ret;
}

/**
 * Similar to read(2) with the exception that this function won't be
 * interrupted by signals (EINTR) and will only return when <em>exactly</em>
 * @c size bytes have been received. I.e. this function blocks until all data
 * has been received or a timeout occurred.
 *
 * @param timeout When non-zero this function times out after @c timeout
 *                milliseconds. When zero this function blocks until success or
 *                an error occurs.
 *
 * @c return @c size when succesful, less than @c size but at least zero (0)
 * when the other end disconnected or a timeout occurred. Or @c SOCKET_ERROR if
 * an error occurred.
 */
ssize_t readAll(Socket* sock, void* buf, size_t size, unsigned int timeout)
{
	const SocketSet set = {std::vector<Socket *>(1, sock)};

	size_t received = 0;

	if (!sock
	 || sock->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION] == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		debug(LOG_ERROR, "Invalid socket (%p), sock->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION]=%x  (error: EBADF)", sock, sock->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION]);
		setSockErr(EBADF);
		return SOCKET_ERROR;
	}

	while (received < size)
	{
		ssize_t ret;

		// If a timeout is set, wait for that amount of time for data to arrive (or abort)
		if (timeout)
		{
			ret = checkSockets(&set, timeout);
			if (ret < (ssize_t)set.fds.size()
			 || !sock->ready)
			{
				if (ret == 0)
				{
					debug(LOG_NET, "socket (%p) has timed out.", socket);
					setSockErr(ETIMEDOUT);
				}
				debug(LOG_NET, "socket (%p) error.", socket);
				return SOCKET_ERROR;
			}
		}

		ret = recv(sock->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], &((char*)buf)[received], size - received, 0);
		sock->ready = false;
		if (ret == 0)
		{
			debug(LOG_NET, "Socket %x disconnected.", sock->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION]);
			setSockErr(ECONNRESET);
			return received;
		}

		if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			switch (getSockErr())
			{
				case EAGAIN:
#if defined(EWOULDBLOCK) && EAGAIN != EWOULDBLOCK
				case EWOULDBLOCK:
#endif
				case EINTR:
					continue;

				default:
					return SOCKET_ERROR;
			}
		}

		received += ret;
	}

	return received;
}

void socketClose(Socket* sock)
{
	unsigned int i;
	int err = 0;

	if (sock)
	{
		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(sock->fd); ++i)
		{
			if (sock->fd[i] != INVALID_SOCKET)
			{
#if   defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
				err = closesocket(sock->fd[i]);
#else
				err = close(sock->fd[i]);
#endif
				if (err)
				{
					debug(LOG_ERROR, "Failed to close socket %p: %s", sock, strSockError(getSockErr()));
				}

				/* Make sure that dangling pointers to this
				 * structure don't think they've got their
				 * hands on a valid socket.
				 */
				sock->fd[i] = INVALID_SOCKET;
			}
		}
		free(sock);
		sock = NULL;
	}
}

Socket *socketAccept(Socket *sock)
{
	unsigned int i;

	ASSERT(sock != NULL, "NULL Socket provided");

	/* Search for a socket that has a pending connection on it and accept
	 * the first one.
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(sock->fd); ++i)
	{
		if (sock->fd[i] != INVALID_SOCKET)
		{
			struct sockaddr_storage addr;
			socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(addr);
			Socket *conn;
			unsigned int j;

			const SOCKET newConn = accept(sock->fd[i], (struct sockaddr*)&addr, &addr_len);
			if (newConn == INVALID_SOCKET)
			{
				// Ignore the case where no connection is pending
				if (getSockErr() != EAGAIN
				 && getSockErr() != EWOULDBLOCK)
				{
					debug(LOG_ERROR, "accept failed for socket %p: %s", sock, strSockError(getSockErr()));
				}

				continue;
			}

			socketBlockSIGPIPE(newConn, true);

			conn = (Socket *)malloc(sizeof(*conn));
			if (conn == NULL)
			{
				debug(LOG_ERROR, "Out of memory!");
				abort();
				return NULL;
			}

			// Mark all unused socket handles as invalid
			for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(conn->fd); ++j)
			{
				conn->fd[j] = INVALID_SOCKET;
			}

			conn->ready = false;
			conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION] = newConn;

			sock->ready = false;

			addressToText((const struct sockaddr*)&addr, conn->textAddress, sizeof(conn->textAddress));
			debug(LOG_NET, "Incoming connection from [%s]:%d", conn->textAddress, (unsigned int)ntohs(((const struct sockaddr_in*)&addr)->sin_port));
			debug(LOG_NET, "Using socket %p", conn);
			return conn;
		}
	}

	return NULL;
}

Socket *socketOpen(const SocketAddress *addr, unsigned timeout)
{
	unsigned int i;
	int ret;

