diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile index ed8f1610..c73393cd 100644 --- a/Makefile +++ b/Makefile @@ -26,8 +26,7 @@ endif default: lib zstd-release .PHONY: all -all: allmost - CPPFLAGS=-I../lib LDFLAGS=-L../lib $(MAKE) -C examples/ $@ +all: | allmost examples manual .PHONY: allmost allmost: @@ -68,6 +67,14 @@ zlibwrapper: test: $(MAKE) -C $(TESTDIR) $@ +.PHONY: examples +examples: + CPPFLAGS=-I../lib LDFLAGS=-L../lib $(MAKE) -C examples/ all + +.PHONY: manual +manual: + $(MAKE) -C contrib/gen_html $@ + .PHONY: clean clean: @$(MAKE) -C $(ZSTDDIR) $@ > $(VOID) @@ -75,6 +82,7 @@ clean: @$(MAKE) -C $(TESTDIR) $@ > $(VOID) @$(MAKE) -C $(ZWRAPDIR) $@ > $(VOID) @$(MAKE) -C examples/ $@ > $(VOID) + @$(MAKE) -C contrib/gen_html $@ > $(VOID) @$(RM) zstd$(EXT) zstdmt$(EXT) tmp* @echo Cleaning completed @@ -197,16 +205,16 @@ cmaketest: cd $(BUILDIR)/cmake/build ; cmake -DPREFIX:STRING=~/install_test_dir $(CMAKE_PARAMS) .. ; $(MAKE) install ; $(MAKE) uninstall c90test: clean - CFLAGS="-std=c90" $(MAKE) all # will fail, due to // and long long + CFLAGS="-std=c90" $(MAKE) allmost # will fail, due to missing support for `long long` gnu90test: clean - CFLAGS="-std=gnu90" $(MAKE) all + CFLAGS="-std=gnu90" $(MAKE) allmost c99test: clean CFLAGS="-std=c99" $(MAKE) allmost gnu99test: clean - CFLAGS="-std=gnu99" $(MAKE) all + CFLAGS="-std=gnu99" $(MAKE) allmost c11test: clean CFLAGS="-std=c11" $(MAKE) allmost diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS index be334975..96ff25fd 100644 --- a/NEWS +++ b/NEWS @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ v1.1.4 cli : new : can compress in *.gz format, using --format=gzip command, by Przemyslaw Skibinski cli : new : advanced benchmark command --priority=rt cli : fix : write on sparse-enabled file systems in 32-bits mode, by @ds77 -API : new : ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSize(), ZSTD_getFrameContentSize(), ZSTD_findDecompressedSize(), by Sean Purcell +API : new : ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSize(), ZSTD_getFrameContentSize(), ZSTD_findDecompressedSize(), by Sean Purcell API : change : ZSTD_compress*() with srcSize==0 create an empty-frame of known size build:new : meson build system in contrib/meson, by Dima Krasner doc : new : educational decoder, by Sean Purcell diff --git a/circle.yml b/circle.yml index 69c98854..3102633e 100644 --- a/circle.yml +++ b/circle.yml @@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ dependencies: if [[ "$CIRCLE_NODE_TOTAL" < "2" ]] || [[ "$CIRCLE_NODE_INDEX" == "1" ]]; then make -C tests test-invalidDictionaries && make clean; fi - | if [[ "$CIRCLE_NODE_INDEX" == "0" ]]; then g++ -v; make gpptest && make clean; fi - if [[ "$CIRCLE_NODE_TOTAL" < "2" ]] || [[ "$CIRCLE_NODE_INDEX" == "1" ]]; then make -C tests test-legacy && make clean; fi + if [[ "$CIRCLE_NODE_TOTAL" < "2" ]] || [[ "$CIRCLE_NODE_INDEX" == "1" ]]; then make -C tests test-legacy test-decodecorpus && make clean; fi - | if [[ "$CIRCLE_NODE_INDEX" == "0" ]]; then gcc -v; make gnu90test && make clean; fi if [[ "$CIRCLE_NODE_TOTAL" < "2" ]] || [[ "$CIRCLE_NODE_INDEX" == "1" ]]; then make -C tests test-symbols && make clean; fi diff --git a/contrib/gen_html/Makefile b/contrib/gen_html/Makefile index c68e560a..ea68b11f 100644 --- a/contrib/gen_html/Makefile +++ b/contrib/gen_html/Makefile @@ -7,12 +7,18 @@ # of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory. # ########################################################################## - CFLAGS ?= -O3 CFLAGS += -Wall -Wextra -Wcast-qual -Wcast-align -Wshadow -Wstrict-aliasing=1 -Wswitch-enum -Wno-comment CFLAGS += $(MOREFLAGS) -FLAGS = $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) +FLAGS = $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) +ZSTDAPI = ../../lib/zstd.h +ZSTDMANUAL = ../../doc/zstd_manual.html +LIBVER_MAJOR_SCRIPT:=`sed -n '/define ZSTD_VERSION_MAJOR/s/.*[[:blank:]]\([0-9][0-9]*\).*/\1/p' < $(ZSTDAPI)` +LIBVER_MINOR_SCRIPT:=`sed -n '/define ZSTD_VERSION_MINOR/s/.*[[:blank:]]\([0-9][0-9]*\).*/\1/p' < $(ZSTDAPI)` +LIBVER_PATCH_SCRIPT:=`sed -n '/define ZSTD_VERSION_RELEASE/s/.*[[:blank:]]\([0-9][0-9]*\).*/\1/p' < $(ZSTDAPI)` +LIBVER_SCRIPT:= $(LIBVER_MAJOR_SCRIPT).$(LIBVER_MINOR_SCRIPT).$(LIBVER_PATCH_SCRIPT) +LIBVER := $(shell echo $(LIBVER_SCRIPT)) # Define *.exe as extension for Windows systems @@ -23,14 +29,23 @@ EXT = endif -.PHONY: default gen_html - +.PHONY: default default: gen_html +.PHONY: all +all: manual + gen_html: gen_html.cpp - $(CXX) $(FLAGS) $^ -o $@$(EXT) + $(CXX) $(FLAGS) $^ -o $@$(EXT) +$(ZSTDMANUAL): gen_html $(ZSTDAPI) + echo "Update zstd manual in /doc" + ./gen_html $(LIBVER) $(ZSTDAPI) $(ZSTDMANUAL) +.PHONY: manual +manual: gen_html $(ZSTDMANUAL) + +.PHONY: clean clean: @$(RM) gen_html$(EXT) @echo Cleaning completed diff --git a/doc/educational_decoder/README.md b/doc/educational_decoder/README.md index 2e2186e0..e3b9bf58 100644 --- a/doc/educational_decoder/README.md +++ b/doc/educational_decoder/README.md @@ -17,3 +17,13 @@ It also contains implementations of Huffman and FSE table decoding. harness [dictionary] +As an additional resource to be used with this decoder, +see the `decodecorpus` tool in the [tests] directory. +It generates valid Zstandard frames that can be used to verify +a Zstandard decoder implementation. +Note that to use the tool to verify this decoder implementation, +the --content-size flag should be set, +as this decoder does not handle streaming decoding, +and so it must know the decompressed size in advance. + +[tests]: https://github.com/facebook/zstd/blob/dev/tests/ diff --git a/doc/zstd_manual.html b/doc/zstd_manual.html index 1badcbd7..23224d77 100644 --- a/doc/zstd_manual.html +++ b/doc/zstd_manual.html @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ -zstd 1.1.2 Manual +zstd 1.1.4 Manual -

zstd 1.1.2 Manual

+

zstd 1.1.4 Manual

Contents

    @@ -19,13 +19,15 @@
  1. Streaming decompression - HowTo
  2. START OF ADVANCED AND EXPERIMENTAL FUNCTIONS
  3. Advanced types
    4. -
  4. Advanced compression functions
    5. -
  5. Advanced decompression functions
    6. -
  6. Advanced streaming functions
    7. -
  7. Buffer-less and synchronous inner streaming functions
    8. -
  8. Buffer-less streaming compression (synchronous mode)
    9. -
  9. Buffer-less streaming decompression (synchronous mode)
    10. -
  10. Block functions
    11. +
  11. Compressed size functions
    12. +
  12. Decompressed size functions
    13. +
  13. Advanced compression functions
    14. +
  14. Advanced decompression functions
    15. +
  15. Advanced streaming functions
    16. +
  16. Buffer-less and synchronous inner streaming functions
    17. +
  17. Buffer-less streaming compression (synchronous mode)
    18. +
  18. Buffer-less streaming decompression (synchronous mode)
    19. +
  19. Block functions

Introduction

@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@
 
 
size_t ZSTD_decompress( void* dst, size_t dstCapacity,
                               const void* src, size_t compressedSize);
-
    `compressedSize` : must be the _exact_ size of a single compressed frame.
+
    `compressedSize` : must be the _exact_ size of some number of compressed and/or skippable frames.
     `dstCapacity` is an upper bound of originalSize.
     If user cannot imply a maximum upper bound, it's better to use streaming mode to decompress data.
     @return : the number of bytes decompressed into `dst` (<= `dstCapacity`),
@@ -71,7 +73,16 @@
 


 
 
unsigned long long ZSTD_getDecompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize);
-
   'src' is the start of a zstd compressed frame.
+
   NOTE: This function is planned to be obsolete, in favour of ZSTD_getFrameContentSize.
+   ZSTD_getFrameContentSize functions the same way, returning the decompressed size of a single
+   frame, but distinguishes empty frames from frames with an unknown size, or errors.
+
+   Additionally, ZSTD_findDecompressedSize can be used instead.  It can handle multiple
+   concatenated frames in one buffer, and so is more general.
+   As a result however, it requires more computation and entire frames to be passed to it,
+   as opposed to ZSTD_getFrameContentSize which requires only a single frame's header.
+
+   'src' is the start of a zstd compressed frame.
    @return : content size to be decompressed, as a 64-bits value _if known_, 0 otherwise.
     note 1 : decompressed size is an optional field, that may not be present, especially in streaming mode.
              When `return==0`, data to decompress could be any size.
@@ -88,21 +99,29 @@
     note 5 : when `return==0`, if precise failure cause is needed, use ZSTD_getFrameParams() to know more. 
 


 
-
Helper functions
int         ZSTD_maxCLevel(void);               /*!< maximum compression level available */
+
Helper functions
int         ZSTD_maxCLevel(void);               /*!< maximum compression level available */
 size_t      ZSTD_compressBound(size_t srcSize); /*!< maximum compressed size in worst case scenario */
 unsigned    ZSTD_isError(size_t code);          /*!< tells if a `size_t` function result is an error code */
 const char* ZSTD_getErrorName(size_t code);     /*!< provides readable string from an error code */
-


+


 
Explicit memory management

 
+
Compression context
   When compressing many times,
+   it is recommended to allocate a context just once, and re-use it for each successive compression operation.
+   This will make workload friendlier for system's memory.
+   Use one context per thread for parallel execution in multi-threaded environments. 
+
typedef struct ZSTD_CCtx_s ZSTD_CCtx;
+ZSTD_CCtx* ZSTD_createCCtx(void);
+size_t     ZSTD_freeCCtx(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx);
+


 
size_t ZSTD_compressCCtx(ZSTD_CCtx* ctx, void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, const void* src, size_t srcSize, int compressionLevel);
 
    Same as ZSTD_compress(), requires an allocated ZSTD_CCtx (see ZSTD_createCCtx()). 
 


 
-
Decompression context
typedef struct ZSTD_DCtx_s ZSTD_DCtx;
+
Decompression context
typedef struct ZSTD_DCtx_s ZSTD_DCtx;
 ZSTD_DCtx* ZSTD_createDCtx(void);
 size_t     ZSTD_freeDCtx(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx);
-


+


 
size_t ZSTD_decompressDCtx(ZSTD_DCtx* ctx, void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, const void* src, size_t srcSize);
 
   Same as ZSTD_decompress(), requires an allocated ZSTD_DCtx (see ZSTD_createDCtx()). 
 


@@ -131,11 +150,11 @@ size_t     ZSTD_freeDCtx(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx);
 
 
Fast dictionary API

 
-
ZSTD_CDict* ZSTD_createCDict(const void* dict, size_t dictSize, int compressionLevel);
+
ZSTD_CDict* ZSTD_createCDict(const void* dictBuffer, size_t dictSize, int compressionLevel);
 
   When compressing multiple messages / blocks with the same dictionary, it's recommended to load it just once.
    ZSTD_createCDict() will create a digested dictionary, ready to start future compression operations without startup delay.
    ZSTD_CDict can be created once and used by multiple threads concurrently, as its usage is read-only.
-   `dict` can be released after ZSTD_CDict creation. 
+   `dictBuffer` can be released after ZSTD_CDict creation, as its content is copied within CDict 
 


 
 
size_t      ZSTD_freeCDict(ZSTD_CDict* CDict);
@@ -151,9 +170,9 @@ size_t     ZSTD_freeDCtx(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx);
    Note that compression level is decided during dictionary creation. 
 


