/sys/man/9: more pages added
in addition to the pages, there's also changes to the mkfile to generate the index for the new section.front
rgl
parent
c739f57ac2
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.TH INB 9
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.SH NAME
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inb, ins, inl, outb, outs, outl, insb, inss, insl, outsb, outss, outsl \- programmed I/O
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.ta \w'\fLushort 'u
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.B
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int inb(int port)
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.PP
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.B
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ushort ins(int port)
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.PP
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.B
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ulong inl(int port)
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.PP
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.B
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void outb(int port, int value)
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.PP
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.B
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void outs(int port, ushort value)
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.PP
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.B
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void outl(int port, ulong value)
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.PP
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.B
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void insb(int port, void *address, int count)
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.PP
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.B
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void inss(int port, void *address, int count)
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.PP
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.B
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void insl(int port, void *address, int count)
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.PP
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.B
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void outsb(int port, void *address, int count)
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.PP
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.B
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void outss(int port, void *address, int count)
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.PP
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.B
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void outsl(int port, void *address, int count)
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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The
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.I x86
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implementation provides functions to allow kernel code
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written in C to access the I/O address space.
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On several other architectures such as the PowerPC and Strongarm,
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the platform-dependent code provides similar functions to access
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devices with an I/O space interface, even when that is memory mapped, to encourage portability of device drivers.
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.PP
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.IR Inb ,
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.I ins
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and
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.I inl
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apply the corresponding hardware instruction to fetch the next byte, short or long
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from the I/O
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.IR port .
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.IR Outb ,
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.I outs
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and
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.I outl
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output a
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.I value
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to the I/O
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.IR port .
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.PP
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The remaining functions transfer
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.I count
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bytes, shorts, or longs using programmed I/O between a memory
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.I address
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and
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.IR port .
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Functions
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.B insX
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copy values into memory; functions
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.B outsX
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copy values from memory.
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The
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.I count
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is in elements, not bytes.
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.SH SOURCE
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.B /sys/src/9/pc/l.s
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.IR dma (9)
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@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
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.TH PARSECMD 9
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.SH NAME
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parsecmd, cmderror, lookupcmd
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\- parse device commands
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.ta \w'\fLCmdbuf* 'u
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.B
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Cmdbuf* parsecmd(char *a, int n)
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.PP
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.B
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void cmderror(Cmdbuf *cb, char *s)
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.PP
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.B
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Cmdtab* lookupcmd(Cmdbuf *cb, Cmdtab *ctab, int nctab)
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.I Parsecmd
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is an interface to
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.I tokenize
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(see
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.IR getfields (2)),
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that safely parses a command, with blank-separated fields, as might be
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written to a device's
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.B ctl
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file.
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The buffer
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.I a
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and count
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.I n
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can be those passed to the driver's
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.I write
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function.
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.I Parsecmd
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converts the byte array (which might not be null-terminated) to a null-terminated string,
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trimming any trailing new line,
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before invoking
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.I tokenize
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to break the string into arguments, interpreting blank and tab as field separators
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when they are not quoted
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(in the style of
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.IR rc (1)).
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It returns a pointer to a dynamically-allocated
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.B Cmdbuf
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structure,
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which holds a copy of the string and the resulting fields; it is
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defined as follows:
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.IP
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.EX
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.ta 6n +\w'char* 'u
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typedef
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struct Cmdbuf
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{
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char *buf;
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char **f;
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int nf;
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} Cmdbuf;
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.EE
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.PP
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The array
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.B f
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holds the field pointers;
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.B nf
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gives the number of fields.
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.B Cmdbuf
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is allocated by
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.I smalloc
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(see
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.IR malloc (9)),
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and the caller is responsible for freeing it using
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.IR free .
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.I Cmderror
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prepends the given format with the original command,
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then calls
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.IR error (9).
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.PP
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Command strings may be turned into a (typically enumerated)
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integer with
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.IR lookupcmd .
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The catchall
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.L *
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matches any text. Unrecognized commands, or commands
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given an unacceptable number of arguments generate a
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call to
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.IR error .
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The definition is as follows
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.IP
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.EX
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.ta 6n +\w'char* 'u
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typedef
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struct Cmdtab
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{
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int index; /* used by client to switch on result */
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char *cmd; /* command name */
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int narg; /* expected #args; 0 ==> variadic */
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} Cmdtab;
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.EE
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.PP
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The integer
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.B index
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is the number returned on command match.