	Socket *const conn = (Socket *)malloc(sizeof(*conn));
	if (conn == NULL)
	{
		debug(LOG_ERROR, "Out of memory!");
		abort();
		return NULL;
	}

	ASSERT(addr != NULL, "NULL Socket provided");

	addressToText(addr->ai_addr, conn->textAddress, sizeof(conn->textAddress));
	debug(LOG_NET, "Connecting to [%s]:%d", conn->textAddress, (int)ntohs(((const struct sockaddr_in*)addr->ai_addr)->sin_port));

	// Mark all unused socket handles as invalid
	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(conn->fd); ++i)
	{
		conn->fd[i] = INVALID_SOCKET;
	}

	conn->ready = false;
	conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION] = socket(addr->ai_family, addr->ai_socktype, addr->ai_protocol);

	if (conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION] == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		debug(LOG_ERROR, "Failed to create a socket (%p): %s", conn, strSockError(getSockErr()));
		socketClose(conn);
		return NULL;
	}

	debug(LOG_NET, "setting socket (%p) blocking status (false).", conn);
	if (!setSocketBlocking(conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], false))
	{
		debug(LOG_NET, "Couldn't set socket (%p) blocking status (false).  Closing.", conn);
		socketClose(conn);
		return NULL;
	}

	socketBlockSIGPIPE(conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], true);

	ret = connect(conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], addr->ai_addr, addr->ai_addrlen);
	if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
	{
		fd_set conReady;
#if   defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
		fd_set conFailed;
#endif

		if ((getSockErr() != EINPROGRESS
		  && getSockErr() != EAGAIN
		  && getSockErr() != EWOULDBLOCK)
#if   defined(WZ_OS_UNIX)
		 || conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION] >= FD_SETSIZE
#endif
		 || timeout == 0)
		{
			debug(LOG_NET, "Failed to start connecting: %s, using socket %p", strSockError(getSockErr()), conn);
			socketClose(conn);
			return NULL;
		}

		do
		{
			struct timeval tv = { timeout / 1000, (timeout % 1000) * 1000 };

			FD_ZERO(&conReady);
			FD_SET(conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], &conReady);
#if   defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
			FD_ZERO(&conFailed);
			FD_SET(conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], &conFailed);
#endif

#if   defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
			ret = select(conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION] + 1, NULL, &conReady, &conFailed, &tv);
#else
			ret = select(conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION] + 1, NULL, &conReady, NULL, &tv);
#endif
		} while (ret == SOCKET_ERROR && getSockErr() == EINTR);

		if (ret == SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			debug(LOG_NET, "Failed to wait for connection: %s, socket %p.  Closing.", strSockError(getSockErr()), conn);
			socketClose(conn);
			return NULL;
		}

		if (ret == 0)
		{
			setSockErr(ETIMEDOUT);
			debug(LOG_NET, "Timed out while waiting for connection to be established: %s, using socket %p.  Closing.", strSockError(getSockErr()), conn);
			socketClose(conn);
			return NULL;
		}

#if   defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
		ASSERT(FD_ISSET(conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], &conReady) || FD_ISSET(conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], &conFailed), "\"sock\" is the only file descriptor in set, it should be the one that is set.");
#else
		ASSERT(FD_ISSET(conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], &conReady), "\"sock\" is the only file descriptor in set, it should be the one that is set.");
#endif

#if   defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
		if (FD_ISSET(conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], &conFailed))
#elif defined(WZ_OS_UNIX)
		if (connect(conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], addr->ai_addr, addr->ai_addrlen) == SOCKET_ERROR
		 && getSockErr() != EISCONN)
#endif
		{
			debug(LOG_NET, "Failed to connect: %s, with socket %p.  Closing.", strSockError(getSockErr()), conn);
			socketClose(conn);
			return NULL;
		}
	}

	debug(LOG_NET, "setting socket (%p) blocking status (true).", conn);
	if (!setSocketBlocking(conn->fd[SOCK_CONNECTION], true))
	{
		debug(LOG_NET, "Failed to set socket %p blocking status (true).  Closing.", conn);
		socketClose(conn);
		return NULL;
	}

	return conn;
}

Socket *socketListen(unsigned int port)
{
	/* Enable the V4 to V6 mapping, but only when available, because it
	 * isn't available on all platforms.
	 */
#if defined(IPV6_V6ONLY)
	static const int ipv6_v6only = 0;
#endif
	static const int so_reuseaddr = 1;

	struct sockaddr_in addr4;
	struct sockaddr_in6 addr6;
	unsigned int i;