 
-
ZSTD_DDict* ZSTD_createDDict(const void* dict, size_t dictSize);
+
ZSTD_DDict* ZSTD_createDDict(const void* dictBuffer, size_t dictSize);
 
   Create a digested dictionary, ready to start decompression operation without startup delay.
-   `dict` can be released after creation. 
+   dictBuffer can be released after DDict creation, as its content is copied inside DDict 
 


 
 
size_t      ZSTD_freeDDict(ZSTD_DDict* ddict);
@@ -271,9 +290,9 @@ size_t     ZSTD_freeDCtx(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx);
 } ZSTD_compressionParameters;
 


 
typedef struct {
-    unsigned contentSizeFlag; /**< 1: content size will be in frame header (if known). */
-    unsigned checksumFlag;    /**< 1: will generate a 22-bits checksum at end of frame, to be used for error detection by decompressor */
-    unsigned noDictIDFlag;    /**< 1: no dict ID will be saved into frame header (if dictionary compression) */
+    unsigned contentSizeFlag; /**< 1: content size will be in frame header (when known) */
+    unsigned checksumFlag;    /**< 1: generate a 32-bits checksum at end of frame, for error detection */
+    unsigned noDictIDFlag;    /**< 1: no dictID will be saved into frame header (if dictionary compression) */
 } ZSTD_frameParameters;
 


 
typedef struct {
@@ -281,11 +300,56 @@ size_t     ZSTD_freeDCtx(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx);
     ZSTD_frameParameters fParams;
 } ZSTD_parameters;
 


-
Custom memory allocation functions
typedef void* (*ZSTD_allocFunction) (void* opaque, size_t size);
+
Custom memory allocation functions
typedef void* (*ZSTD_allocFunction) (void* opaque, size_t size);
 typedef void  (*ZSTD_freeFunction) (void* opaque, void* address);
 typedef struct { ZSTD_allocFunction customAlloc; ZSTD_freeFunction customFree; void* opaque; } ZSTD_customMem;
-


-
Advanced compression functions

+


+
Compressed size functions

+
+
size_t ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize);
+
  `src` should point to the start of a ZSTD encoded frame
+  `srcSize` must be at least as large as the frame
+  @return : the compressed size of the frame pointed to by `src`, suitable to pass to
+      `ZSTD_decompress` or similar, or an error code if given invalid input. 
+


+
+
Decompressed size functions

+
+
unsigned long long ZSTD_getFrameContentSize(const void *src, size_t srcSize);
+
   `src` should point to the start of a ZSTD encoded frame
+   `srcSize` must be at least as large as the frame header.  A value greater than or equal
+       to `ZSTD_frameHeaderSize_max` is guaranteed to be large enough in all cases.
+   @return : decompressed size of the frame pointed to be `src` if known, otherwise
+             - ZSTD_CONTENTSIZE_UNKNOWN if the size cannot be determined
+             - ZSTD_CONTENTSIZE_ERROR if an error occured (e.g. invalid magic number, srcSize too small) 
+


+
+
unsigned long long ZSTD_findDecompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize);
+
   `src` should point the start of a series of ZSTD encoded and/or skippable frames
+   `srcSize` must be the _exact_ size of this series
+       (i.e. there should be a frame boundary exactly `srcSize` bytes after `src`)
+   @return : the decompressed size of all data in the contained frames, as a 64-bit value _if known_
+             - if the decompressed size cannot be determined: ZSTD_CONTENTSIZE_UNKNOWN
+             - if an error occurred: ZSTD_CONTENTSIZE_ERROR
+
+    note 1 : decompressed size is an optional field, that may not be present, especially in streaming mode.
+             When `return==ZSTD_CONTENTSIZE_UNKNOWN`, data to decompress could be any size.
+             In which case, it's necessary to use streaming mode to decompress data.
+             Optionally, application can still use ZSTD_decompress() while relying on implied limits.
+             (For example, data may be necessarily cut into blocks <= 16 KB).
+    note 2 : decompressed size is always present when compression is done with ZSTD_compress()
+    note 3 : decompressed size can be very large (64-bits value),
+             potentially larger than what local system can handle as a single memory segment.
+             In which case, it's necessary to use streaming mode to decompress data.
+    note 4 : If source is untrusted, decompressed size could be wrong or intentionally modified.
+             Always ensure result fits within application's authorized limits.
+             Each application can set its own limits.
+    note 5 : ZSTD_findDecompressedSize handles multiple frames, and so it must traverse the input to
+             read each contained frame header.  This is efficient as most of the data is skipped,
+             however it does mean that all frame data must be present and valid. 
+


+
+
Advanced compression functions

 
 
size_t ZSTD_estimateCCtxSize(ZSTD_compressionParameters cParams);
 
  Gives the amount of memory allocated for a ZSTD_CCtx given a set of compression parameters.
@@ -300,7 +364,22 @@ typedef struct { ZSTD_allocFunction customAlloc; ZSTD_freeFunction customFree; v
 
  Gives the amount of memory used by a given ZSTD_CCtx 
 


 
-
ZSTD_CDict* ZSTD_createCDict_advanced(const void* dict, size_t dictSize,
+
typedef enum {
+    ZSTD_p_forceWindow   /* Force back-references to remain < windowSize, even when referencing Dictionary content (default:0)*/
+} ZSTD_CCtxParameter;
+


+
size_t ZSTD_setCCtxParameter(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx, ZSTD_CCtxParameter param, unsigned value);
+
  Set advanced parameters, selected through enum ZSTD_CCtxParameter
+  @result : 0, or an error code (which can be tested with ZSTD_isError()) 
+


+
+
ZSTD_CDict* ZSTD_createCDict_byReference(const void* dictBuffer, size_t dictSize, int compressionLevel);
+
  Create a digested dictionary for compression
+  Dictionary content is simply referenced, and therefore stays in dictBuffer.
+  It is important that dictBuffer outlives CDict, it must remain read accessible throughout the lifetime of CDict 
+


+
+
ZSTD_CDict* ZSTD_createCDict_advanced(const void* dict, size_t dictSize, unsigned byReference,
                                                   ZSTD_parameters params, ZSTD_customMem customMem);
 
  Create a ZSTD_CDict using external alloc and free, and customized compression parameters 
 


@@ -336,7 +415,7 @@ typedef struct { ZSTD_allocFunction customAlloc; ZSTD_freeFunction customFree; v
 
   Same as ZSTD_compress_usingDict(), with fine-tune control of each compression parameter 
 


 
-
Advanced decompression functions

+
Advanced decompression functions

 
 
unsigned ZSTD_isFrame(const void* buffer, size_t size);
 
  Tells if the content of `buffer` starts with a valid Frame Identifier.
@@ -357,6 +436,12 @@ typedef struct { ZSTD_allocFunction customAlloc; ZSTD_freeFunction customFree; v
 
  Gives the amount of memory used by a given ZSTD_DCtx 
 


 
+
ZSTD_DDict* ZSTD_createDDict_byReference(const void* dictBuffer, size_t dictSize);
+
  Create a digested dictionary, ready to start decompression operation without startup delay.
+  Dictionary content is simply referenced, and therefore stays in dictBuffer.
+  It is important that dictBuffer outlives DDict, it must remain read accessible throughout the lifetime of DDict 
+


+
 
size_t ZSTD_sizeof_DDict(const ZSTD_DDict* ddict);
 
  Gives the amount of memory used by a given ZSTD_DDict 
 


@@ -385,33 +470,33 @@ typedef struct { ZSTD_allocFunction customAlloc; ZSTD_freeFunction customFree; v
   When identifying the exact failure cause, it's possible to used ZSTD_getFrameParams(), which will provide a more precise error code. 
 


 
-
Advanced streaming functions

+
Advanced streaming functions

 
-
Advanced Streaming compression functions
ZSTD_CStream* ZSTD_createCStream_advanced(ZSTD_customMem customMem);
-size_t ZSTD_initCStream_srcSize(ZSTD_CStream* zcs, int compressionLevel, unsigned long long pledgedSrcSize);   /**< pledgedSrcSize must be correct */
-size_t ZSTD_initCStream_usingDict(ZSTD_CStream* zcs, const void* dict, size_t dictSize, int compressionLevel);
+
Advanced Streaming compression functions
ZSTD_CStream* ZSTD_createCStream_advanced(ZSTD_customMem customMem);
+size_t ZSTD_initCStream_srcSize(ZSTD_CStream* zcs, int compressionLevel, unsigned long long pledgedSrcSize);   /**< pledgedSrcSize must be correct, a size of 0 means unknown.  for a frame size of 0 use initCStream_advanced */
+size_t ZSTD_initCStream_usingDict(ZSTD_CStream* zcs, const void* dict, size_t dictSize, int compressionLevel); /**< note: a dict will not be used if dict == NULL or dictSize < 8 */
 size_t ZSTD_initCStream_advanced(ZSTD_CStream* zcs, const void* dict, size_t dictSize,
-                                             ZSTD_parameters params, unsigned long long pledgedSrcSize);  /**< pledgedSrcSize is optional and can be zero == unknown */
+                                             ZSTD_parameters params, unsigned long long pledgedSrcSize);  /**< pledgedSrcSize is optional and can be 0 (meaning unknown). note: if the contentSizeFlag is set, pledgedSrcSize == 0 means the source size is actually 0 */
 size_t ZSTD_initCStream_usingCDict(ZSTD_CStream* zcs, const ZSTD_CDict* cdict);  /**< note : cdict will just be referenced, and must outlive compression session */
-size_t ZSTD_resetCStream(ZSTD_CStream* zcs, unsigned long long pledgedSrcSize);  /**< re-use compression parameters from previous init; skip dictionary loading stage; zcs must be init at least once before */
+size_t ZSTD_resetCStream(ZSTD_CStream* zcs, unsigned long long pledgedSrcSize);  /**< re-use compression parameters from previous init; skip dictionary loading stage; zcs must be init at least once before. note: pledgedSrcSize must be correct, a size of 0 means unknown.  for a frame size of 0 use initCStream_advanced */
 size_t ZSTD_sizeof_CStream(const ZSTD_CStream* zcs);
-


-
Advanced Streaming decompression functions
typedef enum { ZSTDdsp_maxWindowSize } ZSTD_DStreamParameter_e;
+


+
Advanced Streaming decompression functions
typedef enum { DStream_p_maxWindowSize } ZSTD_DStreamParameter_e;
 ZSTD_DStream* ZSTD_createDStream_advanced(ZSTD_customMem customMem);
-size_t ZSTD_initDStream_usingDict(ZSTD_DStream* zds, const void* dict, size_t dictSize);
+size_t ZSTD_initDStream_usingDict(ZSTD_DStream* zds, const void* dict, size_t dictSize); /**< note: a dict will not be used if dict == NULL or dictSize < 8 */
 size_t ZSTD_setDStreamParameter(ZSTD_DStream* zds, ZSTD_DStreamParameter_e paramType, unsigned paramValue);
 size_t ZSTD_initDStream_usingDDict(ZSTD_DStream* zds, const ZSTD_DDict* ddict);  /**< note : ddict will just be referenced, and must outlive decompression session */
 size_t ZSTD_resetDStream(ZSTD_DStream* zds);  /**< re-use decompression parameters from previous init; saves dictionary loading */
 size_t ZSTD_sizeof_DStream(const ZSTD_DStream* zds);
-


-
Buffer-less and synchronous inner streaming functions
+


+
Buffer-less and synchronous inner streaming functions
   This is an advanced API, giving full control over buffer management, for users which need direct control over memory.
   But it's also a complex one, with many restrictions (documented below).
   Prefer using normal streaming API for an easier experience
  
 

 
-
Buffer-less streaming compression (synchronous mode)
+
Buffer-less streaming compression (synchronous mode)
   A ZSTD_CCtx object is required to track streaming operations.
   Use ZSTD_createCCtx() / ZSTD_freeCCtx() to manage resource.
   ZSTD_CCtx object can be re-used multiple times within successive compression operations.
@@ -434,20 +519,21 @@ size_t ZSTD_sizeof_DStream(const ZSTD_DStream* zds);
     In which case, it will "discard" the relevant memory section from its history.
 
   Finish a frame with ZSTD_compressEnd(), which will write the last block(s) and optional checksum.
-  It's possible to use a NULL,0 src content, in which case, it will write a final empty block to end the frame,
-  Without last block mark, frames will be considered unfinished (broken) by decoders.
+  It's possible to use srcSize==0, in which case, it will write a final empty block to end the frame.
+  Without last block mark, frames will be considered unfinished (corrupted) by decoders.
 
-  You can then reuse `ZSTD_CCtx` (ZSTD_compressBegin()) to compress some new frame.
+  `ZSTD_CCtx` object can be re-used (ZSTD_compressBegin()) to compress some new frame.
 

