163 lines
2.8 KiB
Plaintext
163 lines
2.8 KiB
Plaintext
.TH LS 1
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.SH NAME
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ls, lc \- list contents of directory
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.B ls
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[
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.B -dlmnpqrstuFQT
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]
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.I name ...
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.PP
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.B lc
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[
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.B -dlmnqrstuFQT
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]
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.I name ...
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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For each directory argument,
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.I ls
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lists the contents of the directory;
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for each file argument,
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.I ls
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repeats its name and any other information requested.
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When no argument is given, the current directory is listed.
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By default, the output is sorted alphabetically by name.
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.PP
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.I Lc
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is the same as
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.IR ls ,
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but sets the
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.B -p
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and
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.B -F
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options and pipes the output through
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.IR mc (1).
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.PP
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There are a number of options:
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.TP
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.B -d
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If argument is a directory, list it, not
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its contents.
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.TP
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.B -l
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List in long format, giving mode (see below), file system type
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(e.g., for devices, the
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.B #
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code letter that names it; see
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.IR intro (3)),
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the instance or subdevice number, owner, group,
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size in bytes, and time of last modification
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for each file.
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.TP
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.B -m
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List the name of the user who most recently modified the file.
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.TP
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.B -n
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Don't sort the listing.
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.TP
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.B -p
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Print only the final path element of each file name.
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.TP
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.B -q
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List the
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.I qid
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(see
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.IR stat (2))
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of each file; the printed fields are in the order
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path, version, and type.
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.TP
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.B -r
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Reverse the order of sort.
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.TP
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.B -s
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Give size in Kbytes for each entry.
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.TP
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.B -t
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Sort by time modified (latest first) instead of
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by name.
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.TP
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.B -u
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Under
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.B -t
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sort by time of last access;
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under
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.B -l
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print time of last access.
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.TP
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.B -F
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Add the character
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.B /
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after all directory names
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and the character
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.B *
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after all executable files.
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.TP
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.B -T
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Print the character
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.B t
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before each file if it has the temporary flag set, and
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.B -
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otherwise.
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.TP
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.B -Q
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By default, printed file names are quoted if they contain characters special to
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.IR rc (1).
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The
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.B -Q
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flag disables this behavior.
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.PP
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The mode printed under the
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.B -l
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option contains 11 characters,
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interpreted
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as follows:
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the first character is
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.TP
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.B d
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if the entry is a directory;
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.TP
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.B a
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if the entry is an append-only file;
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.TP
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.B -
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if the entry is a plain file.
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.PD
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.PP
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The next letter is
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.B l
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if the file is exclusive access (one writer or reader at a time).
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.PP
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The last 9 characters are interpreted
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as three sets of three bits each.
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The first set refers to owner permissions;
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the next to permissions to others in the same user-group;
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and the last to all others.
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Within each set the three characters indicate
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permission respectively to read, to write, or to
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execute the file as a program.
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For a directory, `execute' permission is interpreted
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to mean permission to search the directory
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for a specified file.
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The permissions are indicated as follows:
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.TP 3
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.B r
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if the file is readable;
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.PD 0
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.TP 3
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.B w
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if the file is writable;
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.TP 3
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.B x
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if the file is executable;
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.TP 3
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.B -
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if none of the above permissions is granted.
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.PD
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.SH SOURCE
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.B /sys/src/cmd/ls.c
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.br
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.B /rc/bin/lc
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.IR stat (2),
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.IR mc (1)
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