	Socket *const conn = (Socket *)malloc(sizeof(*conn));
	if (conn == NULL)
	{
		debug(LOG_ERROR, "Out of memory!");
		abort();
		return NULL;
	}

	// Mark all unused socket handles as invalid
	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(conn->fd); ++i)
	{
		conn->fd[i] = INVALID_SOCKET;
	}

	strncpy(conn->textAddress, "LISTENING SOCKET", sizeof(conn->textAddress));

	// Listen on all local IPv4 and IPv6 addresses for the given port
	addr4.sin_family      = AF_INET;
	addr4.sin_port        = htons(port);
	addr4.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;

	addr6.sin6_family   = AF_INET6;
	addr6.sin6_port     = htons(port);
	addr6.sin6_addr     = in6addr_any;
	addr6.sin6_flowinfo = 0;
	addr6.sin6_scope_id = 0;

	conn->ready = false;
	conn->fd[SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN] = socket(addr4.sin_family, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
	conn->fd[SOCK_IPV6_LISTEN] = socket(addr6.sin6_family, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

	if (conn->fd[SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN] == INVALID_SOCKET
	 && conn->fd[SOCK_IPV6_LISTEN] == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		debug(LOG_ERROR, "Failed to create an IPv4 and IPv6 (only supported address families) socket (%p): %s.  Closing.", conn, strSockError(getSockErr()));
		socketClose(conn);
		return NULL;
	}

	if (conn->fd[SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN] != INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		debug(LOG_NET, "Successfully created an IPv4 socket (%p)", conn);
	}

	if (conn->fd[SOCK_IPV6_LISTEN] != INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		debug(LOG_NET, "Successfully created an IPv6 socket (%p)", conn);
	}

#if defined(IPV6_V6ONLY)
	if (conn->fd[SOCK_IPV6_LISTEN] != INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		if (setsockopt(conn->fd[SOCK_IPV6_LISTEN], IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_V6ONLY, &ipv6_v6only, sizeof(ipv6_v6only)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			debug(LOG_INFO, "Failed to set IPv6 socket to perform IPv4 to IPv6 mapping. Falling back to using two sockets. Error: %s", strSockError(getSockErr()));
		}
		else
		{
			debug(LOG_NET, "Successfully enabled IPv4 to IPv6 mapping. Cleaning up IPv4 socket.");
#if   defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
			closesocket(conn->fd[SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN]);
#else
			close(conn->fd[SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN]);
#endif
			conn->fd[SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN] = INVALID_SOCKET;
		}
	}
#endif

	if (conn->fd[SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN] != INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		if (setsockopt(conn->fd[SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN], SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &so_reuseaddr, sizeof(so_reuseaddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			debug(LOG_WARNING, "Failed to set SO_REUSEADDR on IPv4 socket. Error: %s", strSockError(getSockErr()));
		}

		debug(LOG_NET, "setting socket (%p) blocking status (false, IPv4).", conn);
		if (bind(conn->fd[SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN], (const struct sockaddr*)&addr4, sizeof(addr4)) == SOCKET_ERROR
		 || listen(conn->fd[SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN], 5) == SOCKET_ERROR
		 || !setSocketBlocking(conn->fd[SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN], false))
		{
			debug(LOG_ERROR, "Failed to set up IPv4 socket for listening on port %u: %s", port, strSockError(getSockErr()));
#if   defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
			closesocket(conn->fd[SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN]);
#else
			close(conn->fd[SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN]);
#endif
			conn->fd[SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN] = INVALID_SOCKET;
		}
	}

	if (conn->fd[SOCK_IPV6_LISTEN] != INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		if (setsockopt(conn->fd[SOCK_IPV6_LISTEN], SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &so_reuseaddr, sizeof(so_reuseaddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
		{
			debug(LOG_INFO, "Failed to set SO_REUSEADDR on IPv6 socket. Error: %s", strSockError(getSockErr()));
		}

		debug(LOG_NET, "setting socket (%p) blocking status (false, IPv6).", conn);
		if (bind(conn->fd[SOCK_IPV6_LISTEN], (const struct sockaddr*)&addr6, sizeof(addr6)) == SOCKET_ERROR
		 || listen(conn->fd[SOCK_IPV6_LISTEN], 5) == SOCKET_ERROR
		 || !setSocketBlocking(conn->fd[SOCK_IPV6_LISTEN], false))
		{
			debug(LOG_ERROR, "Failed to set up IPv6 socket for listening on port %u: %s", port, strSockError(getSockErr()));
#if   defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
			closesocket(conn->fd[SOCK_IPV6_LISTEN]);
#else
			close(conn->fd[SOCK_IPV6_LISTEN]);
#endif
			conn->fd[SOCK_IPV6_LISTEN] = INVALID_SOCKET;
		}
	}