 
-
Buffer-less streaming compression functions
size_t ZSTD_compressBegin(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx, int compressionLevel);
+
Buffer-less streaming compression functions
size_t ZSTD_compressBegin(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx, int compressionLevel);
 size_t ZSTD_compressBegin_usingDict(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx, const void* dict, size_t dictSize, int compressionLevel);
-size_t ZSTD_compressBegin_advanced(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx, const void* dict, size_t dictSize, ZSTD_parameters params, unsigned long long pledgedSrcSize);
-size_t ZSTD_copyCCtx(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx, const ZSTD_CCtx* preparedCCtx, unsigned long long pledgedSrcSize);
+size_t ZSTD_compressBegin_advanced(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx, const void* dict, size_t dictSize, ZSTD_parameters params, unsigned long long pledgedSrcSize); /**< pledgedSrcSize is optional and can be 0 (meaning unknown). note: if the contentSizeFlag is set, pledgedSrcSize == 0 means the source size is actually 0 */
+size_t ZSTD_copyCCtx(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx, const ZSTD_CCtx* preparedCCtx, unsigned long long pledgedSrcSize); /**<  note: if pledgedSrcSize can be 0, indicating unknown size.  if it is non-zero, it must be accurate.  for 0 size frames, use compressBegin_advanced */
+size_t ZSTD_compressBegin_usingCDict(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx, const ZSTD_CDict* cdict, unsigned long long pledgedSrcSize); /**< note: if pledgedSrcSize can be 0, indicating unknown size.  if it is non-zero, it must be accurate.  for 0 size frames, use compressBegin_advanced */
 size_t ZSTD_compressContinue(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx, void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, const void* src, size_t srcSize);
 size_t ZSTD_compressEnd(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx, void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, const void* src, size_t srcSize);
-


-
Buffer-less streaming decompression (synchronous mode)
+


+
Buffer-less streaming decompression (synchronous mode)
   A ZSTD_DCtx object is required to track streaming operations.
   Use ZSTD_createDCtx() / ZSTD_freeDCtx() to manage it.
   A ZSTD_DCtx object can be re-used multiple times.
@@ -490,7 +576,7 @@ size_t ZSTD_compressEnd(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx, void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, const vo
   Note : it's possible to know if next input to present is a header or a block, using ZSTD_nextInputType().
   This information is not required to properly decode a frame.
 
-  == Special case : skippable frames ==
+  == Special case : skippable frames 
 
   Skippable frames allow integration of user-defined data into a flow of concatenated frames.
   Skippable frames will be ignored (skipped) by a decompressor. The format of skippable frames is as follows :
@@ -509,7 +595,7 @@ size_t ZSTD_compressEnd(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx, void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, const vo
     unsigned checksumFlag;
 } ZSTD_frameParams;
 


-
Buffer-less streaming decompression functions
size_t ZSTD_getFrameParams(ZSTD_frameParams* fparamsPtr, const void* src, size_t srcSize);   /**< doesn't consume input, see details below */
+
Buffer-less streaming decompression functions
size_t ZSTD_getFrameParams(ZSTD_frameParams* fparamsPtr, const void* src, size_t srcSize);   /**< doesn't consume input, see details below */
 size_t ZSTD_decompressBegin(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx);
 size_t ZSTD_decompressBegin_usingDict(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx, const void* dict, size_t dictSize);
 void   ZSTD_copyDCtx(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx, const ZSTD_DCtx* preparedDCtx);
@@ -517,8 +603,8 @@ size_t ZSTD_nextSrcSizeToDecompress(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx);
 size_t ZSTD_decompressContinue(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx, void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, const void* src, size_t srcSize);
 typedef enum { ZSTDnit_frameHeader, ZSTDnit_blockHeader, ZSTDnit_block, ZSTDnit_lastBlock, ZSTDnit_checksum, ZSTDnit_skippableFrame } ZSTD_nextInputType_e;
 ZSTD_nextInputType_e ZSTD_nextInputType(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx);
-


-
Block functions
+


+
Block functions
     Block functions produce and decode raw zstd blocks, without frame metadata.
     Frame metadata cost is typically ~18 bytes, which can be non-negligible for very small blocks (< 100 bytes).
     User will have to take in charge required information to regenerate data, such as compressed and content sizes.
@@ -542,10 +628,10 @@ ZSTD_nextInputType_e ZSTD_nextInputType(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx);
         Use ZSTD_insertBlock() in such a case.
 

 
-
Raw zstd block functions
size_t ZSTD_getBlockSizeMax(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx);
+
Raw zstd block functions
size_t ZSTD_getBlockSizeMax(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx);
 size_t ZSTD_compressBlock  (ZSTD_CCtx* cctx, void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, const void* src, size_t srcSize);
 size_t ZSTD_decompressBlock(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx, void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, const void* src, size_t srcSize);
 size_t ZSTD_insertBlock(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx, const void* blockStart, size_t blockSize);  /**< insert block into `dctx` history. Useful for uncompressed blocks */
-


+


 
 
diff --git a/lib/decompress/zstd_decompress.c b/lib/decompress/zstd_decompress.c
index eda8b9dd..e38ef79b 100644
--- a/lib/decompress/zstd_decompress.c
+++ b/lib/decompress/zstd_decompress.c
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ unsigned long long ZSTD_findDecompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize)
                 totalDstSize += ret;
             }
             {
-                size_t const frameSrcSize = ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSize(src, srcSize);
+                size_t const frameSrcSize = ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSize(src, srcSize);
                 if (ZSTD_isError(frameSrcSize)) {
                     return ZSTD_CONTENTSIZE_ERROR;
                 }
@@ -1437,17 +1437,20 @@ size_t ZSTD_generateNxBytes(void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, BYTE byte, size_t len
     return length;
 }
 
-/** ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSize() :
+/** ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSize() :
  *  compatible with legacy mode
- *  `src` must point to the start of a ZSTD or ZSTD legacy frame
+ *  `src` must point to the start of a ZSTD frame, ZSTD legacy frame, or skippable frame
  *  `srcSize` must be at least as large as the frame contained
  *  @return : the compressed size of the frame starting at `src` */
-size_t ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSize(const void *src, size_t srcSize)
+size_t ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSize(const void *src, size_t srcSize)
 {
 #if defined(ZSTD_LEGACY_SUPPORT) && (ZSTD_LEGACY_SUPPORT==1)
-    if (ZSTD_isLegacy(src, srcSize)) return ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSizeLegacy(src, srcSize);
+    if (ZSTD_isLegacy(src, srcSize)) return ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSizeLegacy(src, srcSize);
 #endif
-    {
+    if (srcSize >= ZSTD_skippableHeaderSize &&
+            (MEM_readLE32(src) & 0xFFFFFFFF0U) == ZSTD_MAGIC_SKIPPABLE_START) {
+        return ZSTD_skippableHeaderSize + MEM_readLE32((const BYTE*)src + 4);
+    } else {
         const BYTE* ip = (const BYTE*)src;
         const BYTE* const ipstart = ip;
         size_t remainingSize = srcSize;
@@ -1576,7 +1579,7 @@ static size_t ZSTD_decompressMultiFrame(ZSTD_DCtx* dctx,
 
 #if defined(ZSTD_LEGACY_SUPPORT) && (ZSTD_LEGACY_SUPPORT >= 1)
         if (ZSTD_isLegacy(src, srcSize)) {
-            size_t const frameSize = ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSizeLegacy(src, srcSize);
+            size_t const frameSize = ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSizeLegacy(src, srcSize);
             size_t decodedSize;
             if (ZSTD_isError(frameSize)) return frameSize;
 
diff --git a/lib/legacy/zstd_legacy.h b/lib/legacy/zstd_legacy.h
index b0a7b71d..707e76f0 100644
--- a/lib/legacy/zstd_legacy.h
+++ b/lib/legacy/zstd_legacy.h
@@ -123,26 +123,26 @@ MEM_STATIC size_t ZSTD_decompressLegacy(
     }
 }
 
-MEM_STATIC size_t ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSizeLegacy(const void *src,
+MEM_STATIC size_t ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSizeLegacy(const void *src,
                                              size_t compressedSize)
 {
     U32 const version = ZSTD_isLegacy(src, compressedSize);
     switch(version)
     {
         case 1 :
-            return ZSTDv01_getFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
+            return ZSTDv01_findFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
         case 2 :
-            return ZSTDv02_getFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
+            return ZSTDv02_findFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
         case 3 :
-            return ZSTDv03_getFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
+            return ZSTDv03_findFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
         case 4 :
-            return ZSTDv04_getFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
+            return ZSTDv04_findFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
         case 5 :
-            return ZSTDv05_getFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
+            return ZSTDv05_findFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
         case 6 :
-            return ZSTDv06_getFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
+            return ZSTDv06_findFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
         case 7 :
-            return ZSTDv07_getFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
+            return ZSTDv07_findFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
         default :
             return ERROR(prefix_unknown);
     }
diff --git a/lib/legacy/zstd_v01.c b/lib/legacy/zstd_v01.c
index a0c78a4b..bcacb8d5 100644
--- a/lib/legacy/zstd_v01.c
+++ b/lib/legacy/zstd_v01.c
@@ -1992,7 +1992,7 @@ size_t ZSTDv01_decompress(void* dst, size_t maxDstSize, const void* src, size_t
     return ZSTDv01_decompressDCtx(&ctx, dst, maxDstSize, src, srcSize);
 }
 
-size_t ZSTDv01_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize)
+size_t ZSTDv01_findFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize)
 {
     const BYTE* ip = (const BYTE*)src;
     size_t remainingSize = srcSize;
diff --git a/lib/legacy/zstd_v01.h b/lib/legacy/zstd_v01.h
index 21959fcd..13cb3acf 100644
--- a/lib/legacy/zstd_v01.h
+++ b/lib/legacy/zstd_v01.h
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ ZSTDv01_getFrameSrcSize() : get the source length of a ZSTD frame compliant with
     return : the number of bytes that would be read to decompress this frame
              or an errorCode if it fails (which can be tested using ZSTDv01_isError())
 */
-size_t ZSTDv01_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t compressedSize);
+size_t ZSTDv01_findFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t compressedSize);
 
 /**
 ZSTDv01_isError() : tells if the result of ZSTDv01_decompress() is an error
diff --git a/lib/legacy/zstd_v02.c b/lib/legacy/zstd_v02.c
index 6cbf8023..2297b28c 100644
--- a/lib/legacy/zstd_v02.c
+++ b/lib/legacy/zstd_v02.c
@@ -3378,7 +3378,7 @@ static size_t ZSTD_decompress(void* dst, size_t maxDstSize, const void* src, siz
     return ZSTD_decompressDCtx(&ctx, dst, maxDstSize, src, srcSize);
 }
 
-static size_t ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSize(const void *src, size_t srcSize)
+static size_t ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSize(const void *src, size_t srcSize)
 {
 
     const BYTE* ip = (const BYTE*)src;
@@ -3524,9 +3524,9 @@ size_t ZSTDv02_decompress( void* dst, size_t maxOriginalSize,
 	return ZSTD_decompress(dst, maxOriginalSize, src, compressedSize);
 }
 
-size_t ZSTDv02_getFrameCompressedSize(const void *src, size_t compressedSize)
+size_t ZSTDv02_findFrameCompressedSize(const void *src, size_t compressedSize)
 {
-    return ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
+    return ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSize(src, compressedSize);
 }
 
 ZSTDv02_Dctx* ZSTDv02_createDCtx(void)
diff --git a/lib/legacy/zstd_v02.h b/lib/legacy/zstd_v02.h
index 9542fc0e..d14f0293 100644
--- a/lib/legacy/zstd_v02.h
+++ b/lib/legacy/zstd_v02.h
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ ZSTDv02_getFrameSrcSize() : get the source length of a ZSTD frame compliant with
     return : the number of bytes that would be read to decompress this frame
              or an errorCode if it fails (which can be tested using ZSTDv02_isError())
 */
-size_t ZSTDv02_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t compressedSize);
+size_t ZSTDv02_findFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t compressedSize);
 
 /**
 ZSTDv02_isError() : tells if the result of ZSTDv02_decompress() is an error
diff --git a/lib/legacy/zstd_v03.c b/lib/legacy/zstd_v03.c
index 98b93c49..ef654931 100644
--- a/lib/legacy/zstd_v03.c
+++ b/lib/legacy/zstd_v03.c
@@ -3019,7 +3019,7 @@ static size_t ZSTD_decompress(void* dst, size_t maxDstSize, const void* src, siz
     return ZSTD_decompressDCtx(&ctx, dst, maxDstSize, src, srcSize);
 }
 
-static size_t ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize)
+static size_t ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize)
 {
     const BYTE* ip = (const BYTE*)src;
     size_t remainingSize = srcSize;
@@ -3165,9 +3165,9 @@ size_t ZSTDv03_decompress( void* dst, size_t maxOriginalSize,
 	return ZSTD_decompress(dst, maxOriginalSize, src, compressedSize);
 }
 
-size_t ZSTDv03_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize)
+size_t ZSTDv03_findFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize)
 {
-    return ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSize(src, srcSize);
+    return ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSize(src, srcSize);
 }
 