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The string
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.B cmd
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is the command name, and
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.B narg
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is 0 (indicating a variadic function) or the
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number of arguments.
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.SH SOURCE
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.B /sys/src/9/port/parse.c
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@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
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.TH READNUM 9
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.SH NAME
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readnum, readstr \- device read routines
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.ta \w'\fLint 'u
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.B
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int readstr(ulong off, char *buf, ulong n, char *str)
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.PP
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.B
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int readnum(ulong off, char *buf, ulong n, ulong val, int size)
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.I Readstr
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and
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.I readnum
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simplify the return of strings and numbers from device
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.I read
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routines,
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because they deal with any buffering and boundary cases.
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Several parameters to the read call are often handed on directly
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to these functions:
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the file offset, as
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.IR off ;
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the address of the user's buffer, as
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.IR buf ;
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and the number of bytes requested, as
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.IR n .
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Both functions return the number of bytes they have stored in
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.IR buf ,
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and which can often be returned directly from the device read routine.
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.PP
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.I Readstr
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satisfies a read by copying data into
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.I buf
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from the NUL-terminated string in
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.IR str .
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The data transferred is selected and limited by
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.IR off ,
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.I n
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and the length of
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.IR str .
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.PP
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.I Readnum
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converts the unsigned integer
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.I val
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to a decimal representation in
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.IR buf .
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The value is right-justified in a field of
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.IR size "-1"
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places and is followed by a blank.
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.I Size
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can be the global constant
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.L NUMSIZE
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for 32-bit integers;
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the largest
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.I size
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allowed is 64 bytes.
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.SH SOURCE
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.B /sys/src/9/port/devcons.c
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@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
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.TH SCHED 9
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.SH NAME
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anyhigher, anyready, hzsched, procpriority, procrestore, procsave, scheddump, schedinit, sched, yield
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\– scheduler interactions
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.ta \w'\fLchar* 'u +10n +8n +8n
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.EX
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int anyhigher(void)
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int anyready(void)
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void hzsched(void)
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void procpriority(Proc *p, int priority, int fixed)
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void procrestore(Proc *p)
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void procsave(Proc *p)
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void procwired(Proc *p, int machno)
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void scheddump(void)
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void schedinit(void)
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void sched(void)
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void yield(void)
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enum {
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...
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Npriq = 20, /* scheduler priority levels */
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PriNormal = 10, /* base for normal processes */
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PriKproc = 13, /* base for kernel processes */
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PriRoot = 13, /* base for root processes */
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};
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.EE
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.PP
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These functions define the priority process scheduler's interface.
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Processes are scheduled strictly by priority, and processor affinity.
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When possible, processes with no affinity will be rescheduled on the
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same processor. Within a priority, scheduling is round–robin.
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Long–running processes of the same priority are preempted and
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rescheduled. But cpu use (or lack thereof) may adjust the priority up
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or down, unless it has been explicitly fixed. Kernel processes are
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started with
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.B PriKproc
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while user processes start with
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.BR PriNormal .
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.PP
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.I Anyhigher
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returns true if any higher priority processes are runnable, while
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.I anyready
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returns true if any processes are runnable at all.
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.I Yield
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gives up the processor and pretends to consume ½ clock tick, while
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.I sched
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invokes the scheduler, potentially recursively.
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.I Sched
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may be called outside process context. Either may return immediately.
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.I Schedinit
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initializes scheduling on the running processor.
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.PP
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.I Procpriority
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sets a process' priority directly. Fixed–priority processes are not
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reprioritized based on cpu use.
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.I Procwired
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makes a process runnable only on a single processor.
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.PP
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.I Hzsched
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is called by the clock routine on every tick to collect statistics.
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Periodically (typically once a second)
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.I hzsched
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reprioritizes based on cpu use.
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.PP
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.I Procsave
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and
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.I procrestore
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are architecture–dependent routines used by the scheduler to save and
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restore processes.
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.I Scheddump
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prints scheduler statistics.
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.SH SOURCE
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.B /sys/src/9/port/proc.c
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.sp 0.3
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.I Procsave
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and
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.I procrestore
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can be found at
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.br
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.B /sys/src/9/*/main.c
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.br
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.B /sys/src/9/*/arch.c
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.br
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.B /sys/src/9/*/trap.c
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.IR edf (9),
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.IR sleep (9)
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@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
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.TH SECONDS 9
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.SH NAME
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seconds, ticks, fastticks, HZ, MS2HZ, MS2TK, TK2MS, TK2SEC \- kernel times and time conversions
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.ta \w'\fL#define 'u
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.B
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long seconds(void)
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.PP
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.B
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vlong fastticks(uvlong *hz)
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.PP
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.EX
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#define HZ ...