	// Check whether we still have at least a single (operating) socket.
	if (conn->fd[SOCK_IPV4_LISTEN] == INVALID_SOCKET
	 && conn->fd[SOCK_IPV6_LISTEN] == INVALID_SOCKET)
	{
		debug(LOG_NET, "No IPv4 or IPv6 sockets created.");
		socketClose(conn);
		return NULL;
	}

	return conn;
}

Socket *socketOpenAny(const SocketAddress *addr, unsigned timeout)
{
	Socket *ret = NULL;
	while (addr != NULL && ret == NULL)
	{
		ret = socketOpen(addr, timeout);

		addr = addr->ai_next;
	}

	return ret;
}

size_t socketArrayOpen(Socket **sockets, size_t maxSockets, const SocketAddress *addr, unsigned timeout)
{
	size_t i = 0;
	while (i < maxSockets && addr != NULL)
	{
		if (addr->ai_family == AF_INET || addr->ai_family == AF_INET6)
		{
			sockets[i] = socketOpen(addr, timeout);
			i += sockets[i] != NULL;
		}

		addr = addr->ai_next;
	}
	std::fill(sockets + i, sockets + maxSockets, (Socket *)NULL);
	return i;
}

void socketArrayClose(Socket **sockets, size_t maxSockets)
{
	std::for_each(sockets, sockets + maxSockets, socketClose);     // Close any open sockets.
	std::fill    (sockets, sockets + maxSockets, (Socket *)NULL);  // Set the pointers to NULL.
}

char const *getSocketTextAddress(Socket const *sock)
{
	return sock->textAddress;
}

SocketAddress *resolveHost(const char *host, unsigned int port)
{
	struct addrinfo* results;
	char* service;
	struct addrinfo hint;
	int error, flags = 0;

	hint.ai_family    = AF_UNSPEC;
	hint.ai_socktype  = SOCK_STREAM;
	hint.ai_protocol  = 0;
#ifdef AI_V4MAPPED
	flags             |= AI_V4MAPPED;
#endif
#ifdef AI_ADDRCONFIG
	flags             |= AI_ADDRCONFIG;
#endif
	hint.ai_flags     = flags;
	hint.ai_addrlen   = 0;
	hint.ai_addr      = NULL;
	hint.ai_canonname = NULL;
	hint.ai_next      = NULL;

	sasprintf(&service, "%u", port);

	error = getaddrinfo(host, service, &hint, &results);
	if (error != 0)
	{
		debug(LOG_NET, "getaddrinfo failed for %s:%s: %s", host, service, gai_strerror(error));
		return NULL;
	}

	return results;
}

void deleteSocketAddress(SocketAddress *addr)
{
	freeaddrinfo(addr);
}

// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// setup stuff
void SOCKETinit()
{
#if defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
	static bool firstCall = true;
	if (firstCall)
	{
		firstCall = false;

		static WSADATA stuff;
		WORD ver_required = (2 << 8) + 2;
		if (WSAStartup(ver_required, &stuff) != 0)
		{
			debug(LOG_ERROR, "Failed to initialize Winsock: %s", strSockError(getSockErr()));
			return -1;
		}

		winsock2_dll = LoadLibraryA("ws2_32.dll");
		if (winsock2_dll)
		{
			getaddrinfo_dll_func = GetProcAddress(winsock2_dll, "getaddrinfo");
			freeaddrinfo_dll_func = GetProcAddress(winsock2_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
		}

		// Determine major Windows version
		major_windows_version = LOBYTE(LOWORD(GetVersion()));
	}
#endif
}

void SOCKETshutdown()
{
#if defined(WZ_OS_WIN)
	WSACleanup();

	if (winsock2_dll)
	{
		FreeLibrary(winsock2_dll);
		winsock2_dll = NULL;
		getaddrinfo_dll_func = NULL;
		freeaddrinfo_dll_func = NULL;
	}
#endif
}