 ZSTDv03_Dctx* ZSTDv03_createDCtx(void)
diff --git a/lib/legacy/zstd_v03.h b/lib/legacy/zstd_v03.h
index 46969410..07f7597b 100644
--- a/lib/legacy/zstd_v03.h
+++ b/lib/legacy/zstd_v03.h
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ ZSTDv03_getFrameSrcSize() : get the source length of a ZSTD frame compliant with
     return : the number of bytes that would be read to decompress this frame
              or an errorCode if it fails (which can be tested using ZSTDv03_isError())
 */
-size_t ZSTDv03_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t compressedSize);
+size_t ZSTDv03_findFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t compressedSize);
 
     /**
 ZSTDv03_isError() : tells if the result of ZSTDv03_decompress() is an error
diff --git a/lib/legacy/zstd_v04.c b/lib/legacy/zstd_v04.c
index 8c929b05..09040e68 100644
--- a/lib/legacy/zstd_v04.c
+++ b/lib/legacy/zstd_v04.c
@@ -3326,7 +3326,7 @@ static size_t ZSTD_decompress_usingDict(ZSTD_DCtx* ctx,
     return op-ostart;
 }
 
-static size_t ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize)
+static size_t ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize)
 {
     const BYTE* ip = (const BYTE*)src;
     size_t remainingSize = srcSize;
@@ -3782,9 +3782,9 @@ size_t ZSTDv04_decompress(void* dst, size_t maxDstSize, const void* src, size_t
 #endif
 }
 
-size_t ZSTDv04_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize)
+size_t ZSTDv04_findFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize)
 {
-    return ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSize(src, srcSize);
+    return ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSize(src, srcSize);
 }
 
 size_t ZSTDv04_resetDCtx(ZSTDv04_Dctx* dctx) { return ZSTD_resetDCtx(dctx); }
diff --git a/lib/legacy/zstd_v04.h b/lib/legacy/zstd_v04.h
index bcef1fe9..1b5439d3 100644
--- a/lib/legacy/zstd_v04.h
+++ b/lib/legacy/zstd_v04.h
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ ZSTDv04_getFrameSrcSize() : get the source length of a ZSTD frame compliant with
     return : the number of bytes that would be read to decompress this frame
              or an errorCode if it fails (which can be tested using ZSTDv04_isError())
 */
-size_t ZSTDv04_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t compressedSize);
+size_t ZSTDv04_findFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t compressedSize);
 
 /**
 ZSTDv04_isError() : tells if the result of ZSTDv04_decompress() is an error
diff --git a/lib/legacy/zstd_v05.c b/lib/legacy/zstd_v05.c
index 9689b170..a6f5f5db 100644
--- a/lib/legacy/zstd_v05.c
+++ b/lib/legacy/zstd_v05.c
@@ -3583,7 +3583,7 @@ size_t ZSTDv05_decompress(void* dst, size_t maxDstSize, const void* src, size_t
 #endif
 }
 
-size_t ZSTDv05_getFrameCompressedSize(const void *src, size_t srcSize)
+size_t ZSTDv05_findFrameCompressedSize(const void *src, size_t srcSize)
 {
     const BYTE* ip = (const BYTE*)src;
     size_t remainingSize = srcSize;
diff --git a/lib/legacy/zstd_v05.h b/lib/legacy/zstd_v05.h
index 157dbc57..8ce662fd 100644
--- a/lib/legacy/zstd_v05.h
+++ b/lib/legacy/zstd_v05.h
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ ZSTDv05_getFrameSrcSize() : get the source length of a ZSTD frame
     return : the number of bytes that would be read to decompress this frame
              or an errorCode if it fails (which can be tested using ZSTDv05_isError())
 */
-size_t ZSTDv05_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t compressedSize);
+size_t ZSTDv05_findFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t compressedSize);
 
 /* *************************************
 *  Helper functions
diff --git a/lib/legacy/zstd_v06.c b/lib/legacy/zstd_v06.c
index f586db22..a4258b67 100644
--- a/lib/legacy/zstd_v06.c
+++ b/lib/legacy/zstd_v06.c
@@ -3729,7 +3729,7 @@ size_t ZSTDv06_decompress(void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, const void* src, size_t
 #endif
 }
 
-size_t ZSTDv06_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize)
+size_t ZSTDv06_findFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize)
 {
     const BYTE* ip = (const BYTE*)src;
     size_t remainingSize = srcSize;
diff --git a/lib/legacy/zstd_v06.h b/lib/legacy/zstd_v06.h
index ef1feb2f..10c9c772 100644
--- a/lib/legacy/zstd_v06.h
+++ b/lib/legacy/zstd_v06.h
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ ZSTDv06_getFrameSrcSize() : get the source length of a ZSTD frame
     return : the number of bytes that would be read to decompress this frame
              or an errorCode if it fails (which can be tested using ZSTDv06_isError())
 */
-size_t ZSTDv06_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t compressedSize);
+size_t ZSTDv06_findFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t compressedSize);
 
 /* *************************************
 *  Helper functions
diff --git a/lib/legacy/zstd_v07.c b/lib/legacy/zstd_v07.c
index 07099d5a..e67916b3 100644
--- a/lib/legacy/zstd_v07.c
+++ b/lib/legacy/zstd_v07.c
@@ -3968,7 +3968,7 @@ size_t ZSTDv07_decompress(void* dst, size_t dstCapacity, const void* src, size_t
 #endif
 }
 
-size_t ZSTDv07_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize)
+size_t ZSTDv07_findFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize)
 {
     const BYTE* ip = (const BYTE*)src;
     size_t remainingSize = srcSize;
diff --git a/lib/legacy/zstd_v07.h b/lib/legacy/zstd_v07.h
index a79cbb88..cc95c661 100644
--- a/lib/legacy/zstd_v07.h
+++ b/lib/legacy/zstd_v07.h
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ ZSTDv07_getFrameSrcSize() : get the source length of a ZSTD frame
     return : the number of bytes that would be read to decompress this frame
              or an errorCode if it fails (which can be tested using ZSTDv07_isError())
 */
-size_t ZSTDv07_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t compressedSize);
+size_t ZSTDv07_findFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t compressedSize);
 
 /*======  Helper functions  ======*/
 ZSTDLIBv07_API unsigned    ZSTDv07_isError(size_t code);          /*!< tells if a `size_t` function result is an error code */
diff --git a/lib/zstd.h b/lib/zstd.h
index c0a1c7d1..e597c5db 100644
--- a/lib/zstd.h
+++ b/lib/zstd.h
@@ -400,12 +400,12 @@ typedef struct { ZSTD_allocFunction customAlloc; ZSTD_freeFunction customFree; v
 *  Compressed size functions
 ***************************************/
 
-/*! ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSize() :
- *  `src` should point to the start of a ZSTD encoded frame
+/*! ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSize() :
+ *  `src` should point to the start of a ZSTD encoded frame or skippable frame
  *  `srcSize` must be at least as large as the frame
  *  @return : the compressed size of the frame pointed to by `src`, suitable to pass to
  *      `ZSTD_decompress` or similar, or an error code if given invalid input. */
-ZSTDLIB_API size_t ZSTD_getFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize);
+ZSTDLIB_API size_t ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSize(const void* src, size_t srcSize);
 
 /***************************************
 *  Decompressed size functions
@@ -700,6 +700,9 @@ ZSTDLIB_API size_t ZSTD_compressEnd(ZSTD_CCtx* cctx, void* dst, size_t dstCapaci
   c) Frame Content - any content (User Data) of length equal to Frame Size
   For skippable frames ZSTD_decompressContinue() always returns 0.
   For skippable frames ZSTD_getFrameParams() returns fparamsPtr->windowLog==0 what means that a frame is skippable.
+    Note : If fparamsPtr->frameContentSize==0, it is ambiguous: the frame might actually be a Zstd encoded frame with no content.
+           For purposes of decompression, it is valid in both cases to skip the frame using
+           ZSTD_findFrameCompressedSize to find its size in bytes.
   It also returns Frame Size as fparamsPtr->frameContentSize.
 */
 
diff --git a/tests/.gitignore b/tests/.gitignore
index b7ba51b6..dc468dee 100644
--- a/tests/.gitignore
+++ b/tests/.gitignore
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ roundTripCrash
 longmatch
 symbols
 legacy
+decodecorpus
 pool
 invalidDictionaries
 
diff --git a/tests/Makefile b/tests/Makefile
index 17286a02..5b0e29c6 100644
--- a/tests/Makefile
+++ b/tests/Makefile
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ VOID = /dev/null
 ZSTREAM_TESTTIME = -T2mn
 FUZZERTEST ?= -T5mn
 ZSTDRTTEST = --test-large-data
+DECODECORPUS_TESTTIME = -T30
 
 .PHONY: default all all32 dll clean test test32 test-all namespaceTest versionsTest
 
@@ -154,6 +155,9 @@ legacy : CPPFLAGS+= -I$(ZSTDDIR)/legacy
 legacy : $(ZSTD_FILES) $(wildcard $(ZSTDDIR)/legacy/*.c) legacy.c
 	$(CC)      $(FLAGS) $^ -o $@$(EXT)
 
+decodecorpus	: $(filter-out $(ZSTDDIR)/compress/zstd_compress.c, $(wildcard $(ZSTD_FILES))) decodecorpus.c
+	$(CC)      $(FLAGS) $^ -o $@$(EXT) -lm
+
 symbols  : symbols.c
 	$(MAKE) -C $(ZSTDDIR) libzstd
 ifneq (,$(filter Windows%,$(OS)))
@@ -184,7 +188,8 @@ clean:
         fuzzer-dll$(EXT) zstreamtest-dll$(EXT) zbufftest-dll$(EXT)\
         zstreamtest$(EXT) zstreamtest32$(EXT) \
         datagen$(EXT) paramgrill$(EXT) roundTripCrash$(EXT) longmatch$(EXT) \
-        symbols$(EXT) invalidDictionaries$(EXT) legacy$(EXT) pool$(EXT)
+        symbols$(EXT) invalidDictionaries$(EXT) legacy$(EXT) pool$(EXT) \
+	decodecorpus$(EXT)
 	@echo Cleaning completed
 
 
@@ -230,7 +235,7 @@ zstd-playTests: datagen
 	file $(ZSTD)
 	ZSTD="$(QEMU_SYS) $(ZSTD)" ./playTests.sh $(ZSTDRTTEST)
 
-test: test-zstd test-fullbench test-fuzzer test-zstream test-invalidDictionaries test-legacy
+test: test-zstd test-fullbench test-fuzzer test-zstream test-invalidDictionaries test-legacy test-decodecorpus
 ifeq ($(QEMU_SYS),)
 test: test-pool
 endif
@@ -302,6 +307,9 @@ test-symbols: symbols
 test-legacy: legacy
 	$(QEMU_SYS) ./legacy
 
+test-decodecorpus: decodecorpus
+	$(QEMU_SYS) ./decodecorpus -t $(DECODECORPUS_TESTTIME)
+
 test-pool: pool
 	$(QEMU_SYS) ./pool
 
diff --git a/tests/README.md b/tests/README.md
index 79c067ab..24a28ab7 100644
--- a/tests/README.md
+++ b/tests/README.md
@@ -10,12 +10,14 @@ This directory contains the following programs and scripts:
 - `test-zstd-versions.py` : compatibility test between zstd versions stored on Github (v0.1+)
 - `zbufftest`  : Test tool to check ZBUFF (a buffered streaming API) integrity
 - `zstreamtest` : Fuzzer test tool for zstd streaming API
+- `legacy` : Test tool to test decoding of legacy zstd frames
+- `decodecorpus` : Tool to generate valid Zstandard frames, for verifying decoder implementations
 
 
 #### `test-zstd-versions.py` - script for testing zstd interoperability between versions
 
 This script creates `versionsTest` directory to which zstd repository is cloned.
-Then all taged (released) versions of zstd are compiled.
+Then all tagged (released) versions of zstd are compiled.
 In the following step interoperability between zstd versions is checked.
 