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#define MS2HZ (1000/HZ)
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#define TK2SEC(t) ((t)/HZ)
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#define TK2MS(t) ((t)*(1000/HZ))
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.EE
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.I Seconds
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returns the system's idea of the current time as the number of seconds
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since the start of the epoch
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(00:00:00 GMT, January 1, 1970).
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.PP
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The
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.B ticks
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field of the
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.B Mach
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structure returns the number of system-dependent clock ticks on the
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given processor since system boot.
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On a multiprocessor,
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.B MACHP(0)
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is sometimes used to provide a reference time, since the tick value
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might vary slightly across processors.
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.PP
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.I Fastticks
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returns the number of ticks since boot as measured by the
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fastest clock provided by the platform.
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The frequency of the clock, in ticks per second,
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is returned through
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.IR hz ,
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unless it is nil.
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.PP
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The system clock frequencies are platform-dependent.
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Several symbolic constants and macro functions are defined by
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the file
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.B mem.h
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to convert between different time units:
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.TF TK2SEC(t)
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.PD
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.TP
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.B HZ
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The number of clock ticks per second.
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.TP
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.B MS2HZ
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Milliseconds per clock tick.
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.TP
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.BI TK2SEC( t )
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Convert
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.I t
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clock ticks to seconds (truncating not rounding).
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.TP
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.BI TK2MS( t )
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Convert
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.I t
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clock ticks to milliseconds.
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.SH SOURCE
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.B /sys/src/9/*/mem.h
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.br
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.B /sys/src/9/*/clock.c
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.br
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.B /sys/src/9/*/devarch.c
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.br
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.B /sys/src/9/*/timer.c
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.br
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.B /sys/src/9/port/tod.c
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@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ LIB=/sys/lib/man
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default:V: check
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indices:V:
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for (i in [0-8]){
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for (i in [0-9]){
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$LIB/secindex $i > $i/INDEX
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$LIB/mkhtmlindex $i > $i/INDEX.html
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}
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@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ permind:V:
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echo .am TH
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echo .tm '\\$1' '\\$2' '\\n%'
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echo ..
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for (i in [0-8]){
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for (i in [0-9]){
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builtin cd $i
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for(j in [a-z0-9]*)
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switch($i/$j){
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@ -41,18 +41,18 @@ permind:V:
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mk out > /dev/null >[2] /dev/null
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old-check:V: checksource
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awk -f $LIB/checkman.awk [0-8]/* | sed '/\/(cda|av|midi|pub|weather|service\.9net|isdn)(\/|\))/d'
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awk -f $LIB/checkman.awk [0-9]/* | sed '/\/(cda|av|midi|pub|weather|service\.9net|isdn)(\/|\))/d'
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punccheck:
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grep -n '^\.[IB][^PRIB].+[.;,:]$' [0-9]/* | grep -v '\.\.\.'
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check:V: indices checksource
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awk -f $LIB/checkman.awk [0-8]/*
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awk -f $LIB/checkman.awk [0-9]/*
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checksource:QV:
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sam -d >[2]/dev/null <<'!'
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f input
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< cat [0-8]/[0-9a-z]*
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< cat [0-9]/[0-9a-z]*
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B output
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b input
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,x/^\.SH SOURCE/ .,/^\.SH/ x g/^\.B/t "output
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@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ print.out:V: permind
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{echo -n $FONTS; cat $LIB/preface} | troff -ms
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{echo -n $FONTS; echo ' '} | troff
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{
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for (i in [0-8]){
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for (i in [0-9]){
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builtin cd $i
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for(j in [a-z0-9]*)
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switch($i/$j){
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@ -116,6 +116,6 @@ print.out:V: permind
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ps2pdf $prereq $target
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clean:V:
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rm -f man.out print.out searchindex $LIB/permind/toc $LIB/lookman/index [0-8]^/INDEX^('' .html)
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rm -f man.out print.out searchindex $LIB/permind/toc $LIB/lookman/index [0-9]^/INDEX^('' .html)
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builtin cd $LIB/permind
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mk clean
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|
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Loading…
Reference in New Issue