 
@@ -64,3 +66,25 @@ optional arguments:
   --sleepTime SLEEPTIME
                         frequency of repository checking in seconds
 ```
+
+#### `decodecorpus` - tool to generate Zstandard frames for decoder testing
+Command line tool to generate test .zst files.
+
+This tool will generate .zst files with checksums,
+as well as optionally output the corresponding correct uncompressed data for
+extra verfication.
+
+Example:
+```
+./decodecorpus -ptestfiles -otestfiles -n10000 -s5
+```
+will generate 10,000 sample .zst files using a seed of 5 in the `testfiles` directory,
+with the zstd checksum field set,
+as well as the 10,000 original files for more detailed comparison of decompression results.
+
+```
+./decodecorpus -t -T1mn
+```
+will choose a random seed, and for 1 minute,
+generate random test frames and ensure that the
+zstd library correctly decompresses them in both simple and streaming modes.
diff --git a/tests/decodecorpus.c b/tests/decodecorpus.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..df12dd56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/decodecorpus.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1450 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2017-present, Facebook, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the BSD-style license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. An additional grant
+ * of patent rights can be found in the PATENTS file in the same directory.
+ */
+
+#include 
+#include 
+#include 
+#include 
+#include 
+#include 
+#include 
+
+#include "zstd.h"
+#include "zstd_internal.h"
+#include "mem.h"
+
+// Direct access to internal compression functions is required
+#include "zstd_compress.c"
+
+#define XXH_STATIC_LINKING_ONLY
+#include "xxhash.h"     /* XXH64 */
+
+#ifndef MIN
+    #define MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
+#endif
+
+#ifndef MAX_PATH
+    #ifdef PATH_MAX
+        #define MAX_PATH PATH_MAX
+    #else
+        #define MAX_PATH 256
+    #endif
+#endif
+
+/*-************************************
+*  DISPLAY Macros
+**************************************/
+#define DISPLAY(...)          fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__)
+#define DISPLAYLEVEL(l, ...)  if (g_displayLevel>=l) { DISPLAY(__VA_ARGS__); }
+static U32 g_displayLevel = 0;
+
+#define DISPLAYUPDATE(...)                                                     \
+    do {                                                                       \
+        if ((clockSpan(g_displayClock) > g_refreshRate) ||                     \
+            (g_displayLevel >= 4)) {                                           \
+            g_displayClock = clock();                                          \
+            DISPLAY(__VA_ARGS__);                                              \
+            if (g_displayLevel >= 4) fflush(stderr);                           \
+        }                                                                      \
+    } while (0)
+static const clock_t g_refreshRate = CLOCKS_PER_SEC / 6;
+static clock_t g_displayClock = 0;
+
+static clock_t clockSpan(clock_t cStart)
+{
+    return clock() - cStart;   /* works even when overflow; max span ~ 30mn */
+}
+
+#define CHECKERR(code)                                                         \
+    do {                                                                       \
+        if (ZSTD_isError(code)) {                                              \
+            DISPLAY("Error occurred while generating data: %s\n",              \
+                    ZSTD_getErrorName(code));                                  \
+            exit(1);                                                           \
+        }                                                                      \
+    } while (0)
+
+/*-*******************************************************
+*  Random function
+*********************************************************/
+#define CLAMP(x, a, b) ((x) < (a) ? (a) : ((x) > (b) ? (b) : (x)))
+
+static unsigned RAND(unsigned* src)
+{
+#define RAND_rotl32(x,r) ((x << r) | (x >> (32 - r)))
+    static const U32 prime1 = 2654435761U;
+    static const U32 prime2 = 2246822519U;
+    U32 rand32 = *src;
+    rand32 *= prime1;
+    rand32 += prime2;
+    rand32  = RAND_rotl32(rand32, 13);
+    *src = rand32;
+    return RAND_rotl32(rand32, 27);
+#undef RAND_rotl32
+}
+
+#define DISTSIZE (8192)
+
+/* Write `size` bytes into `ptr`, all of which are less than or equal to `maxSymb` */
+static void RAND_bufferMaxSymb(U32* seed, void* ptr, size_t size, int maxSymb)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    BYTE* op = ptr;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        op[i] = RAND(seed) % (maxSymb + 1);
+    }
+}
+
+/* Write `size` random bytes into `ptr` */
+static void RAND_buffer(U32* seed, void* ptr, size_t size)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    BYTE* op = ptr;
+
+    for (i = 0; i + 4 <= size; i += 4) {
+        MEM_writeLE32(op + i, RAND(seed));
+    }
+    for (; i < size; i++) {
+        op[i] = RAND(seed) & 0xff;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Write `size` bytes into `ptr` following the distribution `dist` */
+static void RAND_bufferDist(U32* seed, BYTE* dist, void* ptr, size_t size)
+{
+    size_t i;
+    BYTE* op = ptr;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+        op[i] = dist[RAND(seed) % DISTSIZE];
+    }
+}
+
+/* Generate a random distribution where the frequency of each symbol follows a
+ * geometric distribution defined by `weight`
+ * `dist` should have size at least `DISTSIZE` */
+static void RAND_genDist(U32* seed, BYTE* dist, double weight)
+{
+    size_t i = 0;
+    size_t statesLeft = DISTSIZE;
+    BYTE symb = RAND(seed) % 256;
+    BYTE step = (RAND(seed) % 256) | 1; /* force it to be odd so it's relatively prime to 256 */
+
+    while (i < DISTSIZE) {
+        size_t states = ((size_t)(weight * statesLeft)) + 1;
+        size_t j;
+        for (j = 0; j < states && i < DISTSIZE; j++, i++) {
+            dist[i] = symb;
+        }
+
+        symb += step;
+        statesLeft -= states;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Generates a random number in the range [min, max) */
+static inline U32 RAND_range(U32* seed, U32 min, U32 max)
+{
+    return (RAND(seed) % (max-min)) + min;
+}
+
+#define ROUND(x) ((U32)(x + 0.5))
+
+/* Generates a random number in an exponential distribution with mean `mean` */
+static double RAND_exp(U32* seed, double mean)
+{
+    double const u = RAND(seed) / (double) UINT_MAX;
+    return log(1-u) * (-mean);
+}
+
+/*-*******************************************************
+*  Constants and Structs
+*********************************************************/
+const char *BLOCK_TYPES[] = {"raw", "rle", "compressed"};
+
+#define MAX_DECOMPRESSED_SIZE_LOG 20
+#define MAX_DECOMPRESSED_SIZE (1ULL << MAX_DECOMPRESSED_SIZE_LOG)
+
+#define MAX_WINDOW_LOG 22 /* Recommended support is 8MB, so limit to 4MB + mantissa */
+#define MAX_BLOCK_SIZE (128ULL * 1024)
+
+#define MIN_SEQ_LEN (3)
+#define MAX_NB_SEQ ((MAX_BLOCK_SIZE + MIN_SEQ_LEN - 1) / MIN_SEQ_LEN)
+
+BYTE CONTENT_BUFFER[MAX_DECOMPRESSED_SIZE];
+BYTE FRAME_BUFFER[MAX_DECOMPRESSED_SIZE * 2];
+BYTE LITERAL_BUFFER[MAX_BLOCK_SIZE];
+
+seqDef SEQUENCE_BUFFER[MAX_NB_SEQ];
+BYTE SEQUENCE_LITERAL_BUFFER[MAX_BLOCK_SIZE]; /* storeSeq expects a place to copy literals to */
+BYTE SEQUENCE_LLCODE[MAX_BLOCK_SIZE];
+BYTE SEQUENCE_MLCODE[MAX_BLOCK_SIZE];
+BYTE SEQUENCE_OFCODE[MAX_BLOCK_SIZE];
+
+unsigned WKSP[1024];
+
+typedef struct {
+    size_t contentSize; /* 0 means unknown (unless contentSize == windowSize == 0) */
+    unsigned windowSize; /* contentSize >= windowSize means single segment */
+} frameHeader_t;
+
+/* For repeat modes */
+typedef struct {
+    U32 rep[ZSTD_REP_NUM];
+
+    int hufInit;
+    /* the distribution used in the previous block for repeat mode */
+    BYTE hufDist[DISTSIZE];
+    U32 hufTable [256]; /* HUF_CElt is an incomplete type */
+
+    int fseInit;
+    FSE_CTable offcodeCTable  [FSE_CTABLE_SIZE_U32(OffFSELog, MaxOff)];
+    FSE_CTable matchlengthCTable[FSE_CTABLE_SIZE_U32(MLFSELog, MaxML)];
+    FSE_CTable litlengthCTable  [FSE_CTABLE_SIZE_U32(LLFSELog, MaxLL)];
+
+    /* Symbols that were present in the previous distribution, for use with
+     * set_repeat */
+    BYTE litlengthSymbolSet[36];
+    BYTE offsetSymbolSet[29];
+    BYTE matchlengthSymbolSet[53];
+} cblockStats_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+    void* data;
+    void* dataStart;
+    void* dataEnd;
+
+    void* src;
+    void* srcStart;
+    void* srcEnd;
+
+    frameHeader_t header;
+
+    cblockStats_t stats;
+    cblockStats_t oldStats; /* so they can be rolled back if uncompressible */
+} frame_t;
+
+/*-*******************************************************
+*  Generator Functions
+*********************************************************/
+
+struct {
+    int contentSize; /* force the content size to be present */
+} opts; /* advanced options on generation */
+
+/* Generate and write a random frame header */
+static void writeFrameHeader(U32* seed, frame_t* frame)
+{
+    BYTE* const op = frame->data;
+    size_t pos = 0;
+    frameHeader_t fh;
+
+    BYTE windowByte = 0;
+
+    int singleSegment = 0;
+    int contentSizeFlag = 0;
+    int fcsCode = 0;
+
+    memset(&fh, 0, sizeof(fh));
+
+    /* generate window size */
+    {
+        /* Follow window algorithm from specification */
+        int const exponent = RAND(seed) % (MAX_WINDOW_LOG - 10);
+        int const mantissa = RAND(seed) % 8;
+        windowByte = (exponent << 3) | mantissa;
+        fh.windowSize = (1U << (exponent + 10));
+        fh.windowSize += fh.windowSize / 8 * mantissa;
+    }
+
+    {
+        /* Generate random content size */
+        size_t highBit;
+        if (RAND(seed) & 7) {
+            /* do content of at least 128 bytes */
+            highBit = 1ULL << RAND_range(seed, 7, MAX_DECOMPRESSED_SIZE_LOG);
+        } else if (RAND(seed) & 3) {
+            /* do small content */
+            highBit = 1ULL << RAND_range(seed, 0, 7);
+        } else {
+            /* 0 size frame */
+            highBit = 0;
+        }
+        fh.contentSize = highBit ? highBit + (RAND(seed) % highBit) : 0;
+
+        /* provide size sometimes */
+        contentSizeFlag = opts.contentSize | (RAND(seed) & 1);
+
+        if (contentSizeFlag && (fh.contentSize == 0 || !(RAND(seed) & 7))) {
+            /* do single segment sometimes */
+            fh.windowSize = fh.contentSize;
+            singleSegment = 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (contentSizeFlag) {
+        /* Determine how large fcs field has to be */
+        int minFcsCode = (fh.contentSize >= 256) +
+                               (fh.contentSize >= 65536 + 256) +
+                               (fh.contentSize > 0xFFFFFFFFU);
+        if (!singleSegment && !minFcsCode) {
+            minFcsCode = 1;
+        }
+        fcsCode = minFcsCode + (RAND(seed) % (4 - minFcsCode));
+        if (fcsCode == 1 && fh.contentSize < 256) fcsCode++;
+    }
+
+    /* write out the header */
+    MEM_writeLE32(op + pos, ZSTD_MAGICNUMBER);
+    pos += 4;
+
+    {
+        BYTE const frameHeaderDescriptor =
+                (fcsCode << 6) | (singleSegment << 5) | (1 << 2);
+        op[pos++] = frameHeaderDescriptor;
+    }
+
+    if (!singleSegment) {
+        op[pos++] = windowByte;
+    }
+
+    if (contentSizeFlag) {
+        switch (fcsCode) {
+        default: /* Impossible */
+        case 0: op[pos++] = fh.contentSize; break;
+        case 1: MEM_writeLE16(op + pos, fh.contentSize - 256); pos += 2; break;
+        case 2: MEM_writeLE32(op + pos, fh.contentSize); pos += 4; break;
+        case 3: MEM_writeLE64(op + pos, fh.contentSize); pos += 8; break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(2, " frame content size:\t%zu\n", fh.contentSize);
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(2, " frame window size:\t%u\n", fh.windowSize);
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(2, " content size flag:\t%d\n", contentSizeFlag);
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(2, " single segment flag:\t%d\n", singleSegment);
+
+    frame->data = op + pos;
+    frame->header = fh;
+}
+
+/* Write a literal block in either raw or RLE form, return the literals size */
+static size_t writeLiteralsBlockSimple(U32* seed, frame_t* frame, size_t contentSize)
+{
+    BYTE* op = (BYTE*)frame->data;
+    int const type = RAND(seed) % 2;
+    int const sizeFormatDesc = RAND(seed) % 8;
+    size_t litSize;
+    size_t maxLitSize = MIN(contentSize, MAX_BLOCK_SIZE);
+
+    if (sizeFormatDesc == 0) {
+        /* Size_FormatDesc = ?0 */
+        maxLitSize = MIN(maxLitSize, 31);
+    } else if (sizeFormatDesc <= 4) {
+        /* Size_FormatDesc = 01 */
+        maxLitSize = MIN(maxLitSize, 4095);
+    } else {
+        /* Size_Format = 11 */
+        maxLitSize = MIN(maxLitSize, 1048575);
+    }
+
+    litSize = RAND(seed) % (maxLitSize + 1);
+    if (frame->src == frame->srcStart && litSize == 0) {
+        litSize = 1; /* no empty literals if there's nothing preceding this block */
+    }
+    if (litSize + 3 > contentSize) {
+        litSize = contentSize; /* no matches shorter than 3 are allowed */
+    }
+    /* use smallest size format that fits */
+    if (litSize < 32) {
+        op[0] = (type | (0 << 2) | (litSize << 3)) & 0xff;
+        op += 1;
+    } else if (litSize < 4096) {
+        op[0] = (type | (1 << 2) | (litSize << 4)) & 0xff;
+        op[1] = (litSize >> 4) & 0xff;
+        op += 2;
+    } else {
+        op[0] = (type | (3 << 2) | (litSize << 4)) & 0xff;
+        op[1] = (litSize >> 4) & 0xff;
+        op[2] = (litSize >> 12) & 0xff;
+        op += 3;
+    }
+
+    if (type == 0) {
+        /* Raw literals */
+        DISPLAYLEVEL(4, "   raw literals\n");
+
+        RAND_buffer(seed, LITERAL_BUFFER, litSize);
+        memcpy(op, LITERAL_BUFFER, litSize);
+        op += litSize;
+    } else {
+        /* RLE literals */
+        BYTE const symb = RAND(seed) % 256;
+
+        DISPLAYLEVEL(4, "   rle literals: 0x%02x\n", (U32)symb);
+
+        memset(LITERAL_BUFFER, symb, litSize);
+        op[0] = symb;
+        op++;
+    }
+
+    frame->data = op;
+
+    return litSize;
+}
+
+/* Generate a Huffman header for the given source */
+static size_t writeHufHeader(U32* seed, HUF_CElt* hufTable, void* dst, size_t dstSize,
+                                 const void* src, size_t srcSize)
+{
+    BYTE* const ostart = (BYTE*)dst;
+    BYTE* op = ostart;
+
+    unsigned huffLog = 11;
+    U32 maxSymbolValue = 255;
+
+    U32 count[HUF_SYMBOLVALUE_MAX+1];
+
+    /* Scan input and build symbol stats */
+    {   size_t const largest = FSE_count_wksp (count, &maxSymbolValue, (const BYTE*)src, srcSize, WKSP);
+        if (largest == srcSize) { *ostart = ((const BYTE*)src)[0]; return 0; }   /* single symbol, rle */
+        if (largest <= (srcSize >> 7)+1) return 0;   /* Fast heuristic : not compressible enough */
+    }
+
+    /* Build Huffman Tree */
+    /* Max Huffman log is 11, min is highbit(maxSymbolValue)+1 */
+    huffLog = RAND_range(seed, ZSTD_highbit32(maxSymbolValue)+1, huffLog+1);
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(6, "     huffman log: %u\n", huffLog);
+    {   size_t const maxBits = HUF_buildCTable_wksp (hufTable, count, maxSymbolValue, huffLog, WKSP, sizeof(WKSP));
+        CHECKERR(maxBits);
+        huffLog = (U32)maxBits;
+    }
+
+    /* Write table description header */
+    {   size_t const hSize = HUF_writeCTable (op, dstSize, hufTable, maxSymbolValue, huffLog);
+        if (hSize + 12 >= srcSize) return 0;   /* not useful to try compression */
+        op += hSize;
+    }
+
+    return op - ostart;
+}
+
+/* Write a Huffman coded literals block and return the litearls size */
+static size_t writeLiteralsBlockCompressed(U32* seed, frame_t* frame, size_t contentSize)
+{
+    BYTE* origop = (BYTE*)frame->data;
+    BYTE* opend = (BYTE*)frame->dataEnd;
+    BYTE* op;
+    BYTE* const ostart = origop;
+    int const sizeFormat = RAND(seed) % 4;
+    size_t litSize;
+    size_t hufHeaderSize = 0;
+    size_t compressedSize = 0;
+    size_t maxLitSize = MIN(contentSize-3, MAX_BLOCK_SIZE);
+
+    symbolEncodingType_e hType;
+
+    if (contentSize < 64) {
+        /* make sure we get reasonably-sized literals for compression */
+        return ERROR(GENERIC);
+    }
+
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(4, "   compressed literals\n");
+
+    switch (sizeFormat) {
+    case 0: /* fall through, size is the same as case 1 */
+    case 1:
+        maxLitSize = MIN(maxLitSize, 1023);
+        origop += 3;
+        break;
+    case 2:
+        maxLitSize = MIN(maxLitSize, 16383);
+        origop += 4;
+        break;
+    case 3:
+        maxLitSize = MIN(maxLitSize, 262143);
+        origop += 5;
+        break;
+    default:; /* impossible */
+    }
+
+    do {
+        op = origop;
+        do {
+            litSize = RAND(seed) % (maxLitSize + 1);
+        } while (litSize < 32); /* avoid small literal sizes */
+        if (litSize + 3 > contentSize) {
+            litSize = contentSize; /* no matches shorter than 3 are allowed */
+        }
+
+        /* most of the time generate a new distribution */
+        if ((RAND(seed) & 3) || !frame->stats.hufInit) {
+            do {
+                if (RAND(seed) & 3) {
+                    /* add 10 to ensure some compressability */
+                    double const weight = ((RAND(seed) % 90) + 10) / 100.0;
+
+                    DISPLAYLEVEL(5, "    distribution weight: %d%%\n",
+                                 (int)(weight * 100));
+
+                    RAND_genDist(seed, frame->stats.hufDist, weight);
+                } else {
+                    /* sometimes do restricted range literals to force
+                     * non-huffman headers */
+                    DISPLAYLEVEL(5, "    small range literals\n");
+                    RAND_bufferMaxSymb(seed, frame->stats.hufDist, DISTSIZE,
+                                       15);
+                }
+                RAND_bufferDist(seed, frame->stats.hufDist, LITERAL_BUFFER,
+                                litSize);
+
+                /* generate the header from the distribution instead of the
+                 * actual data to avoid bugs with symbols that were in the
+                 * distribution but never showed up in the output */
+                hufHeaderSize = writeHufHeader(
+                        seed, (HUF_CElt*)frame->stats.hufTable, op, opend - op,
+                        frame->stats.hufDist, DISTSIZE);
+                CHECKERR(hufHeaderSize);
+                /* repeat until a valid header is written */
+            } while (hufHeaderSize == 0);
+            op += hufHeaderSize;
+            hType = set_compressed;
+
+            frame->stats.hufInit = 1;
+        } else {
+            /* repeat the distribution/table from last time */
+            DISPLAYLEVEL(5, "    huffman repeat stats\n");
+            RAND_bufferDist(seed, frame->stats.hufDist, LITERAL_BUFFER,
+                            litSize);
+            hufHeaderSize = 0;
+            hType = set_repeat;
+        }
+
+        do {
+            compressedSize =
+                    sizeFormat == 0
+                            ? HUF_compress1X_usingCTable(
+                                      op, opend - op, LITERAL_BUFFER, litSize,
+                                      (HUF_CElt*)frame->stats.hufTable)
+                            : HUF_compress4X_usingCTable(
+                                      op, opend - op, LITERAL_BUFFER, litSize,
+                                      (HUF_CElt*)frame->stats.hufTable);
+            CHECKERR(compressedSize);
+            /* this only occurs when it could not compress or similar */
+        } while (compressedSize <= 0);
+
+        op += compressedSize;
+
+        compressedSize += hufHeaderSize;
+        DISPLAYLEVEL(5, "    regenerated size: %zu\n", litSize);
+        DISPLAYLEVEL(5, "    compressed size: %zu\n", compressedSize);
+        if (compressedSize >= litSize) {
+            DISPLAYLEVEL(5, "     trying again\n");
+            /* if we have to try again, reset the stats so we don't accidentally
+             * try to repeat a distribution we just made */
+            frame->stats = frame->oldStats;
+        } else {
+            break;
+        }
+    } while (1);
+
+    /* write header */
+    switch (sizeFormat) {
+    case 0: /* fall through, size is the same as case 1 */
+    case 1: {
+        U32 const header = hType | (sizeFormat << 2) | ((U32)litSize << 4) |
+                           ((U32)compressedSize << 14);
+        MEM_writeLE24(ostart, header);
+        break;
+    }
+    case 2: {
+        U32 const header = hType | (sizeFormat << 2) | ((U32)litSize << 4) |
+                           ((U32)compressedSize << 18);
+        MEM_writeLE32(ostart, header);
+        break;
+    }
+    case 3: {
+        U32 const header = hType | (sizeFormat << 2) | ((U32)litSize << 4) |
+                           ((U32)compressedSize << 22);
+        MEM_writeLE32(ostart, header);
+        ostart[4] = (BYTE)(compressedSize >> 10);
+        break;
+    }
+    default:; /* impossible */
+    }
+
+    frame->data = op;
+    return litSize;
+}
+
+static size_t writeLiteralsBlock(U32* seed, frame_t* frame, size_t contentSize)
+{
+    /* only do compressed for larger segments to avoid compressibility issues */
+    if (RAND(seed) & 7 && contentSize >= 64) {
+        return writeLiteralsBlockCompressed(seed, frame, contentSize);
+    } else {
+        return writeLiteralsBlockSimple(seed, frame, contentSize);
+    }
+}
+
+static inline void initSeqStore(seqStore_t *seqStore) {
+    seqStore->sequencesStart = SEQUENCE_BUFFER;
+    seqStore->litStart = SEQUENCE_LITERAL_BUFFER;
+    seqStore->llCode = SEQUENCE_LLCODE;
+    seqStore->mlCode = SEQUENCE_MLCODE;
+    seqStore->ofCode = SEQUENCE_OFCODE;
+
+    ZSTD_resetSeqStore(seqStore);
+}
+
+/* Randomly generate sequence commands */
+static U32 generateSequences(U32* seed, frame_t* frame, seqStore_t* seqStore,
+                                size_t contentSize, size_t literalsSize)
+{
+    /* The total length of all the matches */
+    size_t const remainingMatch = contentSize - literalsSize;
+    size_t excessMatch;
+    U32 i;
+
+    U32 numSequences;
+
+    const BYTE* literals = LITERAL_BUFFER;
+    BYTE* srcPtr = frame->src;
+
+    if (literalsSize == contentSize) {
+        numSequences = 0;
+    } else {
+        /* each match must be at least MIN_SEQ_LEN, so this is the maximum
+         * number of sequences we can have */
+        U32 const maxSequences = (U32)remainingMatch / MIN_SEQ_LEN;
+        numSequences = (RAND(seed) % maxSequences) + 1;
+
+        /* the extra match lengths we have to allocate to each sequence */
+        excessMatch = remainingMatch - numSequences * MIN_SEQ_LEN;
+    }
+
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(5, "    total match lengths: %zu\n", remainingMatch);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < numSequences; i++) {
+        /* Generate match and literal lengths by exponential distribution to
+         * ensure nice numbers */
+        U32 matchLen =
+                MIN_SEQ_LEN +
+                ROUND(RAND_exp(seed, excessMatch / (double)(numSequences - i)));
+        U32 literalLen =
+                (RAND(seed) & 7)
+                        ? ROUND(RAND_exp(seed,
+                                         literalsSize /
+                                                 (double)(numSequences - i)))
+                        : 0;
+        /* actual offset, code to send, and point to copy up to when shifting
+         * codes in the repeat offsets history */
+        U32 offset, offsetCode, repIndex;
+
+        /* bounds checks */
+        matchLen = MIN(matchLen, excessMatch + MIN_SEQ_LEN);
+        literalLen = MIN(literalLen, literalsSize);
+        if (i == 0 && srcPtr == frame->srcStart && literalLen == 0) literalLen = 1;
+        if (i + 1 == numSequences) matchLen = MIN_SEQ_LEN + excessMatch;
+
+        memcpy(srcPtr, literals, literalLen);
+        srcPtr += literalLen;
+
+        do {
+            if (RAND(seed) & 7) {
+                /* do a normal offset */
+                offset = (RAND(seed) %
+                          MIN(frame->header.windowSize,
+                              (BYTE*)srcPtr - (BYTE*)frame->srcStart)) +
+                         1;
+                offsetCode = offset + ZSTD_REP_MOVE;
+                repIndex = 2;
+            } else {
+                /* do a repeat offset */
+                offsetCode = RAND(seed) % 3;
+                if (literalLen > 0) {
+                    offset = frame->stats.rep[offsetCode];
+                    repIndex = offsetCode;
+                } else {
+                    /* special case */
+                    offset = offsetCode == 2 ? frame->stats.rep[0] - 1
+                                           : frame->stats.rep[offsetCode + 1];
+                    repIndex = MIN(2, offsetCode + 1);
+                }
+            }
+        } while (offset > (BYTE*)srcPtr - (BYTE*)frame->srcStart || offset == 0);
+
+        {   size_t j;
+            for (j = 0; j < matchLen; j++) {
+                *srcPtr = *(srcPtr-offset);
+                srcPtr++;
+            }
+        }
+
+        {   int r;
+            for (r = repIndex; r > 0; r--) {
+                frame->stats.rep[r] = frame->stats.rep[r - 1];
+            }
+            frame->stats.rep[0] = offset;
+        }
+
+        DISPLAYLEVEL(6, "      LL: %5u OF: %5u ML: %5u", literalLen, offset, matchLen);
+        DISPLAYLEVEL(7, " srcPos: %8zu seqNb: %3u",
+                     (BYTE*)srcPtr - (BYTE*)frame->srcStart, i);
+        DISPLAYLEVEL(6, "\n");
+        if (offsetCode < 3) {
+            DISPLAYLEVEL(7, "        repeat offset: %d\n", repIndex);
+        }
+        /* use libzstd sequence handling */
+        ZSTD_storeSeq(seqStore, literalLen, literals, offsetCode,
+                      matchLen - MINMATCH);
+
+        literalsSize -= literalLen;
+        excessMatch -= (matchLen - MIN_SEQ_LEN);
+        literals += literalLen;
+    }
+
+    memcpy(srcPtr, literals, literalsSize);
+    srcPtr += literalsSize;
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(6, "      excess literals: %5zu", literalsSize);
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(7, " srcPos: %8zu", (BYTE*)srcPtr - (BYTE*)frame->srcStart);
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(6, "\n");
+
+    return numSequences;
+}
+
+static void initSymbolSet(const BYTE* symbols, size_t len, BYTE* set, BYTE maxSymbolValue)
+{
+    size_t i;
+
+    memset(set, 0, (size_t)maxSymbolValue+1);
+
+    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+        set[symbols[i]] = 1;
+    }
+}
+
+static int isSymbolSubset(const BYTE* symbols, size_t len, const BYTE* set, BYTE maxSymbolValue)
+{
+    size_t i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+        if (symbols[i] > maxSymbolValue || !set[symbols[i]]) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+static size_t writeSequences(U32* seed, frame_t* frame, seqStore_t* seqStorePtr,
+                             size_t nbSeq)
+{
+    /* This code is mostly copied from ZSTD_compressSequences in zstd_compress.c */
+    U32 count[MaxSeq+1];
+    S16 norm[MaxSeq+1];
+    FSE_CTable* CTable_LitLength = frame->stats.litlengthCTable;
+    FSE_CTable* CTable_OffsetBits = frame->stats.offcodeCTable;
+    FSE_CTable* CTable_MatchLength = frame->stats.matchlengthCTable;
+    U32 LLtype, Offtype, MLtype;   /* compressed, raw or rle */
+    const seqDef* const sequences = seqStorePtr->sequencesStart;
+    const BYTE* const ofCodeTable = seqStorePtr->ofCode;
+    const BYTE* const llCodeTable = seqStorePtr->llCode;
+    const BYTE* const mlCodeTable = seqStorePtr->mlCode;
+    BYTE* const oend = (BYTE*)frame->dataEnd;
+    BYTE* op = (BYTE*)frame->data;
+    BYTE* seqHead;
+    BYTE scratchBuffer[1<>8) + 0x80), op[1] = (BYTE)nbSeq, op+=2;
+    else op[0]=0xFF, MEM_writeLE16(op+1, (U16)(nbSeq - LONGNBSEQ)), op+=3;
+
+    /* seqHead : flags for FSE encoding type */
+    seqHead = op++;
+
+    if (nbSeq==0) {
+        frame->data = op;
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /* convert length/distances into codes */
+    ZSTD_seqToCodes(seqStorePtr);
+
+    /* CTable for Literal Lengths */
+    {   U32 max = MaxLL;
+        size_t const mostFrequent = FSE_countFast_wksp(count, &max, llCodeTable, nbSeq, WKSP);
+        if (mostFrequent == nbSeq) {
+            /* do RLE if we have the chance */
+            *op++ = llCodeTable[0];
+            FSE_buildCTable_rle(CTable_LitLength, (BYTE)max);
+            LLtype = set_rle;
+        } else if (frame->stats.fseInit && !(RAND(seed) & 3) &&
+                   isSymbolSubset(llCodeTable, nbSeq,
+                                  frame->stats.litlengthSymbolSet, 35)) {
+            /* maybe do repeat mode if we're allowed to */
+            LLtype = set_repeat;
+        } else if (!(RAND(seed) & 3)) {
+            /* maybe use the default distribution */
+            FSE_buildCTable_wksp(CTable_LitLength, LL_defaultNorm, MaxLL, LL_defaultNormLog, scratchBuffer, sizeof(scratchBuffer));
+            LLtype = set_basic;
+        } else {
+            /* fall back on a full table */
+            size_t nbSeq_1 = nbSeq;
+            const U32 tableLog = FSE_optimalTableLog(LLFSELog, nbSeq, max);
+            if (count[llCodeTable[nbSeq-1]]>1) { count[llCodeTable[nbSeq-1]]--; nbSeq_1--; }
+            FSE_normalizeCount(norm, tableLog, count, nbSeq_1, max);
+            { size_t const NCountSize = FSE_writeNCount(op, oend-op, norm, max, tableLog);   /* overflow protected */
+              if (FSE_isError(NCountSize)) return ERROR(GENERIC);
+              op += NCountSize; }
+            FSE_buildCTable_wksp(CTable_LitLength, norm, max, tableLog, scratchBuffer, sizeof(scratchBuffer));
+            LLtype = set_compressed;
+    }   }
+
+    /* CTable for Offsets */
+    /* see Literal Lengths for descriptions of mode choices */
+    {   U32 max = MaxOff;
+        size_t const mostFrequent = FSE_countFast_wksp(count, &max, ofCodeTable, nbSeq, WKSP);
+        if (mostFrequent == nbSeq) {
+            *op++ = ofCodeTable[0];
+            FSE_buildCTable_rle(CTable_OffsetBits, (BYTE)max);
+            Offtype = set_rle;
+        } else if (frame->stats.fseInit && !(RAND(seed) & 3) &&
+                   isSymbolSubset(ofCodeTable, nbSeq,
+                                  frame->stats.offsetSymbolSet, 28)) {
+            Offtype = set_repeat;
+        } else if (!(RAND(seed) & 3)) {
+            FSE_buildCTable_wksp(CTable_OffsetBits, OF_defaultNorm, MaxOff, OF_defaultNormLog, scratchBuffer, sizeof(scratchBuffer));
+            Offtype = set_basic;
+        } else {
+            size_t nbSeq_1 = nbSeq;
+            const U32 tableLog = FSE_optimalTableLog(OffFSELog, nbSeq, max);
+            if (count[ofCodeTable[nbSeq-1]]>1) { count[ofCodeTable[nbSeq-1]]--; nbSeq_1--; }
+            FSE_normalizeCount(norm, tableLog, count, nbSeq_1, max);
+            { size_t const NCountSize = FSE_writeNCount(op, oend-op, norm, max, tableLog);   /* overflow protected */
+              if (FSE_isError(NCountSize)) return ERROR(GENERIC);
+              op += NCountSize; }
+            FSE_buildCTable_wksp(CTable_OffsetBits, norm, max, tableLog, scratchBuffer, sizeof(scratchBuffer));
+            Offtype = set_compressed;
+    }   }
+
+    /* CTable for MatchLengths */
+    /* see Literal Lengths for descriptions of mode choices */
+    {   U32 max = MaxML;
+        size_t const mostFrequent = FSE_countFast_wksp(count, &max, mlCodeTable, nbSeq, WKSP);
+        if (mostFrequent == nbSeq) {
+            *op++ = *mlCodeTable;
+            FSE_buildCTable_rle(CTable_MatchLength, (BYTE)max);
+            MLtype = set_rle;
+        } else if (frame->stats.fseInit && !(RAND(seed) & 3) &&
+                   isSymbolSubset(mlCodeTable, nbSeq,
+                                  frame->stats.matchlengthSymbolSet, 52)) {
+            MLtype = set_repeat;
+        } else if (!(RAND(seed) & 3)) {
+            /* sometimes do default distribution */
+            FSE_buildCTable_wksp(CTable_MatchLength, ML_defaultNorm, MaxML, ML_defaultNormLog, scratchBuffer, sizeof(scratchBuffer));
+            MLtype = set_basic;
+        } else {
+            /* fall back on table */
+            size_t nbSeq_1 = nbSeq;
+            const U32 tableLog = FSE_optimalTableLog(MLFSELog, nbSeq, max);
+            if (count[mlCodeTable[nbSeq-1]]>1) { count[mlCodeTable[nbSeq-1]]--; nbSeq_1--; }
+            FSE_normalizeCount(norm, tableLog, count, nbSeq_1, max);
+            { size_t const NCountSize = FSE_writeNCount(op, oend-op, norm, max, tableLog);   /* overflow protected */
+              if (FSE_isError(NCountSize)) return ERROR(GENERIC);
+              op += NCountSize; }
+            FSE_buildCTable_wksp(CTable_MatchLength, norm, max, tableLog, scratchBuffer, sizeof(scratchBuffer));
+            MLtype = set_compressed;
+    }   }
+    frame->stats.fseInit = 1;
+    initSymbolSet(llCodeTable, nbSeq, frame->stats.litlengthSymbolSet, 35);
+    initSymbolSet(ofCodeTable, nbSeq, frame->stats.offsetSymbolSet, 28);
+    initSymbolSet(mlCodeTable, nbSeq, frame->stats.matchlengthSymbolSet, 52);
+
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(5, "    LL type: %d OF type: %d ML type: %d\n", LLtype, Offtype, MLtype);
+
+    *seqHead = (BYTE)((LLtype<<6) + (Offtype<<4) + (MLtype<<2));
+
+    /* Encoding Sequences */
+    {   BIT_CStream_t blockStream;
+        FSE_CState_t  stateMatchLength;
+        FSE_CState_t  stateOffsetBits;
+        FSE_CState_t  stateLitLength;
+
+        CHECK_E(BIT_initCStream(&blockStream, op, oend-op), dstSize_tooSmall); /* not enough space remaining */
+
+        /* first symbols */
+        FSE_initCState2(&stateMatchLength, CTable_MatchLength, mlCodeTable[nbSeq-1]);
+        FSE_initCState2(&stateOffsetBits,  CTable_OffsetBits,  ofCodeTable[nbSeq-1]);
+        FSE_initCState2(&stateLitLength,   CTable_LitLength,   llCodeTable[nbSeq-1]);
+        BIT_addBits(&blockStream, sequences[nbSeq-1].litLength, LL_bits[llCodeTable[nbSeq-1]]);
+        if (MEM_32bits()) BIT_flushBits(&blockStream);
+        BIT_addBits(&blockStream, sequences[nbSeq-1].matchLength, ML_bits[mlCodeTable[nbSeq-1]]);
+        if (MEM_32bits()) BIT_flushBits(&blockStream);
+        BIT_addBits(&blockStream, sequences[nbSeq-1].offset, ofCodeTable[nbSeq-1]);
+        BIT_flushBits(&blockStream);
+
+        {   size_t n;
+            for (n=nbSeq-2 ; n= 64-7-(LLFSELog+MLFSELog+OffFSELog)))
+                    BIT_flushBits(&blockStream);                                /* (7)*/
+                BIT_addBits(&blockStream, sequences[n].litLength, llBits);
+                if (MEM_32bits() && ((llBits+mlBits)>24)) BIT_flushBits(&blockStream);
+                BIT_addBits(&blockStream, sequences[n].matchLength, mlBits);
+                if (MEM_32bits()) BIT_flushBits(&blockStream);                  /* (7)*/
+                BIT_addBits(&blockStream, sequences[n].offset, ofBits);         /* 31 */
+                BIT_flushBits(&blockStream);                                    /* (7)*/
+        }   }
+
+        FSE_flushCState(&blockStream, &stateMatchLength);
+        FSE_flushCState(&blockStream, &stateOffsetBits);
+        FSE_flushCState(&blockStream, &stateLitLength);
+
+        {   size_t const streamSize = BIT_closeCStream(&blockStream);
+            if (streamSize==0) return ERROR(dstSize_tooSmall);   /* not enough space */
+            op += streamSize;
+    }   }
+
+    frame->data = op;
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static size_t writeSequencesBlock(U32* seed, frame_t* frame, size_t contentSize,
+                                  size_t literalsSize)
+{
+    seqStore_t seqStore;
+    size_t numSequences;
+
+
+    initSeqStore(&seqStore);
+
+    /* randomly generate sequences */
+    numSequences = generateSequences(seed, frame, &seqStore, contentSize, literalsSize);
+    /* write them out to the frame data */
+    CHECKERR(writeSequences(seed, frame, &seqStore, numSequences));
+
+    return numSequences;
+}
+
+static size_t writeCompressedBlock(U32* seed, frame_t* frame, size_t contentSize)
+{
+    BYTE* const blockStart = (BYTE*)frame->data;
+    size_t literalsSize;
+    size_t nbSeq;
+
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(4, "  compressed block:\n");
+
+    literalsSize = writeLiteralsBlock(seed, frame, contentSize);
+
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(4, "   literals size: %zu\n", literalsSize);
+
+    nbSeq = writeSequencesBlock(seed, frame, contentSize, literalsSize);
+
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(4, "   number of sequences: %zu\n", nbSeq);
+
+    return (BYTE*)frame->data - blockStart;
+}
+
+static void writeBlock(U32* seed, frame_t* frame, size_t contentSize,
+                       int lastBlock)
+{
+    int const blockTypeDesc = RAND(seed) % 8;
+    size_t blockSize;
+    int blockType;
+
+    BYTE *const header = (BYTE*)frame->data;
+    BYTE *op = header + 3;
+
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(3, " block:\n");
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(3, "  block content size: %zu\n", contentSize);
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(3, "  last block: %s\n", lastBlock ? "yes" : "no");
+
+    if (blockTypeDesc == 0) {
+        /* Raw data frame */
+
+        RAND_buffer(seed, frame->src, contentSize);
+        memcpy(op, frame->src, contentSize);
+
+        op += contentSize;
+        blockType = 0;
+        blockSize = contentSize;
+    } else if (blockTypeDesc == 1) {
+        /* RLE */
+        BYTE const symbol = RAND(seed) & 0xff;
+
+        op[0] = symbol;
+        memset(frame->src, symbol, contentSize);
+
+        op++;
+        blockType = 1;
+        blockSize = contentSize;
+    } else {
+        /* compressed, most common */
+        size_t compressedSize;
+        blockType = 2;
+
+        frame->oldStats = frame->stats;
+
+        frame->data = op;
+        compressedSize = writeCompressedBlock(seed, frame, contentSize);
+        if (compressedSize > contentSize) {
+            blockType = 0;
+            memcpy(op, frame->src, contentSize);
+
+            op += contentSize;
+            blockSize = contentSize; /* fall back on raw block if data doesn't
+                                        compress */
+
+            frame->stats = frame->oldStats; /* don't update the stats */
+        } else {
+            op += compressedSize;
+            blockSize = compressedSize;
+        }
+    }
+    frame->src = (BYTE*)frame->src + contentSize;
+
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(3, "  block type: %s\n", BLOCK_TYPES[blockType]);
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(3, "  block size field: %zu\n", blockSize);
+
+    header[0] = (lastBlock | (blockType << 1) | (blockSize << 3)) & 0xff;
+    MEM_writeLE16(header + 1, blockSize >> 5);
+
+    frame->data = op;
+}
+
+static void writeBlocks(U32* seed, frame_t* frame)
+{
+    size_t contentLeft = frame->header.contentSize;
+    size_t const maxBlockSize = MIN(MAX_BLOCK_SIZE, frame->header.windowSize);
+    while (1) {
+        /* 1 in 4 chance of ending frame */
+        int const lastBlock = contentLeft > maxBlockSize ? 0 : !(RAND(seed) & 3);
+        size_t blockContentSize;
+        if (lastBlock) {
+            blockContentSize = contentLeft;
+        } else {
+            if (contentLeft > 0 && (RAND(seed) & 7)) {
+                /* some variable size blocks */
+                blockContentSize = RAND(seed) % (MIN(maxBlockSize, contentLeft)+1);
+            } else if (contentLeft > maxBlockSize && (RAND(seed) & 1)) {
+                /* some full size blocks */
+                blockContentSize = maxBlockSize;
+            } else {
+                /* some empty blocks */
+                blockContentSize = 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        writeBlock(seed, frame, blockContentSize, lastBlock);
+
+        contentLeft -= blockContentSize;
+        if (lastBlock) break;
+    }
+}
+
+static void writeChecksum(frame_t* frame)
+{
+    /* write checksum so implementations can verify their output */
+    U64 digest = XXH64(frame->srcStart, (BYTE*)frame->src-(BYTE*)frame->srcStart, 0);
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(2, "  checksum: %08x\n", (U32)digest);
+    MEM_writeLE32(frame->data, (U32)digest);
+    frame->data = (BYTE*)frame->data + 4;
+}
+
+static void outputBuffer(const void* buf, size_t size, const char* const path)
+{
+    /* write data out to file */
+    const BYTE* ip = (const BYTE*)buf;
+    FILE* out;
+    if (path) {
+        out = fopen(path, "wb");
+    } else {
+        out = stdout;
+    }
+    if (!out) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open file at %s: ", path);
+        perror(NULL);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+
+    {
+        size_t fsize = size;
+        size_t written = 0;
+        while (written < fsize) {
+            written += fwrite(ip + written, 1, fsize - written, out);
+            if (ferror(out)) {
+                fprintf(stderr, "Failed to write to file at %s: ", path);
+                perror(NULL);
+                exit(1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (path) {
+        fclose(out);
+    }
+}
+
+static void initFrame(frame_t* fr)
+{
+    memset(fr, 0, sizeof(*fr));
+    fr->data = fr->dataStart = FRAME_BUFFER;
+    fr->dataEnd = FRAME_BUFFER + sizeof(FRAME_BUFFER);
+    fr->src = fr->srcStart = CONTENT_BUFFER;
+    fr->srcEnd = CONTENT_BUFFER + sizeof(CONTENT_BUFFER);
+
+    /* init repeat codes */
+    fr->stats.rep[0] = 1;
+    fr->stats.rep[1] = 4;
+    fr->stats.rep[2] = 8;
+}
+
+/* Return the final seed */
+static U32 generateFrame(U32 seed, frame_t* fr)
+{
+    /* generate a complete frame */
+    DISPLAYLEVEL(1, "frame seed: %u\n", seed);
+
+    initFrame(fr);
+
+    writeFrameHeader(&seed, fr);
+    writeBlocks(&seed, fr);
+    writeChecksum(fr);
+
+    return seed;
+}
+
+/*-*******************************************************
+*  Test Mode
+*********************************************************/
+
+BYTE DECOMPRESSED_BUFFER[MAX_DECOMPRESSED_SIZE];
+
+static size_t testDecodeSimple(frame_t* fr)
+{
+    /* test decoding the generated data with the simple API */
+    size_t const ret = ZSTD_decompress(DECOMPRESSED_BUFFER, MAX_DECOMPRESSED_SIZE,
+                           fr->dataStart, (BYTE*)fr->data - (BYTE*)fr->dataStart);
+
+    if (ZSTD_isError(ret)) return ret;
+
+    if (memcmp(DECOMPRESSED_BUFFER, fr->srcStart,
+               (BYTE*)fr->src - (BYTE*)fr->srcStart) != 0) {
+        return ERROR(corruption_detected);
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static size_t testDecodeStreaming(frame_t* fr)
+{
+    /* test decoding the generated data with the streaming API */
+    ZSTD_DStream* zd = ZSTD_createDStream();
+    ZSTD_inBuffer in;
+    ZSTD_outBuffer out;
+    size_t ret;
+
+    if (!zd) return ERROR(memory_allocation);
+
+    in.src = fr->dataStart;
+    in.pos = 0;
+    in.size = (BYTE*)fr->data - (BYTE*)fr->dataStart;
+
+    out.dst = DECOMPRESSED_BUFFER;
+    out.pos = 0;
+    out.size = ZSTD_DStreamOutSize();
+
+    ZSTD_initDStream(zd);
+    while (1) {
+        ret = ZSTD_decompressStream(zd, &out, &in);
+        if (ZSTD_isError(ret)) goto cleanup; /* error */
+        if (ret == 0) break; /* frame is done */
+
+        /* force decoding to be done in chunks */
+        out.size += MIN(ZSTD_DStreamOutSize(), MAX_DECOMPRESSED_SIZE - out.size);
+    }
+
+    ret = out.pos;
+
+    if (memcmp(out.dst, fr->srcStart, out.pos) != 0) {
+        return ERROR(corruption_detected);
+    }
+
+cleanup:
+    ZSTD_freeDStream(zd);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+static int runTestMode(U32 seed, unsigned numFiles, unsigned const testDurationS)
+{
+    unsigned fnum;
+
+    clock_t const startClock = clock();
+    clock_t const maxClockSpan = testDurationS * CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
+
+    if (numFiles == 0 && !testDurationS) numFiles = 1;
+
+    DISPLAY("seed: %u\n", seed);
+
+    for (fnum = 0; fnum < numFiles || clockSpan(startClock) < maxClockSpan; fnum++) {
+        frame_t fr;
+
+        if (fnum < numFiles)
+            DISPLAYUPDATE("\r%u/%u        ", fnum, numFiles);
+        else
+            DISPLAYUPDATE("\r%u           ", fnum);
+
+        seed = generateFrame(seed, &fr);
+
+        {   size_t const r = testDecodeSimple(&fr);
+            if (ZSTD_isError(r)) {
+                DISPLAY("Error in simple mode on test seed %u: %s\n", seed + fnum,
+                        ZSTD_getErrorName(r));
+                return 1;
+            }
+        }
+        {   size_t const r = testDecodeStreaming(&fr);
+            if (ZSTD_isError(r)) {
+                DISPLAY("Error in streaming mode on test seed %u: %s\n", seed + fnum,
+                        ZSTD_getErrorName(r));
+                return 1;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    DISPLAY("\r%u tests completed: ", fnum);
+    DISPLAY("OK\n");
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/*-*******************************************************
+*  File I/O
+*********************************************************/
+
+static int generateFile(U32 seed, const char* const path,
+                         const char* const origPath)
+{
+    frame_t fr;
+
+    DISPLAY("seed: %u\n", seed);
+
+    generateFrame(seed, &fr);
+
+    outputBuffer(fr.dataStart, (BYTE*)fr.data - (BYTE*)fr.dataStart, path);
+    if (origPath) {
+        outputBuffer(fr.srcStart, (BYTE*)fr.src - (BYTE*)fr.srcStart, origPath);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int generateCorpus(U32 seed, unsigned numFiles, const char* const path,
+                         const char* const origPath)
+{
+    char outPath[MAX_PATH];
+    unsigned fnum;
+
+    DISPLAY("seed: %u\n", seed);
+
+    for (fnum = 0; fnum < numFiles; fnum++) {
+        frame_t fr;
+
+        DISPLAYUPDATE("\r%u/%u        ", fnum, numFiles);
+
+        seed = generateFrame(seed, &fr);
+
+        if (snprintf(outPath, MAX_PATH, "%s/z%06u.zst", path, fnum) + 1 > MAX_PATH) {
+            DISPLAY("Error: path too long\n");
+            return 1;
+        }
+        outputBuffer(fr.dataStart, (BYTE*)fr.data - (BYTE*)fr.dataStart, outPath);
+
+        if (origPath) {
+            if (snprintf(outPath, MAX_PATH, "%s/z%06u", origPath, fnum) + 1 > MAX_PATH) {
+                DISPLAY("Error: path too long\n");
+                return 1;
+            }
+            outputBuffer(fr.srcStart, (BYTE*)fr.src - (BYTE*)fr.srcStart, outPath);
+        }
+    }
+
+    DISPLAY("\r%u/%u      \n", fnum, numFiles);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*_*******************************************************
+*  Command line
+*********************************************************/
+static U32 makeSeed(void)
+{
+    U32 t = time(NULL);
+    return XXH32(&t, sizeof(t), 0) % 65536;
+}
+
+static unsigned readInt(const char** argument)
+{
+    unsigned val = 0;
+    while ((**argument>='0') && (**argument<='9')) {
+        val *= 10;
+        val += **argument - '0';
+        (*argument)++;
+    }
+    return val;
+}
+
+static void usage(const char* programName)
+{
+    DISPLAY( "Usage :\n");
+    DISPLAY( "      %s [args]\n", programName);
+    DISPLAY( "\n");
+    DISPLAY( "Arguments :\n");
+    DISPLAY( " -p : select output path (default:stdout)\n");
+    DISPLAY( "                in multiple files mode this should be a directory\n");
+    DISPLAY( " -o : select path to output original file (default:no output)\n");
+    DISPLAY( "                in multiple files mode this should be a directory\n");
+    DISPLAY( " -s#      : select seed (default:random based on time)\n");
+    DISPLAY( " -n#      : number of files to generate (default:1)\n");
+    DISPLAY( " -t       : activate test mode (test files against libzstd instead of outputting them)\n");
+    DISPLAY( " -T#      : length of time to run tests for\n");
+    DISPLAY( " -v       : increase verbosity level (default:0, max:7)\n");
+    DISPLAY( " -h/H     : display help/long help and exit\n");
+}
+
+static void advancedUsage(const char* programName)
+{
+    usage(programName);
+    DISPLAY( "\n");
+    DISPLAY( "Advanced arguments :\n");
+    DISPLAY( " --content-size    : always include the content size in the frame header\n");
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv)
+{
+    U32 seed = 0;
+    int seedset = 0;
+    unsigned numFiles = 0;
+    unsigned testDuration = 0;
+    int testMode = 0;
+    const char* path = NULL;
+    const char* origPath = NULL;
+
+    int argNb;
+
+    /* Check command line */
+    for (argNb=1; argNb